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  • Skeletal System: Functions

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    Angelita Bernales
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    The skeletal system has several main functions: support, protection, assistance in movement, and mineral homeostasis. It is divided into two main parts - the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the bones of the head and trunk, such as the skull, vertebral column, and ribs. The appendicular skeleton includes the upper and lower extremities. The skull contains 29 bones that are further divided into cranial bones, facial bones, and ear ossicles. The vertebral column consists of 26 bones including 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar vertebrae, the sacrum, and coccyx.

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    SKELETAL-SYSTEM-Reviewer

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    The skeletal system has several main functions: support, protection, assistance in movement, and mineral homeostasis. It is divided into two main parts - the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the bones of the head and trunk, such as the skull, vertebral column, and ribs. The appendicular skeleton includes the upper and lower extremities. The skull contains 29 bones that are further divided into cranial bones, facial bones, and ear ossicles. The vertebral column consists of 26 bones including 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar vertebrae, the sacrum, and coccyx.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    22 views11 pages

    Skeletal System: Functions

    Uploaded by

    Angelita Bernales
    The skeletal system has several main functions: support, protection, assistance in movement, and mineral homeostasis. It is divided into two main parts - the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the bones of the head and trunk, such as the skull, vertebral column, and ribs. The appendicular skeleton includes the upper and lower extremities. The skull contains 29 bones that are further divided into cranial bones, facial bones, and ear ossicles. The vertebral column consists of 26 bones including 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar vertebrae, the sacrum, and coccyx.

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    of 11

    SKELETAL

    SYSTEM

    FUNCTIONS:
    Main Divisions
     Support
     Protection
     Assistance in movement
     Mineral homeostasis
    Appendicular (126)
    Axial (80)
     Blood cell
    production/Homopoiesis
     Triglyceride storage Upper
    Extremities (64)

    2 MAIN DIVISIONS

    Bones of the Bones of the


    Head (29) Trunk (51)

    Bones of the Head (29)

    Skull (22)

    Cranial
    bones (8)
    Facial Bones (14)

    Skull Associated
    Bones (7)

    Hyoid (1)

    Axial Skeleton (80)


    Clavicle (2)
    Bones of the Trunk (51)
    Humerus (2)

    Radius (2) Vertebral Column (26)


    Chest (25)
    Patella (2)
    Femur (2)
    Ulna (2)
    Ribs (12 pairs) Tibia (2) Cervical (7)

    Carpal (16)
    Sternum (1) Fibula (2) Thoracic (12)

    Metacarpal (10) Lumbar (5)


    Tarsal (2)
    Phalanges (28) Sacrum (1)
    Metatarsal (2)

    Phalanges (28)
    BONES OF THE HEAD

    Cranial Bones (8)


    Facial Bones (14)
    Ear Ossicles (6)
    Hyoid Bone (1)
    TOTAL (29)

    Appendicular (126)
    8 CRANIAL
    BONES
    Upper Extremities (64) Lower Extremities (62)
    Frontal (1)
    Parietal (2)
    Scapula (2) Os Coxae (2)

    Coccyx (1)
    Temporal (2)
    Occipital (1)
    Ethmoid (1)
    Sphenoid (1)

    TEMPORAL (2)
    FRONTAL
    (1)

    OCCIPITAL (1)
    PARIETAL (2)
    ETHMOID (1)
    14 FACIAL
    BONES
    Maxillae (2)
    Palatine 2)
    Zygomatic (2)
    Lacrimal (2)
    Nasal (2)
    Vomer (1)
    Inferior Nasal Conchae (2)
    Mandible (1)

    SPHENOID (1) MAXILLAE (2)


    PALATINE (2)

    ZYGOMATIC (2)

    LACRIMAL (2)
    NASAL (2)

    INFERIOR NASAL
    CONCHAE (2)

    VOMER (1)

    MANDIBLE (1)
    BONES OF THE HEAD
    (29)

    Bones of the Cranial Facial Ear Hyoid


    Head Ossicles
    Paired 2 6 3
    Unpaired 4 2 1
    TOTAL NUMBER 8 14 6 1
    EAR OSSICLES (6)
    Malleus (2)
    Incus (2)
    Stapes (2)

    Ear Ossicles Malleus Incus Stapes

    Number 2 2 2
    Common Term Ham Anvil Stirrup
    mer

    HYOID (1)
    TOTAL : 26

    PARTS OF THE
    VERTEBRA

    Characteristics Cervical Thora


    VERTEBRAL vertebra
    COLUMN Overall
    Structure
    Cervical (7)
    Thoracic (12)
    Lumbar (5)
    Sacrum (1)
    Coccyx (1)
    Atlas Axis
    (C1) (C2)
    Size small
    Body X /
    Foramina
    Spinous Process X
    1 vertebral; /
    Dens Process 2Xtransverse /
    Transverse Process Slender/ & often
    Spinous processes / Long & Fairly thick (most
    Vertebral foramen / bifid /
    Transverse foramina / (C2-C6) /
    Articular facets for absent LUMBAR
    ribs
    VERTEBRAE (12)
    Size of Thick relative to
    Intervertebral discs size of
    Vertebral bodies

    C1 and C2 (Atlas and SACRUM (1)


    Axis) Compared

    THORACIC
    VERTEBRA (12)

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