ZEBAR SCHOOL FOR CHILDREN

Class: IX Science Laboratory

Experiment 7 : Types of Reactions and Changes
Name: _______________________ Div: ____ Roll No: ____ Date:________
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Aim: To carry out the following chemical reactions and classify them as physical or chemical changes:
(i) Iron nail and copper sulphate solution in water (ii) burning of magnesium ribbon in air (iii)Zinc with
dilute sulphuric acid (iv) Heating of copper sulphate (v) sodium sulphate solution and barium chloride
in the form of their solutions in water.

Materials Required : a rack of clean test tube, fire tongs, Bunsen burner, test tube holder, iron nail,
copper sulphate solution, 10cm long magnesium ribbon, a small piece of granulated zinc, dilute
sulphuric acid , sodium sulphate solution, barium chloride solution.

Procedure :

(i) Iron with copper sulphate solution in water

Pour about 10mL of copper sulphate solution in the test tube. Drop a clean iron nail in the
solution and observe it after 5-10 minutes.

Observations :

copper sulphate solution is blue in colour. On placing the iron nail in it for 5 minutes or more,
the colour of the solution starts changing from blue to greenish blue and finally light green.
The iron nail gets coated with brownish red deposit of copper metal. Iron is more reactive than
copper and it displaces Cu from 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 solution, it shows displacement reaction.

Fe(s) + 𝑪𝒖𝑺𝑶𝟒 (𝒂𝒒) → 𝑭𝒆𝑺𝑶𝟒 (𝒂𝒒) + Cu(s)

(ii) Burning of magnesium ribbon in air.

Take a small piece of magnesium ribbon and clean it by rubbing with sandpaper then hold it with a pair
of tongs and burn on a Bunsen burner.

Observations : It burns with a dazzling white flame to forms white powdery mass of magnesium oxide.
Add MgO to a petri dish containing distilled water and test it with a litmus paper. Red litmus turns blue.
𝑀𝑔(𝑂𝐻)2 is basic in nature, it shows combination reaction.
∆
𝟐𝑴𝒈(𝒔) + 𝑶𝟐 (𝒈) → 𝟐𝑴𝒈 𝑶 (𝒔) + 𝑯𝒆𝒂𝒕

𝑴𝒈𝑶(𝒔) + 𝑯𝟐 𝑶 (𝒍) →𝑴𝒈(𝑶𝑯)𝟐 (𝒂𝒒)

Teacher : Binjal Shah Email id : binjal.shah@zebarschool.com

 (iii) Zinc with dilute sulphuric acid

Take 5 mL of dil. 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 solution in a test tube and add a zinc granules in it and observe it.

Observations : Reaction takes place, tiny bubbles and a gas is released that is hydrogen gas. Test
hydrogen gas by bringing a burning matchstick near the mouth of the test tube. Hydrogen gas burns with
a pop sound. It is a chemical change and shows displacement reaction with heat evolving out.

Zn (s)+ 𝑯𝟐 𝑺𝑶𝟒 (𝒂𝒒) → 𝒁𝒏𝑺𝑶𝟒 (𝒂𝒒) + 𝑯𝟐 (𝒈)

(iv)Experiment with copper sulphate on heating

Heat few copper sulphate crystals in a dry test tube on a Bunsen burner and observe it.

Observations : Water vapour comes out and condenses near the mouth of the test tube, Blue colour of
crystals fades and turns into white powder. 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4.5𝐻2 𝑂 loses water of crystallisation. After that take
small portion of white powder obtained in above reaction. Add water to it. White solid powder will turn
blue. Copper sulphate is hydrated.

On heating 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 .5𝐻2 𝑂 crystals

𝑪𝒖𝑺𝑶𝟒 .5𝑯𝟐 𝑶 → 𝑪𝒖𝑺𝑶𝟒 + 𝟓𝑯𝟐 𝑶

(Blue crystals) (White powdery mass) (steam)

On adding water to white powder of anhydrous copper sulphate

𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 (𝑠) + 5 𝐻2 𝑂 → 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4.5𝐻2 𝑂 (aq)

White solid Blue solution

(V) Experiment with sodium sulphate solution and barium chloride solution

Take 5 mL solution of sodium sulphate and 5 mL barium chloride and mix it in a test tube. Then allow
it to stand for some time.

Observations : A white precipitate is formed on keeping the test tube on standing for some time, two
layers of barium sulphate (white ppt. ) and colourless sodium chloride is obtained. It is a chemical
change and shows double displacement reaction.

𝐍𝐚𝟐 𝐒𝐎𝟒 (𝐚𝐪) + 𝐁𝐚𝐂𝐥𝟐 (𝐚𝐪) → 𝐁𝐚𝐒𝐎𝟒 (𝐬) + 𝟐𝐍𝐚𝐂𝐥 (𝐚𝐪)

White ppt.

Teacher : Binjal Shah Email id : binjal.shah@zebarschool.com