DEFINITION
-A sarcoma is a type of
cancer that develops in
connective tissue, such as
bone, cartilage, or muscle.
- A sarcoma that starts in
the bones is called an
osteosarcoma, or osteogenic
sarcoma.
- Osteosarcoma is a type of
bone cancer that begins in
the cells that form bones
-Osteosarcoma most often
affects the long bones, such
as those in the arms and
legs.
-It usually occurs near the
ends of the bones where the
fastest growth is taking
place (growth plates). The
bones and areas most often
affected include:
 Femur (thigh bone)
near the knee.
 Tibia (shin bone)
near the knee.
 Humerus (upper arm
bone) near the
shoulder.
CLASSIFICATION ASSESSMENT
Primary Osteosarcoma- originates
in bone cell and not associated with
another cancer or diseases
-common in 15-25 years old
1. Conventional/classic OS
2. Low grade intramedullary
OS
3. Paraosteal OS
4. Periosteal OS
5. High grade surface OS
6. Telangiectatic OS
7. Small Cell OS
Secondary Osteosarcoma
-originates in bone cell but is
associated with a skeletal disease
or treatment from another
condition
-more common in above 50 years of
age
-with pre malignant condition like:
1. Paget’s Disease
2. Previous Radiation
Treatment
1. 3.Osteochondromas
2. 4. Osteogenesis Imperfecta
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Inspection  Bone pain or Bones vary in size and shape, they are all
palpation tenderness. made of the same types of cells and among
 Swelling and redness there are osteoblasts which build up new
at the site of the
bone and osteoclasts help with the
tumor.
breakdown or resorption.
 Limited range of
motion In addition to that, there are more primitive
 Bony mass may be cells in the bone marrow called the Human
palpable, tender, mesenchymal stem cells and
fixed, with increase neuroectodermal cells-which have the ability
skin temperature to differentiate into many cell types
over the mass and
including nerve, fat, bone, and cartilage cells.
distention.
Long bones like the femur-it has two
 Weight
epiphysis which are the ends that contribute
loss(considered an
ominous finding) to joints with other bones, it is rounded
 Pathological fracture because long bones joins with the other
bones and it helps them to move smoothly in
the joint giving more motion between the
epiphysis is the diaphysis or bone shaft and
it contains bone marrow and adipose tissue
and provide string support on heavy weight
In children and adolescent, there is
additional narrow portion between the
epiphysis and the diaphysis called
metaphysis-it contains the growth plate, the
part of the bone that grows during
childhood. In adults, the growth plate has
ossified and fused with diaphysis and
epiphysis.