MARKETABILITY OF LAVANDER PAPERFUME IN RESPONSE TO

THE PAPER WASTE PRODUCTION OF SINILOAN

INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

A research
presented to the Faculty of
Senior High School Siniloan Integrated
National High School

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the
Senior High School Applied Research Course

ACERO, THERESA ROSE SUCANO

ARBASTO, JEMMA IVY REALEZA
ISLETA, ANGELICA RELLOSA
PALAD, JOHN MICHAEL ARTIAGA
 Chapter 1
PROBLEM AND ITS BCKGROUND

Introduction

In everyday life, you apply different cosmetics, fragrance and other

personal care products in your body. More than your visual look, your fragrance

tends to proceed in adding additional perspective and depth to your vogue. The

most obvious fact when considering the significance of wearing perfume is to

preserve unpleasant frame odors at bay and make sure your odor fresh at all

stages in the day. The next reality is, perfume boosts self-belief and

complements the mood.

A fragrance that suits you may work wonders on your personality,

boosting your morale, and prefer a perfect partner, deliver out the fine in you on

all occasions. Perfume could be a fragrant liquid routinely produced using basic

oils separated from blooms and flavors, used to present an enchanting fragrance

to one's body or dress.

Paper is very common in our regular lives; it is in almost every product

that we use like books, tissue, and sanitary products, newspapers and

magazines, containers, catalogs, wallpaper, food packaging, gift-wrap, and

plenty of other staples of our each day routine. Paper is still taken into

consideration the most secure long-term way to keep data.

Paper pollution is another effect of paper waste and it's a serious problem.

Waste paper is the second most-produced stable waste in the Philippines,

contributing nineteen percent of the whole municipal strong waste production and
contributes to nineteen percentage (19%) of the total municipal stable waste

within the Philippines.

Background of the Study

Paper in today’s world is used in everyday life for endless functions so its

consumption has been increasing. In order to solve the problem of sourcing raw

materials for paper manufacturing, it's far better to increase technology for

sustainable recycling in place of sustainable forestry. Thus, separating all the

components of waste paper except for fibers using the most economical and

environmentally friendly methods and recycling are crucially important

(Karademir et al. 2016).

In the Philippines, paper waste is the second most produced solid waste

which contributes 8.70% of the whole municipal stable waste production.

According to Beston (2018), there is a total of 1,102,500 paper waste. Despite

the generation of high quantity of waste paper, the Philippine paper industry

remains in large part an internet importer of waste paper products as its primary

raw material.

This study aims to contribute to the law entitled “Ecological Solid Waste

Management Act of 2000” or Republic Act 9003 by promoting innovative way,

specifically perfume making in recycling paper waste. The outcome of the study

also seeks to be valuable in the exploration of the effects of lavender, for it will be

the scent we will use as it was reported to lower levels of anxiety, insomnia,

depression, and restlessness.

Theoretical Framework

The scent marketing, also called the aroma-marketing, is a part of a

quickly developing trend in a marketing communication – the sensory marketing.

A scent appeared to be very important aspect of sensory marketing (Hultén et al.,

2009). The reason of that is that other senses (sight, touch, taste or hearing) are

conscious one while a scent is a sense targeting unconsciousness directly, being

analyzed by the brain without any consumer awareness (Bradford & Desrochers,

2009). The aroma-marketing may be defined as a method of influencing the

receiver by consciously prepared mix of fragrances (Morrin & Ratneshwar, 2003)

which include influencing the consumers in the point of sales or by the product

itself (Bartholmé & Melewar, 2011). Scent which is accurately prepared and

adjusted to customers may have an enormous impact on the atmosphere in the

shop and therefore on emotional reactions of consumer. It is found by many

researchers that scent to which consumers are exposed positively influence their

attitudes towards sales environments and improve brands memory. It is then

definitely confirmed that exposure to scents ultimately leads to in increased

likelihood of purchase (Rimkute, et.al., 2016).

For the purpose of the study, the science of scent- marketing will be used

throughout the research by being the reference that it is possible to place aroma

or scent in a paper and can be utilized by assessing the marketability of

PaPerfume in terms of fragrance, packaging, cost, fragrance concentration and

uniqueness.
Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents the related literature and includes after the thorough

and in-depth search done by the researchers. This will also present the synthesis

to fully understand the research to be done.

A. Paper Recycling

Foreign Literature

According to Ruben Miranda (2015) discuss that terms and definitions

related to paper recycling was varied in the course of time. Different terms and

different definitions for the same thing are being used in different geographical

regions and by different organizations. He stated that different based on varying

conceptions of waste paper as a raw material. And also, the definitions of how to

make various calculations related to paper recycling activity are inconsistent.

Even such fundamental basic definitions like how to calculate recycling rate and

paper consumption are not uniform. It could be concluded that there is no

uniform system of terms and definitions related to paper recycling and the

implications of this deficiency are difficult to understand.

Toward noted in his 1990 paper, The Effects of Recycling on Paper

Quality that a few examinations concerning the impacts of reusing started in the

late 1960s. That exploration concentrated on building up the circumstances and

end results connections that prompt negative effects of reusing papers.

Foreign Studies

According to the article written by Müller, Lothar (2014) stated that there

are three categories of paper that can be used as feedstocks for making recycled

paper: mill broke, pre-consumer waste, and post-consumer waste. Mill broke is

paper trimmings and other paper scrap from the manufacture of paper, and is

recycled in a paper mill. Pre-consumer waste is a material which left the paper

mill but was discarded before it was ready for consumer use. Post-consumer

waste is material discarded after consumer use, such as old corrugated

containers (OCC), old magazines, and newspapers. Paper suitable for recycling

is called "scrap paper", often used to produce molded pulp packaging.

Local Literature

According to the study of Parayno and Busmente (2005), one of the

benefits of recycling paper is that it saves thousands of liters of water and

electricity which is 28- 70 percent less energy usage than the virgin paper. It is

due to the fact that energy is greatly consumed in the process pulping to turning

the wood into paper.

According to Pratima Bajpai (2014), recycled paper is better for the

environment than virgin paper. It surely helps to preserve forests, because it

reduces demand for wood. It conserves resources and generates less pollution

during manufacturing, because the fibers have already been processed once.

And it reduces solid waste, because it diverts usable paper from the waste

stream. Rigorous scientific research supports the benefits of recycled paper, and
government agencies, environmental groups and many other large purchasers

have adopted policies mandating its use.

B. Lavender Scent

Foreign Literature

According to Bowman (2016) during Ancient Egypt, lavender became a

bath additive in several regions, including Persia, ancient Greece, and Rome.

These cultures believed that lavender helped purify the body and mind. Since

Ancient times, lavender has been used to treat many different illnesses,

including: mental health issues, anxiety, insomnia, depression, headaches, hair

loss, nausea, acne, toothaches, skin irritations cancer. Lavender is a

multipurpose plant. People use lavender in many ways to promote good health

and well-being. Lavender is most commonly used in aromatherapy. The

fragrance from the oils of the lavender plant is believed to help promote

calmness and wellness. It’s also said to help reduce stress, anxiety, and possibly

even mild pain.

Foreign Studies

Research published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience shows for the

first time that the vaporized lavender compound linalool must be smelt -- not

absorbed in the lungs- to exert its calming effects, which could be used to relieve

preoperative stress and anxiety disorders. Kashiwadani (2018) in folk medicine, it

has long been believed that odorous compounds derived from plant extracts can

relieve anxiety,
Local Literature

According to the Medical News (2019), lavender oil is believed to have

antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, which can help to heal minor burns

and bug bites. Research suggests that it may be useful for treating

anxiety, insomnia, depression, and restlessness. In addition to helping with

digestive problems, lavender is used to help relieve pain from headaches,

sprains, toothaches, and sores. It can also be used to prevent hair loss.

Lavender is most commonly used in aromatherapy. The fragrance from the oils

of the lavender plant is believed to help promote calmness and wellness.

Local Studies

Aromatherapy is a popular form of alternative therapy used for a wide

variety of illness, and is especially popular for its non-invasive and accessible

nature (Chen, Fang, & Fang, 2015). Through aroma inhalation, aromatic

molecules pass through the lining of the nasal cavity. These aromatic molecules

have the ability to affect the hypothalamus, autonomic nervous system and

endocrine system. These molecules can decrease stress, promote blood

circulation, regulate heart rate and blood pressure, and improve hormonal

coordination (Huang, Fang, & Fang, 2014).

C. Packaging

Foreign Studies

Based Global Perfume Packaging Market Research Report (2020)

locales, worldwide fragrance bundling market is portioned as North America,

Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of the World (Column). Europe and North America

commands the worldwide fragrance bundling market. Fragrances are

exceptionally requesting in Europe and North America. Rich living is driving the

development of the market in both Europe and North America locale. Asia-Pacific

is relied upon to be the quickest developing locale in worldwide aroma bundling

market. Increment in shopper spending and improving expectations for everyday

comforts are additionally driving the development of the market in Asia-Pacific

district. Nations, for example, India, China, Malaysia, and Singapore are required

to observe critical development during the conjecture time frame.

Worldwide fragrance bundling market has been portioned dependent on

aroma type, bundling material and district. Based on aroma type, the market is

portioned into natural scents and manufactured aromas. Natural scents are

produced using 100% normally sourced fixings, for the most part plant-based,

and are removed without concoction mediation. An engineered scent is made

principally with counterfeit mixes and materials. Interests for natural scents are

higher than manufactured fragrances because of the expansion in wellbeing

clients.

Based on bundling material, the market is divided into glass, plastic, metal

and paper. Glass material commands the bundling material portion of the
worldwide aroma bundling market. Properties, for example, impermeable and

nonporous make it artificially inactive with the synthetic synthesis of the

fragrances. Thus it is favored by numerous organizations for the bundling of

scents. Plastic material is normal to be the quickest developing material portion

in worldwide fragrance bundling market. Properties, for example, light weight and

simple to form, pull in the sellers to utilize plastic as a bundling material.

D. Oil-Based Perfume

Foreign Literature

Based on Gilles Chaix (2016), essential oil is a valuable ingredient that

has long been used in the perfume and cosmetic industries. The main rosewood

timber quality parameters are its essential oil yield and quality. A hydro distillation

method has been developed for yield determination, but it is time consuming.

Here we tested the applicability of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for

determining essential oil yield directly from wood powder. Essential oil from 139

wood powders was extracted via hydro distillation. The measurements were

based on the ratio between the extracted essential oil mass and the oven-dried

wood mass and were correlated with the wood powder NIR spectra. The

calibration model statistical findings demonstrated that NIR could be a fast and

feasible alternative method for selecting trees with a high essential oil yield

potential. NIR-based predictions obtained in an independent validation set

indicated a high correlation (r2 = 0.92) with laboratory essential oil yield

measurements. This NIR model could help wood managers in selecting trees
with a high essential oil yield potential and in developing sustainable rosewood

management strategies.

According to Kusuma, H.S. and * Mahfud, M (2016), Sandalwood and its

oil, is one of the oldest known perfume materials and has a long history (more

than 4000 years) of use as mentioned in Sanskrit manuscripts. Sandalwood oil

plays an important role as an export commodity in many countries and its widely

used in the food, perfumery and pharmaceuticals industries. The aim of this

study is to know and verify the kinetics and mechanism of microwave-assisted

hydro distillation of sandalwood based on a second-order model. In this study,

microwave-assisted hydro distillation is used to extract essential oils from

sandalwood. The extraction was carried out in ten extraction cycles of 15 min to

2.5 hours. The initial extraction rate, the extraction capacity and the second-order

extraction rate constant were calculated using the model. Kinetics of oil

extraction from sandalwood by microwave-assisted hydro distillation proved that

the extraction process was based on the second-order extraction model as the

experimentally done in three different steps. The initial extraction rate, h, was

0.0232 g L-1 min-1, the extraction capacity, CS, was 0.6015 g L-1, the second-

order extraction rate constant, k, was 0.0642 L g-1 min-1 and coefficient of

determination, R2, was 0.9597.cosmetics

Foreign Studies

As indicated in the studies of Miastkowska Matgorzat (2018) , Alcohol-

based aromas, e.g., eau de parfum, eau de toilette, eau de cologne or au fraiche,

are the most well-known sort of scent items accessible available. There are
additionally liquor free scent items, for the most part as strong or oil aroma. From

the purchasers' perspective, such perfumery items are of intrigue; in this way,

searching for new arrangements is as yet fascinating. Nano emulsions are liquid,

kinetically stable colloidal dispersions, consisting of an aqueous phase, an oil

phase and a surfactant, with or without a co-surfactant. They are transparent, not

greasy, easy to spray and spread. Additionally, they show capacity to protect

fragrances from oxidation. The development of a water-based perfumes in the

form of stable Nano emulsions containing fragrance compositions (in the range of

5–15%), stabilized by nonionic surfactants, allows to create safe products for a

wider group of consumers, including children, adolescents and people with

sensitive skin. In this article, an application of Nano emulsions as a potential form

of perfumery products was described.

As stated by the study of Elzbieta Sikora (2018) , one of the alternatives

to alcoholic solutions are oil-based perfumes. For their production, virtually any

neutral oil can be combined with even the least intense fragrance. Oil as a carrier

of aromatic substances cannot mask or distort the scent of the designed

fragrance composition. The most commonly used oils are jojoba oil or

fractionated coconut oil. The essential advantage of oil-based perfumes is that

they do not dry out the skin like alcohol solutions. Quite the opposite, oil-based

products moisturize the skin and improve the fragrance longevity. This type of

product is commonly known as “skin scents”, and the body temperature allows

the scent to be released gradually. It is estimated that the scent of oil-based

perfumes lasts for 6–15 h, while those based on alcohol last for about 3 h. The

fragrance concentration in oil products is quite high, usually around 20%.

Moreover, according to Elwira Lason there is another type of perfume in

which fatty substances play an essential role as aroma carriers are so called

“solid perfumes”. Solid perfumes occur in the form of emulsions, gels and

pomades. Various types of waxes, which are melted and mixed with oils to obtain

a homogeneous fat base, are responsible for its consistency. Most often, solid

perfumes are sold in the form of a stick or mass pressed into a thimble and, in

opposite to classical spray able perfumes, they are applied to the skin by

rubbing. They tend to deliver richer, deeper notes which are released slowly.

Solid perfumes are most often used as a complementary scent to classic

fragrance products. The main disadvantage of this form of perfumes is the

method of their application. Solid perfumes are applied directly to the skin,

causing a risk of greasy clothes, and cannot be sprayed on skin.

As per Ambre (2019), aroma oils are (as of now) less famous than splash

on scents, their fame is rising rapidly. Oils are increasingly thought with less filler,

adhere to your skin longer and don't contain getting dried out synthetic

concoctions. When you splash on a liquor based aroma, do you know what

synthetic concoctions your skin is engrossing? Scents and colognes are stacked

with engineered synthetic compounds that have been connected to disease,

conceptive danger and sensitivities. With regular oils, you know it all that your

skin is retaining is sheltered and appropriate for most skin types. Dry skin makes

some hard memories clutching aroma, so when you use scent oils your skin gets
saturated as well as the oils help with holding the fragrance on the skin for more.

Oil-based aromas are normally known as "skin fragrances" since as your internal

heat level progressively expands, the oils and fragrances start to become more

grounded. You and just those near you will encounter the charming, common

smells, not leaving a path of scent behind you like conventional aromas and

colognes.

Conceptual Framework

This study aims to determine the Marketability of Lavender PaPerfume.

Figure 1 shows the interplay of the variables on the input, throughput, and output

of the PaPerfume.

INPUT OUTPUT
Essential Oil (Lavander) Perfume in a Paper
Olive Oil/ Palm Oil (PaPerfume)
Paper

PROCESS
Mixing
Soaking
Drying

Figure 1. Research Paradigm of the study showing the relationship between the
input, output and the process on the marketability of lavender paperfume.
Statement of the Problem

The study attempts to evaluate the Marketability of the Lavender

PaPerfume. Especially this sought to answer the following questions:

1. What advantages does the Lavender PaPerfume in terms of:

1.1. Fragrance;

1.2. Packaging;

1.3. Cost;

1.4. Fragrance concentration; and

1.5. Uniqueness?

3. Is there any significant difference among the level of absorption of oil-based

perfume in the different types of paper?

4. Is there any significant relationship among the level of fragrance concentration

and the application method of the PaPerfume?

5. Is there a significant relationship between the type of oil used and the transfer

of scent to fabric?

Hypothesis

These are the following null hypothesis of this research study.

1. There is no significant difference among the level of absorption of oil-based

perfume in the different types of paper.

2. There is no significant relationship between the level of fragrance

concentration and the application method of the PaPerfume.

3. There is no significant relationship between the type of oil used and the

transfer of scent to fabric.

Purpose of the Study

The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the marketability of

PaPerfume with it being the first ever perfume in a paper means it is a critical

thing on how would consumer market react towards the effectiveness of the

product including its fragrance, packaging and lasting-period.

The researchers would also like to assess the impact of this product

innovation with regards to the paper waste production at Siniloan Integrated

National High School as well as an investigation in the environmental

sustainability of any recycling process. Since paper waste is the second most

produced solid waste, next to kitchen waste, the Philippine paper industry is still

largely a net importer of waste paper products as its primary raw material.

Significance of the Study

The findings of this study will contribute to the vast knowledge regarding

the benefits of using paper in as a perfume, for this study contains information

that have not been explored over by previous researchers. The results of this

study will beneficial to the following benefactors:

 National Solid Waste Management Commission. The result of this

research will help the concerned department in combatting the problem in paper

waste production and will provide further improvement on the implementation on

different recycling methods.

Community. The result of the research will raise awareness of the proper

disposal of paper waste for recycling purposes.

Entrepreneur. The result of the research will be a great opportunity for a

small and medium entrepreneur to start up a business and generate additional

income.

Consumer Market. The result of this research will give a new kind of

experience with the innovation of more handy and long-lasting perfume in a

paper.

Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O). The result of

the research will provide additional environmental project and can be used to

raise funds for the organization.

Future Researcher. This research would help other researchers on their

future studies. The result can be a reference for their study about the

Marketability of the PaPerfume and its response in the paper waste production.
Scope and Limitations

This study focuses on the advantage of the PaPerfume and its effect on

lessening the paper waste production of the community. The properties of this

product innovation are an improvement of the current available in the market.

Moreover, we researchers are concerned to the factors that may affect the

overall capabilities of the perfume with the said materials. The main source of

data will be the survey questionnaire prepared by the research.

The researchers can’t generalize the study, since this study is just

innovation on something that already exists.

However, there might be some study that almost identical to our research

that we could use as preference of our product innovation.

Definition of terms

Drying. The process of removing the moisture or excess moisture; not

moist; not wet

Lavender essential oil. The most popular and versatile essential oils

used in aromatherapy. Distilled from the plant Lavandula angustifolia, the oil

promotes relaxation and believed to treat anxiety, fungal infections, allergies,

depression, insomnia, eczema, nausea, and menstrual cramps.

Mixing.The process of combining or putting things together to form one

substance or mass.
 Olive oil. A liquid fat obtained from olives, a traditional tree crop of the

Mediterranean Basin. The oil is produced by pressing whole olives. It is

commonly used in cooking, for frying foods or as a salad dressing.

Palm oil. An edible vegetable oil derived from the mesocarp of the fruit of

the oil palms, primarily the African oil palm Elaeis guineensis, and to a lesser

extent from the American oil palm Elaeis oleifera and the maripa palm Attalea

maripa.

Paper. A thin material produced by pressing together moist fibers of

cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible

sheets. It is a versatile material with many uses, including writing, printing,

packaging, cleaning, decorating, and a number of industrial and construction

processes.

Soaking. An act of wetting something thoroughly.