Heating and Ventilating Systems 25

Chapter 3

Heating and
Ventilating Systems

E •
ntering a steam or hot water boiler are the following:
Electrical Power
• Fuel (oil, gas, or coal)
• Combustion Air
• Chemical Treatment

Leaving a steam or hot water boiler are the following:

• Flue Gases
• Radiation Losses
• Blowdown
• Heating Medium — Steam or Hot Water
Typical Heating Medium Operating Temperatures
Steam Hot Water
250°F 170°F-200°F

HEATING SYSTEMS

For over 10,000 years, man has used fire to warm himself. In
the beginning, interior heating was just an open fire, but comfort
and health was greatly improved by finding a cave with a hole at
the top. Later, fires were contained in hearths or sunken beneath
the floor. Eventually, chimneys were added which made for better
heating, comfort, health, and safety and also allowed individuals
to have private rooms. Next, came stoves usually made of brick,
earthenware, or tile. In the 1700s, Benjamin Franklin improved the
stove, the first steam heating system was developed, and a fur-
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HVAC Fundamentals
Figure 3-1. Central HVAC System “Hot Water Heating”