Machine Model GENSAL

Machine Model GENSAL

Salient Pole Generator represented by equal mutual
inductance rotor modeling
q-axis
𝑋𝑑′′ − 𝑋𝑙 b-axis
𝑋𝑑′ − 𝑋𝑙 b
c
𝜋
States: + 1 3 𝐸𝑞′ _ 1 ψ𝑑′ 𝑋𝑑′ − 𝑋𝑑′′ + 𝛿 2
−𝛿
𝐸𝑓𝑓 + + ψ𝑑′′
∑ ′ ∑ ′′ ∑
1 – Angle 𝑇𝑑𝑑 𝑠 𝑇𝑑𝑑 𝑠 𝑋𝑑′ − 𝑋𝑙 a-axis
2 – Speed w _ _ 4
3 – Eqp
d-axis
4 – PsiDp
𝑋𝑑′ − 𝑋𝑑′′
5 – PsiQpp
(𝑋𝑑′ − 𝑋𝑙 )2 𝑋𝑑′ − 𝑋𝑙
+ + c-axis a
Field Current 𝐿𝑎𝑎 𝐼𝑓𝑓 +
∑ 𝑋𝑑 − 𝑋𝑑′ ∑
To Exciter
+ + Network Interface Equations
𝐼𝑑 𝑍𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 𝑅𝑎 + 𝑗𝑋𝑑′′
Mechanical Swing Equations 1
𝑌𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = = 𝐺 + 𝑗𝑗
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑗𝑋𝑑′′
1 𝛿̇ = 𝜔 ∗ 𝜔0 𝐼𝑞
𝑑ψ
1 𝑃𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ − 𝐷𝐷 𝐕= = 𝑗(1 + 𝜔) �ψ𝑑′′ + 𝑗ψ𝑞′′ �
2 𝜔̇ = � − 𝑇𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 � 𝑑𝑑
2𝐻 1+𝜔 𝑋𝑞 − 𝑋𝑞′′ 𝑉𝑑 + 𝑗𝑉𝑞 = �−ψ𝑞′′ + 𝑗ψ𝑑′′ � (1 + 𝜔)
𝜔 = per unit speed deviation, so 𝜔 = 0 means we _ 𝐼𝑑 + 𝑗𝐼𝑞 = �𝑉𝑑 + 𝑗𝑉𝑞 �(𝐺 + 𝑗𝑗)
are at synchronous speed and 𝜔 = 1 would 1
mean it’s spinning at double synchronous speed ∑ ′′ 𝑠
𝑇𝑞𝑞 ψ𝑞′′
𝜔0 = synchronous speed 2𝜋𝑓0 where 𝑓0 is the 5 Convert to Network Reference
nominal system frequency in Hz _ 𝜋
𝐼𝑟 + 𝑗𝐼𝑖 = �𝐼𝑑 + 𝑗𝐼𝑞 �𝑒 𝑗(𝛿− 2 )
Note: If option Ignore Speed Effects in Generator Electrical Torque
Swing Equation is true, then instead use ψ𝑞 = ψ𝑞′′ − 𝐼𝑞 𝑋𝑑′′
1 ψ𝑑 = ψ𝑑′′ − 𝐼𝑑 𝑋𝑑′′ 𝑅𝑎 + 𝑗𝑋𝑞′′
𝜔̇ = (𝑃 − 𝐷𝐷 − 𝑇𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 ) 𝐼𝑟 + 𝑗𝐼𝑖
2𝐻 𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ 𝑇𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = ψ𝑑 𝐼𝑞 − ψ𝑞 𝐼𝑑
Treatment of 𝑅𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 and 𝑋𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
When specified, the compensated voltage fed as an input to the excitet is calculated as:

𝑉𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = �𝑉�𝑡 − (𝑅𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 𝑗𝑋𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 )𝐼�𝑡 �