Structure for

Architects-1 Subject
Code:(Arch-200)
Lecture #06
Concrete​.
Concrete is ​a composite material ​composed
of fine and ​coarse aggregates bonded
together with a ​fluid cement (cement paste)
that hardens (cures) over time
Explanation​.
When aggregate is mixed
with dry cement and water, ​the mixture
forms a ​fluid slurry that is easily ​poured and
molded into ​shape. The cement reacts with
the water and other ​ingredients to form a
hard ​matrix that binds the ​materials
together
• ​Types of Concrete
• ​Modern Concrete​. ​Most commonly,
regular concrete is created ​by mixing
Portland cement ​with both an aggregate
and ​water-chemical mixtures.
• ​High-Strength Concrete.
• ​High Performance Concrete
• ​Ultra High ​Performance Concrete
• ​Stamped Concrete
• ​Self consolidating Concrete.
• ​Shotcrete
• ​High-strength concrete ​is defined based
on its compressive ​strength ​at a ​given age
whereas
• ​High-performance ​concrete is defined
based ​on performance criteria namely: high
durability, ​high strength, ​and high
workability
• ​Shotcrete ​Gunite or sprayed concrete is
concrete or mortar ​conveyed through a
hose ​and pneumatically projected ​at high
velocity onto a ​surface, as a construction
technique, first used in 1914
• ​Cement. ​A cement is a binder, a
substance used for ​construction that sets,
hardens, and adheres to ​other materials to
bind them ​together. Cement is seldom ​used
on its own, but rather ​to bind sand and
gravel (aggregate) together
• ​Types of Cement.
• ​Ordinary Portland Cement
• ​Rapid Hardening cement
• ​Low heat Portland cement
• ​Sulphate Resisting ​Portland Cement
• ​High alumina Cement
• ​Blast furnace slag cement
• ​Colored Cement
• ​Pozzolana cement
Admixture
An admixture is defined as ​“a material other
than water, aggregates, cementitious
materials, and fiber ​reinforcement, used as
an ​ingredient of a cementitious ​mixture to
modify its freshly ​mixed, setting, or
hardened ​properties and that is added ​to
the batch before or during ​its mixing
Types of Admixture
• ​Water Reducing ​Admixtures.
• ​Retarding Admixtures.
• ​Accelerating Admixtures.
• ​Air Entraining Concrete ​Admixture.
• ​Air detraining Admixtures
• ​Damp-proofing Admixtures.
Steel Rebars ​Steel reinforcement bars or
rebars are used to improve ​the tensile
strength of the ​concrete, since concrete is
very weak in tension, but is strong in
compression. Steel ​is only used as rebar
because elongation of steel ​due to high
temperatures ​(thermal expansion
coefficient) nearly equals to ​that of concrete
Grade of Steel Rebars
• ​Grade 40
• ​Grade 60
• ​Grade 75 ​Difference b/w Plain &
Deformed bars ​Deformed bars differ from
the plain bars in that they ​have either
indentations in them or ridges on them, or
both, in a regular pattern
NO​WN​,