Professional Documents
Culture Documents
What
comes to
your mind?
Sex and Gender as a Concepts
SEX refers to the
- genetic
- physical identity of the person
GENDER refers to the
- socially learned behaviors
- expectations associated with the two sexes
THUS
SEX is what you are born with;
GENDER is what happens afterwards.
Attributes of Sex:
Maleness
Femaleness
Attributes of Gender:
Masculinity
Femininity
Question?
Are women born feminine?
Are men born masculine?
Men:
Bravery, aggressiveness, independence,
and the ability to control emotions are
traits of men.
Women:
Timidity, passivity, while emotionally
demonstrative, loving, self sacrificing
and being peaceful are traits of women.
The confusion between sex and
gender gives rise to such
stereotypes as:
Men:
More fit to be leaders, head of families,
business enterprises, social and political
organizations, states, armies and communities
Women:
More fit to take secondary roles
PRODUCTIVE ROLE – involves producing
goods and services for consumption and
Gender Division of Labor
trade (i.e. paid work)
Femininity
and traits such as:
- submissiveness;
- modesty;
- nurturance.
Gender Division of Labor
Masculinity
and the
traits are
- Dominance
- Assertivenes
-
Instrumentality
Gender Division of Labor
Thus, men, as
masculine beings
*Work *Power
Deny women
access to the
*Achievement public world of: *Independence
*The Nurturant
*Emotive
Deny men access Other oriented
to: world
of domestic life.
However, the good news is…..
Statements G S
1. Women give birth to babies, men do not
2. Little girls are gentle, boys are rough.
3. According to UN statistics, women do 67% of
the world’s work, yet their earnings amount
only to 10% of the world’s income.
4. In the rural areas, women are paid lower
than the wage for men.
5. Women can breast-feed babies, men can
bottle-feed babies.
Differentiating SEX from GENDER QUIZ
Statements G S
6. Most-building site workers in the Philippines are men
7. In Ancient Egypt, men stayed at home and did weaving. Women
handled family business. Women inherited property and men
did not.
8. Men’s voices break at puberty, women’s do not.
9. In one study of 224 cultures, there were 5 in which men did all
the cooking and 36 in which women did all the house building.
10 In one of the schools in Spain, boys are taught to iron the
clothes.
11 In one documented case, a child who was brought up as a girl,
then learned that he was actually a boy, his school marks
improved dramatically.
Differentiating SEX from GENDER QUIZ
G S
12. Hormones
13. XX Chromosomes
14. Leader
15. Sexy
16. Child rearing
17. Lactation
18. Adam’s apple
19. Sperm cell
20. Childbearing
GENDER as a
Social Construct
According to this
view, society and
culture
create gender roles,
and these roles are
prescribed as ideal or
appropriate behavior
for a person of that
specific sex.
As an outcome:
Learning of
gender roles
Male
begin in the
gender-roles and
early
Female
stages of
gender-
childhood.
roles develop.
Social Institutions
WORKPLACE
EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTIONS
FAMILY
CHURCH
The Family
• Patriarchal family system:
male headship, task as
provider placed on men,
preference for sons,
✶No.
✶Anyone can be
gender-sensitive.
• You recognize that there is inequality between
men and women that can be passed on from
one generation to the next.