•Social Differences

- Gender
- Socioeconomic Class
- Religion
(Gender, Socioeconomic Class and Religion)
Gender
 Gender Sex
• Refers to the socially • Refers to the
constructed roles, biological
behaviors, activities characteristic of
and attributes that a humans such as male
given society considers
appropriate for men or female.
and women. (WHO,
2013)
 - refer to attitudes and behaviors that
the society expects a person to exhibit based
on his or her sex
 Sex Gender Role Task
Datu or rajah Led the barangay, acted
Male as judge to settle
community concerns.
Bagani Protected the barangay
against enemies.
Binukot Acted as keeper of the
Female community’s history and
culture
Farmer or land tiller Nurtured the land where
crops were grown
 Sex Gender Role Task
Merchant Traded crops and other
Male and products with other
Female merchants
Potter Made pots and other
earthen products
Weaver Made clothing through
weaving
Babaylan Acted as shaman and
performed spiritual and
social rituals
 Period Male Female
Spanish Occupation Laborers who provide for housewives; took care of
the family the children and the
household
Were educated to become Were trained for life in
professionals and leaders the monastery
American Occupation Laborers in factories Laborers in factories
Were educated to become Were educated to become
professionals professionals
Japanese Occupation Laborers who provide for Housewives
the family
Worked as guerilla Some become guerilla
soldiers soldiers and supporters
 /
•Heterosexual
•Homosexual
•Bisexual
•Asexual
•Pansexual/ Polysexual
• Transgender
- Social orientation is not related to
their genitalia.
• Transsexual
- discord between their internal gender
and their genitalia. (sexual reassignment)
- Is the idea and situation that women and
men are not equal.
- Unequal treatment or perceptions of
individuals wholly or partly due to their
gender.
Socio- economic Class
- Varies between societies as
the ideas associated with
being poor or rich differ
based on the collective
experiences of individuals.
DETERMINANTS:
- Income, value of assets and
savings, cultural interests
and hobbies, economic
status of peers and relatives
• Maharlika
• Timawa
• Alipin
- Aliping Namamahay
- Aliping Saguiguilid
• Peninsulares
• Insulares
• Mestizos
• Indios
• Principalla
• Illustrados
 Philippines
• Mahirap
• Medyo mayaman
• May kaya
• Sakto lang
• Mayaman
• High- income class, Middle-
income class, low- income
class
Religion
 - a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices,
pertaining to supernatural beings and
forces. Such beliefs may vary within a
culture as well as among societies and they
may be change over time. (Ember, Ember
and Peregrine, 2010)
- Monotheistic
- Polytheistic
•Our government does not prescribe a
specific set of activities or laws based
on religion.
•Christians
•Islam
• Since differences in religion do not only mean
worshipping different gods, conflict sometimes
arise between believers.
• A believer of a particular religion may offend a
follower of another religion if he/she imposes
his/her religious beliefs or practices.
• In history, bloody wars happened because of
religious differences and unfortunately ,
conflicts continue until now due to varying
religions.