ISSUE IN CLIMATE CHANGE

(Explanation)

Climate changeis any significant long-term changes in the expected patterns of average
weather of region(or the whole Earth) over a significant period of time. Climate Change is about
abnormal variations to the climate, and the effects of these variations on other parts of the
Earth.
Climate change itoungpagbabagongklimasaibatibang region sa buong mundo. Ang
pagbabagong ito ay hindi kaagad napapansin o namemeasure dahil ito ay long term changes o
pang matagalangpagbabago.

Isa samgamalakingpagbabagosakilmasaatingpanahonang “Global Warming”.

Anongabaang global warming?. Ito yung mabagal na pagtaasng heat rate o average
temperature sa earth’s atmosphere. Dahil sa pagtaas ng init na tumatama saating atmosphere
na galing sa arawa’y natatrap sa ating atmosphere at hindi nararadiated palabas ng kalawakan.

Ang global warming ay isa sa malaking problema na kinakaharap ng ating panahon dahil
sa basura, usok, polusyon at iba pa na gawang mga tao ay naapektuhan ang klimang ating
mundo. Pano nga ba nakakaapekto ito?.Halimbawa nalang sapolusyon, ang usok ng sasakyan,
factory, pagsiganghalaman o kahoy, o iba pa ang usok nito ay umaangat sa ating atmosphere at
nasstock doon at nagiging sanhi ng pagkabutas ng ozone layer ng mundo.

Heatwave

A heat wave is usually measured relative to the usual weather in the area and relative to normal
temperatures for the season. It is a extreme hot weather that we experience not only in the morning but
as well as in the evening. The heat that usually hits us at night is above-average to the point that we feel
like were being put in a huge oven. Minsan may mga kasama din itong hamog na sinasabing high-
humidity especially sa mga oceanic climate country katulad sa bansang France, Netherlands, Denmark,
Belgium and North Coast of Spain.

Isa sa mga crisis na kinakaharap sa Heatwave is number of death. Itinala sa 2019 death poll na itatayang
nasa 150 M na ang death rate sa buong mundo. Kabilang ang mga sumusunod na mga bansa: US, India,
Japan, Netherlands, at France.

El Niño

An irregularly occurring and complex series of climatic changes affecting the equatorial Pacific
region and beyond every few years, characterized by the appearance of unusually warm, nutrient-poor
water off northern Peru and Ecuador, typically in late December. Ang El niño ay isang abnormal weather
pattern na bungang pag-init sa bahaging Pacific Ocean. Nangyayari ito every limang taon pero minsan sa
pagitan ng tatlo hanggang pitong taon.
Isa sa mga crisis nanararanasan tuwing El Niño ay ang drought or mas kilala bilang tagtuyot kalaban
itong mga mangingisda at mga magsasaka. Malaking kawalan ito para sa industriyang agrikultura.

Water Shortage

Water scarcity can mean scarcity in availability due to physical shortage, or scarcity in access
due to the failure of institutions to ensure a regular supply or due to a lack of adequate infrastructure.
Isa sa mga crisis nadalang water scarcity ay mga sakit. Napapabilis nito ang pagkalat ng mga
communicable diseases sapagkat iilan lamang ang mga malilinis at nagagamit na water resources. Ilan sa
mga sakit na nakukuha dito ay malnutrition at malaria. Childhood diarrhoea is closely associated with
insufficient water supply, inadequate sanitation, water contaminated with communicable disease
agents, and poor hygiene practices.

Storm Surge

-Yung storm surge, eto yung one of the dangerous part ng isang hurricane or storm. Nangyayari sya pag
yung wind ng storm, pinupush nya yung ocean water sa land which is meron syang kasamang large
waves or big waves. Kapag nangyayari ito, yung water from normal level is pwedeng umabot up 9 ft. or
above which is pwede na siyang mag cover ng isang house, car, etc and pwede din syang magdulot ng
big destruction sa tao. Yung storm surge, eto yung ginagamit para malaman kung kailanganna bang mag
evacuate ng mga tao especially yung mga tao na nakatira sa tabing dagat.

Effects of Storm Surge

1. La Niña -Yung La Niña, etoyung counterpart ng El Niño. Kung yung El Niño is abnormal napag-
init, yung La Niña naman is abnormal napaglamig ng surface temperature ng Pacific Ocean. Yung La
Niña, isa siyang effect ng global warming which is nagdadala siya ng malalakas naulan at bagyo. Madalas
mangyari yung La Niña after ng El Niño which is yung effects nito is mas malamig yung hangin at mas
marami yung bagyo. Kaya kadalasan, mas malakiyung effect or destruction neto sa mga palayan kaya
may chance nabumabayung production natin ng bigas sa mga panahon na to.

2. Sea Level Rise -Kala nung iba, yung cause lang ng sea level rise is yung pagtunaw ng Artic Sea
Ice or yung mga Fresh water Glaciers which is wrong. Actually, yung pagtunaw ng mga land ice is
nakakapagcontribute ng 2/3 sa pag taas ng tubig sa dagat then yung 1/3 is because of thermal
expansion. Yung thermal expansion, nangyayari to kasi inaabsorb ng sea water yung init na nang
gagalingsa Earth, which is nagcacause ng pagexpand. Dati nung mga 1900's pa, yung pagtaas ng tubig sa
dagat is umaabot lang ng 5cm. Then habang tumatagal ng tumatagal padagdag siya ng padagdag which
is naging 20cm na not knowing na sa mga susunod pang taon, mas tumataas ng tumataas yung level nya
which is pwedeng umabot hanggang 1 meter. Syempre pagnangyari yon, mas malakiyung destruction.

3. Flood –Kapag yung land is suddenly get submerged in water, tawag don is flood. Yung mga
causes nito is heavy rains, river overflow,tsunami, hurricanes, or breaking of dams. Actually yung flood,
meron syang 3 categories. First is Slow on Set Floods. Yung Slow On-Set Floods, mabagal sya
magdevelop then tumatagal syang days or even weeks. Second is Rapid On-Set Floods. Dito naman,
tumatagal syang 1 day or 2 days pero mabagal din sya magdevelop kaya yung mga tao is may time pa
makapagevacuate or prepare. Last is yung Flashfloods.
Etoyungpinakadangeroussalahatkasitumatagallangsyang 2-6 hours or minsan, minuto lang. Kung sa
Rapid On-Set Floods is pwedeka pa magevacuate, ditosa Flashflood is hindikasiwala tong warnings then
biglaanlang tong nangyayari kaya mas malakiyung destruction netosatao.

4. Tsunami -Yung tsunami para lang syang storm surge pero dito,tumataas yung tubig sa ocean
because of extreme tension sa ilalim kaya yung tubig is natutulak pataas. Then natutulak sya pababa,
dahil naman sa gravity kaya yung mga waves ay nag-momove away syamuladoonsa point of tension. Sa
tsunami, yung destruction nya ay dahil sa yung waves is nagiincreased ng height then yung impact non
ay malakas ka pag yung waves ay nakarating na sa land surface. Yung isang tsunami,
pwedesyangmagtravelng approximately 500 miles per hour. Para na syang kasing bilis ng isang jet plane
kaya sobrang laking magiging destruction nito sa tao pagnagkataon.

WHY DID CLIMATE CHANGE HAPPEN?

It's because of Global Warming. Global warming can cause climate change. Global warming can cause
changes in climatic patterns, making extreme weather events such as typhoons, floods, droughts, heat
waves, etc. more frequent and more destructive.

CAUSES
• BURNING PLANET COAL, OIL AND GAS
The primary cause of global warming is human activity that releases carbon into the atmosphere,
most significantly the burning of fossil fuels to drive cars, generate electricity, and operate our homes
and businesses. The burning of fossil fuels releases large amount of carbon dioxide, a gas which
contributes to global warming.

• DEFORESTATION

Tropical deforestation, also by human hands, is another major contributor. When these forests are
burned, they release huge amounts of carbon into the atmosphere and in addition, because the forests
no longer exist, they are no longer available to absorb CO2.

• OVERPOPULATION
Over-population is the real cause of climate change – it's killing us all off. The basic belief that man
was put on this earth to dominate all other creatures is still widespread, despite unfolding evidence that
we are destroying the means of our survival. We are gradually realising that if we continue to kill off the
natural world, its demise will in turn kill us. The planet Earth is estimated to have resources that can
sustain one billion people, yet we currently have more than 7bn, all competing for land, food, water,
heat and shelter.
• USING NON-BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS
It is a waste which cannot be decomposed or degrade by the biological process and serve as a source
of pollution. Most of them include inorganic waste.
The microorganisms that break it down can cause disease and produce harmful gases. Non-
biodegradable materials are often synthetic products like plastic, glass and batteries. Because they don't
break down easily, if not disposed of properly, non-biodegradable waste can cause pollution, block
drains and harm animals. The non-biodegradable substances get accumulated and doesn't get
decomposed hence it remains in the ecosystem and causes pollution, chokes the system of many
animals and kill them. These substances due to accumulation cause water and soil pollution e.g.,
pesticides, detergents, polythene.

• GLACIERS, PERMAFROST AND SEA ICE ARE DISAPPEARING

Because of rising of the temperature, glaciers, permafrost and sea ice are disappearing, making sea
level to rise also.

• SEA LEVELS ARE RISING AND CORAL REEFS ARE DYING

Corals are so sensitive to rising sea temperatures that you can see their demise. When water is too
warm, corals enter a stress response and lose the symbiotic algae that give them their distinctive colors
—a process known as bleaching. If a coral is severely bleached, chances of disease and death increase.

Coral reefs are dying around the world. Damaging activities include coral mining, pollution (organic and
non-organic), overfishing, blast fishing, the digging of canals and access into islands and bays. Other
dangers include disease, destructive fishing practices and warming oceans.

• DISEASES
Impact of warmer and wetter climates
Mosquito-borne diseases are probably the greatest threat to humans as they include malaria,
elephantiasis, Rift Valley fever, yellow fever, and dengue fever. Studies are showing higher prevalence of
these diseases in areas that have experienced extreme flooding and drought.

Climate change will also affect infectious disease occurrence.” A number of diseases well known to be
climate-sensitive, such as malaria, dengue fever, West Nile virus, cholera and Lyme disease, are
expected to worsen as climate change results in higher temperatures and more extreme weather
events.

• BIODIVERSITY IMBALANCE
Climate change is also predicted to interact with other drivers of biodiversity change such as habitat
destruction and fragmentation, or the introduction of foreign species. These threats may possibly act in
synergy to increase extinction risk from that seen in periods of rapid climate change in the past.

Climate change is the shift or abnormal change in climate patterns. As the planet warms quickly, mostly
due to human activity, climate patterns in regions around the world will fluctuate. Ecosystems and
biodiversity will be forced to fluctuate along with the regional climate, and that could harm many
species.
Healthy ecosystems and rich biodiversity are fundamental to life on our planet. Climate change is
affecting the habitats of several species, which must either adapt or migrate to areas with more
favourable conditions. Even small changes in average temperatures can have a significant effect upon
ecosystems.