TEHNIČKI ENGLESKI JEZIK

1. Translate the following sentences:

Heat is the energy that is transferred from one body to another as the result of a difference in temperature.
Toplota je energija koja se prenosi s jednog tijela na drugo kao rezultat razlike u temperaturi.

If two bodies at different temperatures are brought together, energy is transferred from the hotter body to the
colder.
Ako se dva tijela nalaze na različitim temperaturama, energija se prenosi s toplijeg tijela na hladnije.

The effect of this transfer of energy usually, but not always, is an increase in the temperature of the colder body and
a decrease in the temperature of the hotter body.
Posljedica ovog prijenosa energije je inače, ali ne uvijek, povećanje temperature hladnijeg tijela i smanjenje
temperature toplijeg tijela.

A substance may absorb heat without an increase in temperature by changing from one physical state (or phase) to
another, as from a solid to a liquid (melting), from a solid to a vapour (sublimation), from a liquid to a vapour
(boiling), or from one solid form to another (a process which is usually called crystalline transition).
Supstanca/tvar može primiti toplotu bez povećanja temperature prelazeći iz jednog agregatnog stanja (ili stanja
tvari) u drugo, kao kad čvrsta tvar prelazi u tečnost (topljenje), čvrsta tvar u gas (sublimacija), tečnost u gas/plin
(ključanje), ili kad tvar prelazi iz jednog čvrstog agregatnog stanja u drugo (čvrsto agregatno stanje) (process kojeg
nazivamo prelazak u kristalno stanje/kristalni prijelaz).

The important distinction between heat, which is a form of energy, and temperature, which is a measure of the
amount of that energy present in a body, was clarified during the 18th and 19th centuries.
U 18. i 19. stoljeću, razjašnjena je/jasno je definisana bitna razlika između toplote, koja je oblik energije, i
temperature, koja je mjera za količinu te energije koja je prisutna u tijelu.

The mercury-in-glass thermometer is the most popular thermometer which is used around the world to measure the
temperature of bodies around us.
Živin toplomjer je najpopularniji termometar koji se koristi u svijetu kako bi se izmjerila temperatura tijela oko nas.

How were these formulas for temperature conversion developed? They came from comparing the two scales. Since
the freezing point is 0° on the Celsius scale and 32° on the Fahrenheit scale, we subtract 32 when converting from
Fahrenheit to Celsius, and add 32 when converting from Celsius to Fahrenheit.
Kako su se dobile ove formule za pretvaranje/konverziju/preračunavanje temperature? One su nastale
upoređivanjem dviju skala. Budući da je tačka smrzavanja 0° na Celzijusovoj skali, a 32° na Fahrenheitovoj skali,
oduzimamo broj 32 kada pretvaramo iz Fahrenheitove skale u Celzijusovu, a dodajemo broj 32 kada pretvaramo iz
Celzijusove u Fahrenheitovu skalu.
 A heat engine is a system that performs the conversion of a flow of thermal energy (heat) to mechanical energy to
perform mechanical work.
Toplotni stroj/motor je sistem koji vrši pretvaranje protoka topltone energije (toplote) u mehaničku energiju kako bi
se izvršio mehanički rad.

2. Choose the correct answer and explain: A chef puts a thermometer into a pot of water to see how hot it is. The
thermometer in a pot reads 132°, but the water is not boiling yet. Which temperature scale is the thermometer
measuring?
A) Celsius B) Fahrenheit

A) Celsius
Incorrect. On the Celsius scale, water boils at 100°, so if the water is not boiling and the measurement is over 100°,
then it cannot be Celsius. The correct answer is Fahrenheit.

B) Fahrenheit
Correct. Water boils at 212° on the Fahrenheit scale, so a measurement of 132° on a Fahrenheit scale is legitimate
for hot (but non-boiling) water.

3. Answer the following questions:

The boiling point of water is 100°C. What temperature does water boil at in the Fahrenheit scale?
T he boiling point of water on the Fahrenheit scale is 212°F.
Water freezes at 32°F. On the Celsius scale, what temperature is this?
T he freezing point of water on the Celsius scale is 0°C.