Mechanical Translation Systems

De La Salle Lipa
College of Information Technology and Engineering
Electrical Engineering Department
Mechanical systems
• It obeys Newton’s law that the sum of the forces equals
zero; that is, the sum of the applied forces must be equal
to the sum of the reactive forces. The three qualities
characterizing elements in a mechanical translation
(means motion in a straight line) system are mass,
elastance, and damping.
• .
 The network representation of
Mass mass is shown in the given figure.

The mass M is the inertial

element. A force applied to a
mass produces an acceleration of
the mass. The reaction force fm is
equal to the product of mass and
acceleration and is opposite in
*will only take a single
direction to the applied force. In displacement other than the
terms of displacement x, velocity reference.
v, and acceleration a, the force 𝒅𝟐 𝑿𝒂
fm = ma = m 𝒅𝒕𝟐 = m𝑫𝟐 Xa
equation is 𝒅𝑽 𝒅𝒙
a= ;v =
𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕
 The network representation of a
Elastance (Spring) spring is shown below.

The elastance, or stiffness, K

provides a restoring force as
represented by a spring. Thus, if
stretched, the string tries to
contract; if compressed, it tries to
expand to its normal length. The
reaction force fk on each end of The force equation, in
the spring is the same and is accordance with Hooke’s law is
equal to the product of the fk = K(xc – xd).
stiffness K and the amount of
deformation of the spring.

Damping (Dashpot)
The damping, or viscous, friction
B characterizes the element that
absorbs energy. The damping
force is proportional to the
difference in velocity of two
bodies. The assumption that the
viscous friction is linear simplifies
the solution of the dynamic
equation.
The reaction damping force fB is
approximated by the product of
damping B and the relative velocity
of the two ends of the dashpot. The
direction of this force, given by,
fB = B(ve – vf) = B(Dxe – Dxf)
depends on the relative
magnitudes and directions of the
velocities Dxe and Dxf .
Mechanical Translation Symbols and Units
Simple Mechanical Translation
System

Mechanical Equivalent Circuit

Simple Mechanical Translation
System
Nodal Circuit Equation
Multiple-Element Mechanical
Translation System

Mechanical Equivalent Circuit

Multiple-Element Mechanical
Translation System
Nodal Circuit Equation
Mechanical – Electrical Analogs
Mechanical – Electrical Analogs