Group 6:

● Rishabh Arora 2017B2A10638P

● Utkarsh Dixit 2017B1A10403P
● Rohan Marwah 2017B4A10840P
● Divyansh Joshi 2017B2A10689P
● Shirish Gupta 2017B4A10778P
● Shantanu Singh 2017B4A10755P

EXPERIMENT 7
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP CHARACTERISTICS

Objectives:
1. To study the operating characteristics of a centrifugal pump.
​

2. To study the operating characteristics of two centrifugal pumps operated in series and
parallel.
Data Required:

1.​ RPM
​ = 900

2.​ Initial point gauge reading at zero flow rate (​R1​ )

​ = 15.26 cm

3.​ Length of Pipe in series operation

​ = 3.2 m

4.​ Length of Pipe in parallel operation

​ = 2.6 m

5.​ Elevation
​ = 0.65 m

6.​ Diameter of the suction pipe

​ = 1"

7.​ Diameter of the discharge pipe

​ = 1"
8. tan ፀ = 4/3

1
Sample Calculation:
for V-Notch Calibration

V olume through the cross−section

1. Volumetric Flow Rate​ Q = T ime
= 0.001
6.44
= 0.00015528 m 3 /s
15Q 15*0.00015528
2. Coefficient of Discharge​ C D = (8tan(ፀ)√2g)h 2.5
= (8*1.333*√2*9.81)0.0328 2.5
= 0.253012838

for Pump in Series

((8tan(ፀ)√2g)h 2.5 )*C

1. Volumetric Flow Rate Q = 15
d
= 0.0008893363 m 3 /s
Kgf
2. Pressure​ P 1 = 0.1 cm 2 * 98066.5 = 9806.65 P a

3. Pressure P 2 = 3850 mm
wc * 9.8 = 37730 P a

4. Head Developed by the Pump

P 2−P V −V (37730) − (9806.65)
H= ρg
1
+ 2
2g
1
+ (Z 2 − Z 1 ) + h = 1000*9.81
+ 0 + 0.65 + 0
= 3.499321429 m
5. Power developed by the Pump
P f = Q * H * ρ * g = 0.0008893363 * 3.499321429 * 1000 * 9.8 = 30.49832035 W
P f 30.49832035
6. Efficiency​ η = P * 100% = 46 * 100% = 66.30069641%
B

for Pump in Parallel

((8tan(ፀ)√2g)h 2.5 )*C

1. Volumetric Flow Rate Q = 15
d
= 0.0000489222 m 3 /s
Kgf
2. Pressure P 1 = 0.1 cm 2 * 98066.5 = 9806.65 P a

3. Pressure P 2 = 3100 mm
wc * 9.8 = 30380 P a

4. Head Developed by the Pump

P 2−P V −V
H= ρg
1
+ 2
2g
1
+ (Z 2 − Z 1 ) + h
(30380) − (9806.65)
= 1000*9.81
+ 0 + 0.65 + 0 = 2.749321429 m

2
5. Power developed by the Pump
P f = Q * H * ρ * g = 0.0000489222 * 2.749321429 * 1000 * 9.8
= 1.318128907 W
P f 1.318128907
6. Efficiency​ η = P * 100% = 46 * 100% = 3.065416064%
B

3
Observation Table:

S.No Point gauge Head of V Vol" of water Time (Sec)

Reading(R2 Notch (ml)
) (cm) (R2-R1)
(cm)
1 18.54 3.28 1000 6.44
2 19.15 3.89 1000 3.99
3 19.94 4.68 1000 2.63
1

S.No Point Head of Gauge Pressure Reading Power

gauge V Notch of
Reading(R (R2-R1) pump
2) (cm) (cm) (watt)
P1 ( kgf/cm2) P4 (mm/wc)
1 21.8 6.54 0.1 3850 46
2 20.36 5.1 0.09 3500 47
3 20.51 5.25 0.08 3100 48
2

S.No Point Head of Gauge Pressure Reading Power

gauge V Notch of
Reading(R (R2-R1) pump
2) (cm) (cm) (watt)
P1( kgf/cm2) P4 (mm/wc)
1 17.31 2.05 0.1 3100 43
2 19.13 3.87 0.1 2500 44
3 20.06 4.8 0.1 2100 45
3

1
Observation table for v notch calculation
2
Observation table for pumps in series
3
Observation table for pumps in parallel

4
Calculation Table:

Volumetric flow Head of the

S No C​d
rate(m3/s) V-notch (m)
1 0.0001552795031 0.0328 0.2530128376
2 0.0002506265664 0.0389 0.266603677
3 0.0003802281369 0.0468 0.2547666948
avg C​d 0.2581277364
4

Power delivered
Volumetric flow Head developed
S No by the pump Efficiency (%)
rate(m3/s) by the pump(m)
(watt)
1 8.89E-04 3.499321429 30.50 66.30069641
2 4.78E-04 3.249389286 15.21 32.35765508
3 5.13E-04 2.949457143 14.84 30.92052263
5

Volumetric flow Head developed Power delivered

S No Efficiency
rate(m3/s) by the pump(m) by the pump
1 4.89E-05 2.749321429 1.32 3.07
2 2.40E-04 2.149321429 5.05 11.47
3 4.10E-04 1.749321429 7.04 15.64
6

4
Calculation table for head
5
Calculation table for pumps in series
6
Calculation table for pumps in parallel

5
Data Visualization:

6
7
Discussion and Data Analysis:
1. The average discharge coefficient was calculated to be 0.2581277364. This was used to
calculate flow rates for series and parallel pump connections.
2. The Head of the pump was found to decrease with increasing flow rate for Parallel pump
connection.While in Series connection,it first decreased and then increased.
a. Ideally the Head should decrease with increasing flow rate because as we
decrease the flow rate, pressure increases and Head increases.
b. The deviation in Series connection could be because of experimental and
instrumental and manual errors in taking the readings.
3. Power delivered to the fluid was found to increase with increasing flow rate for Parallel
connection while a little deviation was observed in Series connection.Parallel connection
varied ideally.
a. Since we know P f = Q * H * ρ * g .Thus it increases with increasing flow
rate(decrease in H is less than increase in the flow rate).
4. Power delivered to the pump increases with increasing flow rate in Parallel connection
while some deviation is observed in Series connection.
a. This behaviour can be explained by the fact that more power is required to pump
a greater flow rate of water.
P f
5. Efficiency increases with increase in flow rate.This is because η = P
and as P​f
B

increases with flow rate, η also increases.

a. However the efficiency in Series was found to increase at a greater rate than for
Parallel(although showing a little deviation). Thus,Series connection is more
efficient than parallel one.

Conclusion:
● The average discharge coefficient came out to be 0.2581277364.
● Operating Point: This is the point at which η is the highest.
For Series it is the point with flow rate = 8.89*10​-4​ and η = 66.3% (Q1)
For Parallel it is the point with flow rate = 4.10*10​-4​ and η = 15.64% (Q3)

8
● Thus for an operation series connection is preferred over a parallel connection because it
is more efficient.