EFFECTS OF COFFEE ON PERSON’S PRODUCTIVITY AND PERFORMANCE

Review of Related Literatures (RRL’s)

1. According to Jones (2017), coffee contains caffeine that stimulates people’s central nervous
system that improved people’s concentration, energy, alertness, awakeness and attention. It can
improve one’s focus and can help retain the information that student’s need when taking their
exams. However, taking a lot of caffeine can increase heart rate and anxiety at the same time.
That’s why it is advisable to take the caffeine for about 30 to 400mg per day. With this, students
can focus more because it will increase their cognitive performance. Caffeine can also make
students awake for many hours and can also help them focus at night but students should avoid
drinking coffee that has a lot of sugar and syrup in it because it can leave you tired or exhausted
and drained mentally.
Jones, S. (2017). How Does Drinking Coffee Affect Student’s Performance on Tests? Retrieved
November 3, 2020, from Noplag.com website: https://blog.noplag.com/how-does-
drinking-coffee-affect-student-s-performance-on-tests/

2. The article talks about how the author gains interest in exploring about the effects of coffee in
our body. The author talked about how caffeine works first. According to Martin (2014) caffeine
can block adenosine intake that causes the nervous system to sleep by going into the A1 receptor
without activating. The stimulating is not done by the caffeine instead; it blocks the adenosine
that makes people sleepy. About the effect of caffeine in person’s productivity, it may or not
affect the person’s productivity. According to the author, there is no concrete answer about the
effect of the coffee based on personal productivity. The effectiveness of caffeine depends to
people’s age, weight, dosage and the time of the day. Small amount of caffeine can make you
feel energized but with consuming it too much, there’s a probability that people can suffer from
upset stomach or even heart palpitations. Martin advised coffee drinkers to take it slow for them
to have an insight about the amount of coffee they should take.
Martin, T. (2014, November 20). How Coffee and Caffeine Actually Affect Your Productivity.
Retrieved November 3, 2020, from Ambition & Balance website:
https://blog.doist.com/coffee-productivity/

3. According to Hoffmann (2020), Caffeine does a lot of things in our body. Caffeine being
useful in sports drinks and protein bars were also mentioned in the article and that it can help
people suffering from headaches or drowsiness. It was also stated that Caffeine can become
addictive to the point that when some people stop taking it, they will tend to experience
headaches a lot of times because the body is not used having no caffeine in its system.
Furthermore, the journal also said that caffeine can increase one’s productivity especially
because it makes the consumer more alert and energetic than usual.
Hoffmann, J. (2020). Project Finance & Project Financial Modelling. Retrieved November 3,
2020, from Economicjournal.co.uk website:
https://www.economicjournal.co.uk/2020/02/coffee-and-productivity/
‌

4. According to Frisch (2015), for many of us, coffee serves as a regular wake-up call that allows
us to manage our lives. Caffeine blocks adenosine receptors in our brain, and now our brain no
longer feels it's sleepy with the receptors blocked. You will increase the concentration by sipping
coffee when a student wants to focus on a critical assignment at school or work. Your brain is
going to snap to attention, allowing you to plow through basic tasks or solve the most difficult
problems of the day. Some claim that while the alertness it fosters prevents the mind from
wandering, coffee puts a damper on innovation. And for imaginative, out-of-the-box thought, a
dreamy, wandering mind is always conducive. Coffee will make your learning time more
efficient, whether you're preparing for an exam or attempting to master new lesson.

Frisch, S. (2017, May 12). Coffee at Work: 3 Scientific Links Between Coffee & Productivity.
Retrieved November 2, 2020, from https://redbooth.com/blog/coffee-and-productivity-at-
work

5. The study of Bautista (2015), it states that in order to maintain a balance between homework,
extracurriculars and social activities, many students deprive themselves of sleep. In order to keep
up with all of these obligations and prosper academically, students need to be alert and attentive.
A lot of students drink coffee because of the caffeine that drives away the fatigue and allows
students to pay better attention in class. It is also stated that the  researchers at Seoul National
University discovered that merely being exposed to the aroma of coffee reduces the effects of
sleep deprivation. Furthermore, drinking coffee does not only makes us more alert, but it can also
increase our intelligence.

Bautista, K. (2015, November 9). Selling coffee at school would increase student productivity.
Retrieved November 2, 2020, from https://chscourier.com/opinions/2015/11/09/selling-
coffee-at-school-would-increase-student-productivity/

6. According to the study of Jones (2017), studying for classes and exams can be very
challenging on the mental and physical well-being. Most of the time, a student may be studying
for an exams or lessons at the same time. As a result, many students consume coffee and other
caffeinated drinks to keep them awake and attentive while they try to study, learn and retain as
much lessons as possible.  It can help improve their mood, modestly improve our memory, and
help them stay more active when they are starting to feel a bit tired or worn out from the hours of
studying. It is also stated that if too much consumption, they can experience the jitters, nausea,
tiredness, and it may interfere with sleep. If they cannot fall asleep before an exam or class then
coffee may actually hinder their performance resulting in lower grades.

Jones, S. (2017, October 31). Coffee: Will it Help Your Grades? Retrieved November 2, 2020,
from https://www.universitylanguage.com/blog/academics/studying-and-coffee-will-it-
help-your-grades-improve/
7. According to easyprojects, over 50% of US population drinks coffee every day, with an
average of 3 cups a day. Caffeine in coffee can possibly help a person enhance his/her senses,
but the effects depend with each person. Getting back to productivity, while caffeine can give
some people a productivity boost, it doesn’t mean that other people can’t get the same level of
productivity without it. Even so, after you drink 2 cups of coffee, another cup isn’t going to
accomplish much. In fact, it may have an opposite effect in most cases like headache,
disturbance, lack of affection etc.

Does coffee improve productivity? Can it possibly be... BAD? (n.d.). Retrieved
November 02, 2020, from https://www.google.com/amp/s/explore.easyprojects.net/blog/does-
coffee-improve-productivity-or-is-it-just-a-fairy-tale-to-drive-the-coffee-market-can-it-possibly-
be-bad/amp

8. According to Yurii Brown, a certified barista, there are many effects of caffeine on students:
POSITIVE and NEGATIVE EFFECTS. One of the positive effects is coffee can play an
important role when it comes to preparing for your studies (for instance, an important exam).
Caffeine is able to improve your mood and mindset, make you more alert and attentive, and even
improve your memory. One of the negative effects of caffeine in the students is, it can mess up
our sleep cycles. While coffee can us awake, nothing can substitute for a healthy sleep. Doctors
recommend getting at least 7hrs every night. This might seem like a waste of your precious time,
but look at it this way: when you get enough sleep, you feel better and your brain works better
too. This means you can study better.

Yurii BrownMy name is Yurii Brown. I am a passionate coffee geek and. (2020, July 21).
The Real Effects of Caffeine on Students' Performance. Retrieved November 02, 2020, from
https://coffeegeeklab.com/effects-of-caffeine-on-students-performance/

9. According to Ms. Edna Francis who posted in a site called world.edu, most nutrition experts
recommend that drinking 3-4 cups of coffee per day is sufficient for a productive day. But what
about students? Will staying up late at night with the help of coffee improve their studies or
would they be groggy the next morning as an after effect of staying up all night? And does coffee
really help concentration and memory skills? Some of the benefits of coffee for students is it
enhances short term memory, improves focus and concentration, improves mood and many
more.

Is coffee good for studying? (2017, August 02). Retrieved November 02, 2020, from
https://world.edu/coffee-good-studying
10. In the study of Professor Peter Rogers, Professor of Biological Psychology, University of
Bristol, UK (2017), caffeine has an effect on alertness and improves the physical performances.
He said that caffeine improves the speed of physical movements, and performance effects are
mostly discussed in relation to athletes. He also discussed that the tolerance develops base on the
coffee consumption, but the degree of tolerance varies, with near-complete tolerance to
caffeine’s alerting effect and little or no tolerance to its effect on physical performance. In his
study, Rogers (2017) included whether the productivity or wellbeing benefits of taking a coffee
break are associated with simply taking a break from work, with consuming a cup of coffee, or
the two combined.

Rogers, P. (2017, October 5). Coffee, productivity, and cognitive function at work.
Coffee and Health. https://www.coffeeandhealth.org/2017/10/coffee-productivity-cognitive-
function-work/

11. DeMers (2017) stated that the consumption of coffee is shown to improve memory and
cognitive function. He included that when the coffee was mixed with sugar, it improve the
cognitive performance in terms of sustained attentional working memory. Coffee can help to
mitigate the effect tiredness which is being less alert and less focused, because it boosts the
physical performances. Coffee could also reduce headaches and other points of soreness that can
interfere with work. Coffee stimulates the release of dopamine; it improves the mood and helps
to stabilize emotions to feel better throughout the work day. However, DeMers (2017) also added
the coffee’s productivity-halting side effects, which are ruining the sleep schedule, increase your
anxiety and create a physical addiction.

DeMers, J. (2017, June 12). Is Caffeine Boosting or Sabotaging Your Productivity?

Entrepreneur. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/295232

12. According to Harvard Health Publishing (2012) caffeine is considered as the most commonly
consumed psychoactive drugs in the world. They stated that caffeine probably has a multiple
targets in the brain, but the main one seems to be adenosine receptors. Adenosine is a brain
chemical that dampens brain activity. By hogging adenosine's receptors, caffeine sets off the
chains of events affecting the activity of dopamine, which is another important brain chemical,
and the other areas of the brain involving the arousal, pleasure, and thinking. The effect of
caffeine is not just inside the brain, but also the outside. Caffeine can be a performance enhancer,
boosting the strength of muscle contraction and offsetting some of the physiological and
psychological effects of physical exertion.

Harvard Health Publishing. (2012, January). What is it about coffee? - Harvard Health.
Harvard Health; Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/what-is-it-
about-coffee

13. Mood and energy levels are affected when one drink a moderate amount of coffee, which is
connected to increased productivity (TotalJobs, 2020). Deans (2020) stated that drinking coffee
bears positive results in one’s mood, memory, alertness, well-being, and energy. All those traits
have positive impact on productivity in the workplace. Caffeine blocks the brain receptors which
cause drowsiness, according to Deans (2020). These adenosine receptors are unable to bind, so
we become less drowsy as a result. Caffeine also encourages the production of dopamine, which
strengthens us by keeping our blood flowing quicker. A couple hours after waking up, the perfect
time to have coffee is. First thing in the morning, our bodies develop cortisol that serves to wake
us up and reduce the effects of caffeine.

Does your morning coffee make you more productive? (2020, May 04). Retrieved
November 03, 2020, from https://www.totaljobs.com/advice/does-your-morning-coffee-make-
you-more-productive?
fbclid=IwAR0UZXwZDWJulQR7E1hwE53eg83CJTzDWYYrmED8Z1bCN4Nm3nrwIXp0kIA

14. According to Gaskell (2018), coffee, irrespective of where it is consumed, may have a range
of advantages. A research released in 2013, for example, investigated the effect caffeine has on
how we think. The conclusion was that when we want to concentrate on a job, caffeine can be
great, but if we want to be creative, this laser focus can deter our mind from pursuing fresh and
divergent ideas. In another recently published report, this focusing effect was also reported,
which showed that serving coffee in meetings can concentrate the discussions, while also
boosting participant engagement and generally raising satisfaction with the meeting 's progress.
The authors found that much of the studies on the influence of coffee on our success
concentrated on the individual, so they decided to explore whether comparable impacts on group
performance could be seen. It occurred that individuals who drank coffee prior to their meeting
were effusive in their support for the success on both their own and the classes.

Gaskell, A. (2018, June 26). Is Coffee A Productivity Super Drug? Retrieved November
03, 2020, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/adigaskell/2018/06/26/is-coffee-a-productivity-
super-drug/?
fbclid=IwAR1WZooSiXw2gZTpBPkq8t5KXbjCuf3m9IEe5Qx_eeLOMyCLEmJKe_64_CI

15. One of the most common stimulants commonly found in many domestic goods is caffeine.
Caffeinated coffee keeps individuals awake and gives a lift to their central nervous systems that
helps make them active all day long (Macintosh, n.d). The coffee break is an innovation of the
20th century, which became more popular after the Second World War. A 2010 research at MIT
reported that workers who take coffee breaks together display an average increase in their
productivity. These breaks provide a space within which both personal and work-related
interactions can be shared by workers. Allowing workers to take these breaks together indicated
a boost in overall results. The proverbial coffee pot has taken the function of the workplace water
cooler over the last 30 years. In an office environment, becoming a coffee drinker makes for
more social contact and can improve productivity. More specifically, with their careers, coffee
drinkers at work seem to be healthier.

MacIntosh, N. (n.d.). Coffee holds a great power over modern society and, especially,
over the modern worker. Here are eight compelling reasons to embrace our java overlord.
Retrieved November 03, 2020, from https://www.monster.ca/career-advice/article/why-coffee-
increases-productivity-ca?
fbclid=IwAR0hoC6W8xWM3poEo4Nilqv0TJCuIAubrTX_O_rBSLDcZjJODQmWH0JwtZg
 Related Studies (RS)

1. The research led by Adriana Madzharov from the Stevens Institute of Technology (2018) was
about how the scent of coffee can affect student’s analytical tasks and can improved their
performance. To experiment the study, the researchers prepared a 10-questions GMAT algebra
test to the 100 undergraduate business students which were also divided into two groups. One
group answered the test in the place where there is an ambient coffee-like scent while the other
group took it in the unscented room. The researchers found out that the students who took the
test in the room with a coffee-like scent scored higher. However, the researchers wanted to know
better by conducting a follow up survey to the new 200 participants about coffee scents and their
effect on human performance. Most participants said that they would feel much energetic and
alert with the present of coffee scent and that it increases their performance when it comes to
mental tasks. The results of the researcher’s study conclude that that coffee has an effect when it
comes to the student’s performance just by the scent of it.

Stevens Institute of Technology. (2018, July 17). The scent of coffee appears to boost
performance in math: Smelling a coffee-like scent, which has no caffeine in it, creates an
expectation for students that they will perform better on tests. ScienceDaily. Retrieved
November 2, 2020 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/07/180717125836.htm

2. As stated by Berg (2011), consumption of caffeine is widespread, but few studies have
explored how people's perceptions of caffeine contribute to the results they encounter after
consuming it. It explores how the consumption of caffeine and the assumptions of students on
how caffeine typically affects them and influences their decisions on the consumption of caffeine
and their success on memory and attention tests. Students would compete on memory and
attention tests for the best results, participants would have a choice between a high caffeine (80
mg), moderate caffeine (35 mg), or no caffeine drink. They were then told that either the high
caffeine (80 mg) or no caffeine drink had been allocated randomly to consume, although both
drinks were actually caffeine-free. The output of memory and attention tasks was not necessarily
affected by the caffeine perceptions of students and the drink they thought they were drinking.

Berg, K. (2011). What Do You Expect? : An Investigation of How Caffeine What Do You

Expect? : An Investigation of How Caffeine Expectancies Affect College Students’
Cognitive Performances. Retrieved November 2, 2020. from
https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1126&context=ugtheses

3. According to study about the effects of caffeine cognitive, physical and occupational
performance, it exerts its effects by blocking adenosine receptors. Many occupations, including
military, first responders, transport workers and factory shift workers, require optimal physical
and cognitive function to ensure success, workplace safety and productivity. In these
circumstances, that may include restricted sleep, repeated administration of caffeine is an
effective strategy to maintain physical and cognitive capabilities.
McLellan, T., Caldwell, J., & Lieberman, H. (2016, September 06). A review of
caffeine's effects on cognitive, physical and occupational performance. Retrieved November 02,
2020, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763416300690

4. According to Penetar, et al., (1994), caffeine is effective in reversing the performance

degradations and the alteration in the mood and alertness produced by periods of prolonged sleep
deprivation. They stated that large dosage of caffeine has a great impact in terms of improving a
variety of cognitive performances in sleep deprived individuals. Since sleep deprivation alters
mood and degrades alertness, the study shows that caffeine has a beneficial effects in revising
mood changes, whereas sleepiness and confusion was declined, but increasing of energy and
confidence level where shown. Although there were increased ratings of anxiety and jitteriness
or nervousness, these effects were not severe and did not elicit complaints from the subjects. In
the study, they show that the relatively high doses of caffeine are well tolerated by sleep-
deprived individuals and that its effects are similar to those found in other studies in non-sleep-
deprived subjects given lower doses than those used in the present study.
Penetar, D. M., McCann, U., Thorne, D., Schelling, A., Galinsky, C., Sing, H., . . .
Belenky, G. (1994). Effects of Caffeine on Cognitive Performance, Mood, and Alertness in
Sleep-Deprived Humans. In B. M. Marriot, Food Components to Enhance Performance (p. 20).
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US). Retrieved november 03, 2020, from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK209050/

5. A research study conducted by Gabrish (2017), confirmed that those consuming caffeine
obtained significantly less hours of sleep each night in undergraduate students compared to
students reporting no intake of caffeine, especially among those consuming non-caffeine versus
those consuming high levels of caffeine (500-570 mg caffeine / day). The GPA was slightly
higher for non-caffeine users than for caffeine consumers. In terms of caffeine consumption and
lack of sleep, these findings pose a concern with existing college activities. Since caffeine is
frequently used in the academic activity by college students, education is required not only on
the adverse side effects of caffeine use, but also on its impact on sleep and hence on academic
performance.

Gabrish, D. L. (2017, May). CAFFEINE USE, HOURS OF SLEEP, AND ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADUATE COLLEGE STUDENTS. Retrieved November 03,
2020, from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?
accession=kent1492109146480732&disposition=inline&fbclid=IwAR0anFB_rzpEJB
wN2nuS0b8NzkL_4GGjS6lTDH8VC9UxFCczugg_qRARRwk