Algebra Solutions

ALGEBRA I
SOLUTIONS
1. Mixture Problems:
0.07x  0.12  5  x   5  0.10 
x  2 liters
2. Value of the Original Fraction:

Let : x  numerator of the fraction
y  deno min ator of the fraction
y  2x  3  eq.1
x7 3

y7 5
5x  35  3y  21  eq.2
Substitute 1 in 2 :
5x  35  3  2x  3   21
5x  35  6x  9  21
x5
y  2  5   3  13
5
Thus, the original fraction is
13
3. Value of Numerical Coefficient:

From :
n r 1
r th term  nCr 1  a   b  r 1
where :
n  12
r5
Substitute values :
8
5 th term  12C4  x   4y  4  126,720x8y 4
Thus, from the given 5th term the numerical coefficient is 126,720.
4. Geometric Series:
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS B3 - 5
I
ALGEBRA I
From :
a1
S  sum of inf inite G.P. \
1 r
Substituting the given values :
1
2 2
1 r
1
2  2r 
2
4  4r  1
3
r
4
5. Simplify:

i1997  i1999  i1997 1  i2 
But,
i2  1
Substitute :
i1997  i1999  i1997 1   1 
 i1997  0   0
6. Mean Proportion:
4 x

x 36
x 2  4  36 
x  12
7. Value of x to form a geometric progression:
I
ALGEBRA I
10x  7 2x  7
  cross multiply
2x  7 x
10x 2  7x  4x2  28x  49
6x 2  35x  49  0  factor
 6x  7   x  7   0  equate both
factors to zero and solve for x
x  7 / 6 and x  7
8. Value of x:
16  4x  4
x3
5x  1  5  3   1  14
9. Work Problem:
1 1 1 1 1 1
M  L  J 
tM 4 tL 6 tJ 7
1 1 1 47
W  M  1hr   L  1hr   J  1hr    1   1   1 
4 6 7 84
10. Value of the original number:

x  ten ' s digit y  unit ' s digit
the number  x  10   y
the number with reversed
digits  y  10   x
condition 1:
x  y  11  equation 1
condition 2 :
y  10   x  2  x  10   y   7
x  10y  20x  2y  7
19x  8y  7  equation 2
x  y  11  multiply by 8
8x  8y  88  add equation 2
19x  8y  7
27x  81
x  3  substitute to equation 1
3  y  11
y8
therefore the number is 38.
11. Sum of the roots:
5x 2  10x  2  0
I
ALGEBRA I
A = 5, B = -10, C = 2
B
x1  x2  
A
x1  x2  
 10 
5
x1  x2  2
12. Work Problem:

Let :
x  time in minutes required by the slower problem solver to solve a problem
x  2  time in minutes required by the faster problem solver to solve a problem
1 1 
 x  x  2  60  32
 

 x  2   x  60  32 x 2  2x 
120x  120  32x 2  64x
4x 2  23x  15  0
 4x  3   x  5   0
3
x  5 or x   absurd
4
13. Value of m:
To make the given quadratic expression a perfect square trinomial,
its discrimin ant b2  4ac must be zero.
 4k  2  4  4   4k  5  0
k 2  4k  5  0
 k  5   k  1 0
k  5 or  1
14. Age Problem:

Subject Past Future
Beth B B+5
Ana B+5 B+10
Let :
B  present age of Beth
Equation of their ages in 5 years :
 B  5   B  10   1.5  B   B  5 
B  10  1.5B
B  20 years old
I
ALGEBRA I
15. Coefficient of the term:

n
Given :  ax  by 
Let :
C  coefficient of the term involving yr
n r
C  nCr  a   b r
 
10
Thus, for a2  2b , the coefficient of the term involving b4 is :
9
C  10C4  1  2  4
C  3,360
16. Time it takes to fill the tank:

1 1 1 1
  
6 3 24 x
x  2.18 hours
17. Work Problem:

By inspection, the first arrangement from the first row up
to the the 10th row forms an arithmetic progression :
a1  30 d2 n  10
The number of seats in the first 10 rows :
n
S1  2a1   n  1 d
2
10
S1  2  30   9  2    390
2 
Total number of seats  390   10   50   890 seats
18. Thickness of the folded paper:
I
ALGEBRA I
Since the thickness of the paper will double every

after each fold, the folding process forms a geometric
progression :
a1  thickness after the first fold  2  0.05   0.1
an  a1r n1
12 1  1 ft 
a12  0.1 2   204.8 in    17.0667 ft.
 12 in 
19. Work Problem:

Let : x  original volume of air in the tank
1 2
Volume left after the sec ondstroke  x  x  x
3 3
2 12  4
Volume left after the sec ond stroke   x    x    x 
x 33  9
Notice that the amount of air left in the tank after each stroke forms a geometric
progression, with 2 / 3 being the common ratio :
2 2
a1  x r n6
3 3
an  a1r n1
6 1
2 2
a6  x  0.0878x  amount left after the sixth stroke
3  3 
The total volume removed at the end of the sixth stroke is :
Vremoved  Voriginal  Vleft  x  0.0878x  0.9122x or 91.22%
20. Rate Problem:

Let :
x and y be the speed of the plane and the wind, respectively.
Effective rate of the airplane :
500
Against the wind   287.71 mph
1.75
500
With the wind  400 mph
1.25
x  y  287.71
x  y  400
2x  685.71
x  342.855
21. Clock Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
If the hands of the clock extend in opposite directions,

the number of minutes spaces between them is 30 minutes.
 x 
x  10   30
 12 
 60s 
x  43.63 min or min 0.63 min    43 min and37.8 s
 min 
Alternate Solution :
The last digit passed by the minutehand is 8,
thus :
x  5.4545  8   43.63 minutes
22. Age Problem:

Let :
x  present age of Peter
y  present age of Paul
Subject Pr esent Future
Peter x x3
Paul y y3
Equation of ages :
x  y  21  1
x  3  2  y  3
x  3  2y  6
x  2y  3  0  2
Solving the two equations simul tan eously :
2x  2y  42  1 x2
x  2y  3
3x  45
x  15
23. Total value of the estate:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let :
x  total value of the estate
3k  share of the daughter
2k  share of the son
The share of the daughter and son is :
x
3k  2k 
2
6k  4k  x  1
Total value of the estate :
x  3k  2k  4k  0.5
but : x  6k  4k
6k  4k  3k  2k  4k  0.5
k  0.5
Thus,
x  3  0.5   2  0.5   4  0.5   0.5  5 M
24. Rate Problem:

Let :
x  rate of the boat in calm water
c  rate of the current
The effective rate of theboat
100
Upstream is  66.67 PH
1.5
100
Downstream is  80 MPH
1.25
x  c  66.67
x  c  80
2x  146.67
x  73.33 MPH
25. Square of the cube:

Applying poperties of fractional exp onents :
m
n m
x  xn
Then,
20
3
64x 60  3 64x 60 3  4x 20  2x 2  2x10
26. Work Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let :
x  no. of hours the man can do the job working alone
1
 rate of the man
x
1
 rate of the boy
3x
1 1 
 x  3x  6  1
 
 3x  x  6  3x2
24x  3x2
x  8 hours
27. Average profit:

Let :
x  total profit by selling 250 units
140  80 x  140

110  80 250  110
60 x  140

30 140
x  420
thus, the average profit per unit is :
420
  1.68
250
28. Clock Problem:

If the hands of the clock form an angle of 120 for the
sec ond time, then the number of minutes spaces between
the hands of the clock must be 40 min (clockwise direction).
x
x  40
12
11
x  40
12
 60 
x  43.64 or 43 min & 0.64 min  s
 1 min 
x  43 min & 38 s
Alternate Solution :
x  5.4545  8   43.63 minutes
29. Harmonic Progression:
I
ALGEBRA I
Usin g A.P. :
a1  2, a3  6, a11  ?
a11  2   11  1 d  eq.1
a11  6   11  3  d  eq.2
a11  a11
2  10d  6  8d
d2
a11  2   11  1 2
a11  22  eleventh term in A.P.
In harmonic progression the11th term is 1/ 22
30. Remainder Theorem:

By remainder theorem, the remainder is f(r) :
x2 0
x  r  2
4 3 2
f  2    2   5  2   5  2   7  2   6
f  2   16  40  20  14  6  68
31. Age Problem:

Let :
x  age of Harry
3x  age of Ron
x  8  age of Hermione
Sum of their ages :
S  x  3x   x  8   48
32. Consecutive integers:

x  1st int eger
x  2  2nd int eger
x  4  3rd int eger
x  x  2  x  4  78
3x  6  78
3x  72
x  24
24  4  28
33. Level Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
x  unknown dis tan ce

 4  x  200  300x
800  200x  300x
x  1.6 m
34. Digit Problem:

n2  1  general term
2
a1   1  1  2
2
a2   2   1  5
2
a3   3   1  10
2
a4   4   1  17
Thus, the first four terms are 2,5,10,17.
35. Work Problem:

t  no. of hours x can do the job workingalone
1 1 1
 rate of x  rate of y  rate of z
t 1.5t 1.2t
1 1 1 1
  
t 1.5t 1.2t 4
 1.8  1.2  1.5  4  1.8t
t  10 hrs.
36. Arithmetic Progression:

The sequence forms an arithmetic progression with a sum of 1430 and a common
difference of 3x.
d  3x
64x  x   n  1 3x
n  22
22
1430   x  64x 
2
x2
37. Remainder Theorem:
I
ALGEBRA I
By remainder theorem :
3 2
f  4   k  4    k  3   4   13  157
64k  16k  48  13  157
48k  192
192
k 4
48
38. Value of w:
xy
w
z2
kxy
w  k  cons tan t of var iation 
z2
Solving for k, when w  4, x  2, y  6,and z  3
k  2  6 
4
32
k3
Solving for w, when x  1, y  4, and z  2.
w
 3   1  4  3
22
39. Number Problem:

16  3x  4
x4
Thus,
2
x2  5   4   5
 21
40. The 1st term:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let :
a  1st term
a  2d  3rd term
a  d  2nd term
a  3d  4th term
a  a  3d  70
a2  3ad  70  1
 a  d  a  2d  88
a2  3ad  2d2  88
but :
a2  70  3ad  from1
 70  3ad  3ad  2d2  88
2d2  18
d3\
Thus, from equation 1:

a2  3ad  70
a2  3  3  a  70  0
a2  9a  17  0
 a  5   a  14   0
a5 or a  14
41. Value of x:
Let :
x  no. of ECE ' s
2x  no. of EE ' s
By percentage :
x6 1

3x 6
6x  36  3x
3x  36
x  12
42. Work Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let :
x  number of PCBs produced in one month
Then,
 2  2

200  60 
1 x
x  3000
43. Sum of all even integers:

For numbers 10 to 500, the sequence of even int egers is :
10,12,14,...500
Where :
a1  10 an  500 d  2
Solving for n :
an  a1   n  1 d
500  10   n  1  2 
n  246
Thus, the sum is :
n 246
S   a1  an    10  500   62,730
2 2
44. Sum and Product of Roots:

7x 2   2k  1 x  3k  2  0
A  7; B   2k  1 ; C  3k  2
Then, from the given condition :
B
x1  x 2    sum of roots 
A
C
x1 x 2   product of roots 
A
B C
 
A A

 2k  1 3k  2

7 7
 2k  1  3k  2
k 1
45. Digit Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
The word " exceeds " will become a symbol for

subtraction when translated int o mechanical equation :
Thus,
100 exceeds four times a given number is :
100  4x
46. Work Problem:

1 1
 rate of burning of candle A  rate of burning of candleB
8 4
t  time from the start of burning until A is twice as long as B
After t hours of burning :
1 1
Amount left for candle A : 1  t Amount left for candle B : 1  t
8 4
But, A is twice as long as B :
t  t
1  2 1  
8  4
t t
1  2 
8 2
3t
1
8
8 2
t   2 hours or 2 hours and 40 minutes
3 3
47. Value of x:
8 x  2
y  2
 eq.1
16  3x  y 
 4 y  eq.2
From equation1:
23x  2  y 2
3x  y  2
From equation 2 :
2 3x  y 
4  4y
2  3x  y   y
6x  3y
2x  y  4
Between equation 3 and 4 :
3x  2x  2
x2
48. Sum of all odd integers:
I
ALGEBRA I
For numbers 10 to 500, the sequence of odd int egers is : 11,13,15,...499

where :
a1  11 an  499 d  2
Solving for n :
an  a1   n  1 d
499  11   n  1  2 
n  245
Thus, the sum is :
n 245
S   a1  an    11  499   62, 475
2 2
49. Progression:
By inspection, the sequence forms an arithmetic progression with :
a1  3 d2 S  2600
Solving for n :
n
S  2a1   n  1 d
2
n
2600  2  3    n  1  2  
2
5200  6n  2n2  2n
2n2  4n  5200  0
n2  2n  2600  0
Usin g quadratic formula, we get :
2  22  4  2600  2  102
n 
2 2
n  50;
n  52  absurd
50. Geometric Progression:
I
ALGEBRA I
a1  27, a4  1, a3  ?
For geometric progression : From :
a4 a3 a2 a4 a3
  
a3 a2 a1 a3 a1
From : a32  a2a 4  Substitute the value of a2 
a 4 a2
  27 
a3 a1  a3  2     1
 a3 
a2a3  a1a4
a2a3  1 27   27  a3  3  27
27 a3  3
a2   eq.1
a3
51. Solve for x:

8 x  2y  2 163x  y  4 y
4    4y
2 3x  y
23x  2 y  2
3x  y  2 6x  2y  y
3x  2x  2 6x  3y
x2 2x  y
52. Fraction Transformation:

4x x  x2  4
.
x  x2 4 x  x 2  4
4x2  4x x 2  4

x 2  x2  4 
 
4x  x  x2  4 
   x  x  x2  4 
 
4  
53. Value of x:
log2 2  log2 x  2
log2  2   x   2
2
2x   2 
2x  4
x2
54. Logarithm of 1 to any base:
I
ALGEBRA I
loga 1  x
1  ax
1  a0
x0
loga 1  0
55. Equation of roots:

2x 2  3x  5  0
 2x  5   x  1  0
5
x1  x 2  1
2
the reciprocal of the roots.
2
x1  x 2  1
5
 2
 x  5   x  1  0
 
 5x  2   x  1 0
5
5x 2  5x  2x  2  0
5x 2  3x  2  0
56. Sum of the coefficients:

Substitute x =1 but subtract (-1)20
sum of the coefficients
20 20
2  1  1   1
sum of the coefficients
20 20
  1   1 0
57. Solving for x:
I
ALGEBRA I
a1  x
d  2x
an  a1   n  1 d
49x  x   n  1  2x 
49  1  2n  2
50  2n
n  25
n
S  2a   n  1 d
2
25 25  50  x
625  2  x    24   2x      25   25  x
2  2
x 1
58. Summation:
 1  k 2   1   3    1   4    1   5    1   6  
6
2 2 2 2
        
k 3
 1 k2   10  17  26  37  90
6

k 3
59. Value of K:
f  x    x  4  x  3  4
f  K    K  4   K  3   4 (remainder)
K   K  4  K  3  4
K  K 2  K  12  4
K 2  2K  8  0
 K  4   K  2  0
K4 K  2
60. Cube of the equation:

 a  b 3   a  b 2  a  b  
 a 2  2ab  b 2  a  b 
 a  b  3  a3  2a2b  ab2  a2b  2ab 2  b3

 a  b  3  a3  3a2b  3ab2  b3
61. Factors of a2 – x2:

a2  x 2   a  x   a  x 
62. Value of x:
I
ALGEBRA I
36 x

28 7
36  7 
x 9
28
63. Equation of the relation:

S
I
d2
KS
I
d2
64. Value of x:
y
xk
z
7
14  k
2
k4
4  16 
x  16
4
65. Time it takes to fill the empty tank:

1 1 1
 
4 12 x
 3  1  1  6 hours
12 x
66. Time it takes Rellenar to do it alone:

1 1 1
 
x 2x 6
 2  1 6  2x
x  9 days
67. Days it takes to finish the job:

no. of man  days :
20  30   25  20    25  10  x
x  6.67  7 days
total no. of days to finish the job

 20  7  27 days
68. Value of a number:
I
ALGEBRA I
x 2  16  10x
x 2  10x  16  0
x2
x8
69. Area of the new triangle:

16  30 
A  240 sq. m
2
70. Arithmetic mean of the remaining numbers:

S
 55  4400
80
4400  274  850
A.M.   42
78
71. Significant figures:

0.0031 has two significant figures
72. Distance that the plane will travel:

x x
 4
125  25 125  25
x  240 km.
73. Age problem:

3  9  x    41  x 
27  3x  41  x
2x  14
x7
74. Mixture problem:

0.25(100)  1 x   0.50  100  x 
25  x  50  0.5x
x  50 liters of gasoline
75. Clock problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
S  r
360 
  2 radians
180
S  4  2  inches
S 4  2  in
V   0.42
t 60 sec
76. Price of the book:

x  marked price of the book
0.80x  selling price of the book
1.20x  14.40
x  P12
selling price  0.80(12)  P9.6
77. Roman Numerals:

MMDCCLXIII = 2000+600+100+60+3 = 2763
78. Arithmetic Progression:

a1  4 d  3 n  30
an  a1   n  1 d  4   30  1 3  91
79. Sum of Series of numbers:

n 100
S  2a   n  1 d  2  2    100  1 3   15050
2 2 

x   2   16  x
x  2  16  x
2x  14
x 7
81. Value of x:
2x  7 10x  7

x 2x  7
 2x  7  2  10x2  7x
6x 2  35x  49  0
 x  7   6x  7   0
x7
82. Fraction conversion:
I
ALGEBRA I
3.2181818  3.2  0.018  0.00018

 0.0000018
a  0.018 1st term
ar  0.00018 2nd term
0.00018
r  0.01
0.018
a 0.018 0.018 18 1
S    
1  r 1  0.01 0.99 990 55
1 16 1 177
3.2    
55 5 5 55
83. Sum of imaginary numbers:

 5  4i   2  8i
5   2     4i  8i   3  4i
84. Length of vector:

R  22  12  42
R  21
85. Number of workers:

no. of man  hours to produce 12
PCB ' s  1.5  2   3
no.of man  hours to produce 8000
PCB ' s  x  40   40x
by ratio and proportion :
3 40x

12 8000
x  50 wor ker s
86. Value of the numbers:

x  one number
21  x  other number
x  2  21  x   42  2x  14
21  x  7
87. Value of x:
I
ALGEBRA I
log10 8  3log10 x  3
log10 8  log10 x3  3
3
log10  8   x   3
8x3  103
2x  10
x5
88. Total number of Spheres in the pile:

n  n  1  2n  1 4  4  1  8  1
S   30 spheres
6 6
89. Value of the remainder:

3 2
f  x   x 4  2x3  3x 2  4x  8  24  2  2   3  2   4  2   8  28
90. Factor of the expression:

3x3  3x 2  18x

3x x 2  x  6 
3x  x  3   x  2 
91. Age Problem:

R  b  15
R  y  2(b  y)
b  15  y  2b  2y
b  y  15
92. Natural logarithm:

e ln e2
ln ee
2e
ln ee
e 2e ln e
e 2e 1  1
 
e 2e
93. – 97. Terms:
I
ALGEBRA I
Substitute x = 1 y = 1 and z = 1
Sum of the coefficients = (1+1-1)8
Sum of the coefficients = 18
Sum of the coefficients = 1
99. Value of the numbers:

x 2  y2  481
x 2  y2  769
2x 2  1250
x  25
 25  2  y2  481
y  12
100. Sum of the exponents:

S = n (n+1)= 9 (9+1) 1+0  45
2
101. Value of x:
4 + 4x = 12 4 + 4x = 12
4x = 8 4x = -16
x=2 x = -4
102. – 155. Terms:
156. Smallest possible value of the number:

let x  the number
x 5
condition 1: a
6 6
x 4
condition 2 :  b 
5 5
s 3
condition 3 :  c 
4 4
x 2
condition 4 :  d 
3 3
x 1
condition 5 :  e 
2 2
where :
a,b,c,d and e are the whole parts of the respective quotient
Substitute value s in t he choices to the given co nditions
157. Percentage:
I
ALGEBRA I
condition 1:
if A is 10% of B greater than B,then :
A  1.10B
condition 2 :
if B is 20% of C less than C,then :
B  C  0.20C  0.80C
A  1.10(0.80C)  0.88C or A  88% of C

For the sum of the numerical coeffients
of the exp ansion, just substitute
"1" for all var iables :
8
Sum of all coefficients   1  1  1
Sum of all coefficients  18
Sum of all coefficients  1
159. Value of x when y = 1:

y  kx 2
2
9  k  2
9
k
4
therefore :
9
y  x2
4
4
x 2   1
9
2
x
3
160. Value of 2x – 1:
I
ALGEBRA I
 x  3  : 10   3x  2  : 8
x  3 3x  2

10 8
8x  24  30x  20
24  20  30x  8x
44  22x
x2
2x  1   2   2   1  3
161. Least Common Factor:

10 = 2 x 5 32 = 25
L.C.M. = 2
162. Arithmetic mean of the remaining numbers:

Sum of Numbers
Average 
n
Sum of n Numbers  n x Average
sum of 80 numbers  80(55)
 4400
sum of 78 numbers  4400  250  850
 3300
A 78  Average of 78 numbers
3300
A 78   42.31
78
163. Value of x:
33  x  x  20  x  40
x  13
164. Value of logarithm of a number:

log5 log5
x  log2 5  log3 5    3.79
log2 log3
165. Geometric Expression:
I
ALGEBRA I
10x  4 2x  4

2x  4 x
10x 2  4x  4x 2  16x  16
6x 2  20x  16  0
3x 2  10x  8  0
x4
166. 7th term of the series:

Note that the deno minators are in arithmetic progression 2,6,10,...
a1  2
D4
an  a1   n  1 d
a7  2   7  1 4  26
Therefore,in t he series which is a harmonic progression, the 7th term is,
1
a7 
26
167. Sum of the roots of the equation:

5x 2  10x  2  0
for sum of roots :
B
x1  x 2  
A
10
x1  x 2   2
5
168. Infinite Progression:

The series "1/ 2,1/ 8,1/ 32,..."
is a geometric progression with
the first term
1/ 8 1
a1  1/ 2 and r  
1/ 2 4
For infinite geometric progression:
a 1/ 2 2
S 1  
1  r 1  1/ 4 3
169. Rectangular Form:
I
ALGEBRA I
 
log  1  log  1  0j   log e j  jloge  0  1.364j
170. Value of largest integer:

let the int egers be x, x  2, and x  4
Thus :
x  x  2   x  4   78
3x  6  78  solve for x
x  24
24  4  28
171. Value of the remainder:

 x  r   x  2  By correspondence,
r  2
By remainder ' s theorem :
4 3 2
R  f  r   5  2    2    2   7  2   6  84
172. Age Problem:

let x  Peter ' s age
let y  Paul' s age
Pr esent In three years
Peter x x3
Paul y y3
x  y  21
y  21  x  equation 1
x  3  2  y  3   equation 2
Substitute equation 1 to equation 2
x  3  2  21  x  3 
x  3  48  2x
3x  45
x  15 years
173 - 174. Round off
175. Simplification of the terms:
I
ALGEBRA I
   
Q  7a2  8 7a 1  5 7a  49 7a 2  
 
49 7a
   
Q  7a72  8 7a7  5 7a 
72
Factor out 7a
Q  7a 72  8  7   5  1  7a
 
176. Simplification of a number with fractional exponents:
 0.125   4 3   0.53 
4 3
 0.125   4 3  0.54
1
 0.125   4 3 
0.54
1
 0.125   4 3   16
0.0625
177. – 178. Terms:
179. Value of x:
1 1
1: 52  3 : x
2 3
1
3
1 3

1 x
52
2
 10 
1  3 
 
 105  x
 2 
 
 105   10 
x     175
 2  3 
180. Mixture Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let :
x  amount of soldering lead
produced
63%x  520
x  825.4 grams
181. Terms:
182. Value of true equation:

 1 1
x   x    0
 3  4
2 1 1 1
x  x x  0  multiply by 12
3 4 12
12x2  4x  3x  1  0
12x2  7x  1  0
183. Value of x:
16  4x  4
x3
5x  1  5  3   1  14
184. Value of Q when t = 6:

Assumin g a linear relationship, by two po int form of equation of a line :
Q2  Q1 Q  Q1
m 
t 2  t1 t  t1
75  25 Q  25

20 60
Q  25
25 
6
Q  175
185. Clock Problem:

2 2   
M ref  reqd  
11   11 60  180   43.636
Thus :
The required time is 2 : 43.636
186. Terms:
187. Correct equation:
I
ALGEBRA I
x y z
From :  
 b  c   a  c   a  b
xy
 b  c zy
 a  b
 a  c  a  c
y  b  c  y  a  b y  b  c  a  b y  a  c
xz    
 a  c  a  c  a  c  a  c
thus :
xz  y
188. Value of x:
 
2  5  x  1
1 2 5 2 5 2 5 5 2
x    
 2   5
2 5 2 5 2 2 3 3
189. Sum of the positive valued solution to the simultaneous equations:

Multiply the three given equations :
 xy   yz   zx   15  35   21
 xyz  2  11025
xyz  105
Substitute xy  15
15z  105
z7
Substitute yz  35
35x  105
x3
Substitute zx  21
21y  105
y5
Thus, x  y  z  3  5  7  15
190. Simplification:
I
ALGEBRA I
 x 2 y3z2   x3yz3   x6y9z6   x3 2y1 2z3 2 

3 1 2

 xyz3 
5 2 x 5 2y 5 2z15 2
 6  3  5   9  1 5  3 15 
      6  
 x 2 2  y 2 2  z 2 2 
1
 x 2 y 7z 3 
x 2y7 z3
191. Simplification:
a 1 a 2
7a 2  8  7 
a
 5  7   49  7 
 7 7   8 7 7   5 7 
a 2 a 1 a  
49 7a
72
 7a  49  56  5  1  7a
192. Value of a number:

2
 3  2.5   243
 
193. Value of x:
By squaring both sides :
x  2 2x  3  9
2 2x  3  9  x
2
4  2x  3    9  x 
8x  12  81  18x  x 2
x 2  26x  69
By completing the square :
 x  13  2  69  132
 x  13  2  100
x  13  10
x  23  absurd
x3
194. Value of k:
I
ALGEBRA I
 4x 2  6x  k  0  1
  4
x 2  1.5x  0.25k  0
2
 1.5 
x  2   0
 
Since it is a perfect square, then
2
1.5 
 2   0.25k
 
k  2.25
195. Value of two numbers:

x  the first number
x  4  the sec ond number
y  sum of the original 6 numbers
y
Arithmetic mean   17
6
y  17  6   102
y  x   x  4 102  2x  4
 19 
62 8
106  2x  19  8 
2x  46
x  23
x  4  27
196. Value of x:
x2  x 2
   
2 2
x2 x 2
x2  x4 x 4
4 x  6
3
x 
2
9
x
4
Note : Since x  9 4 will not satisfy to the given general equation when substituted,
this equation is classified as defective and thus, the answer is " none of these "
197. Value of remainder:
I
ALGEBRA I
f  y   4y3  18y 2  8y  4
 3
divisor  2y  3  y    
 2
Note : Usin g remainder theorem,
3 2
 3  3  3  3
f     4     18     8     4  11
 2  2  2  2
198. Value of remainder:

f  x   x3  4x 2  3x  8
divisor  x  5
Note :Usin g remainder theorem,
remainder  f  5 
3 2
Remainder   5   4  5   3  5   8  218
199. Value of the equation:

2x 2  3x  5  0
 2x  2   x  2.5   0
Roots of the given equation :
x1  2.5
x 2  1
Thus, the roots of the sec ond
equation are :
1 1
x1   0.4 and x 2   1
2.5 1
 x  0.4   x  1  0
x 2  x  0.4x  0.4  0
 x2  0.6x  0.4  0 5
5x 2  3x  2  0
200. Value of x:
I
ALGEBRA I
6
log 2x3  log  6.278
x
log2x3   log 6  log x   6.278
l og 2x3  log x  6.278  log 6
2x3
log  5.49984
x
2x 2  antilog  5.49984 
 316111.2849
x2  158055.6425
x  397.56
201. Value of the logarithm of a number:

log10 845
log6 845   3.76
log10 6

Note : To solve the sum of the
coefficients of (x  y  z)8,
substitute one(1) to all the
var iables and calculate.
Sum of the coefficients
  1  1  1 8  1
203. 6th term of the equation:

nr 1
6th term  n Cr 1  3x   4y  r 1
where :
n  8; r  6
6th term  8 C5  3x 
3
 4y  5 
 8  5  !5! 
8!
 
27x 3 1024y 5  1,548,288x 3y 5
204. Discriminant of the equation:
I
ALGEBRA I
4x 2  8x  5  0
where : A  4; B  8 and C  5
2
Discrimin ant  B2  4AC   8   4  4   5   16
205 Value of (b – y):
 b  15  y   2  b  y 
b  15  y  2b  2y
2b  b  2y  y  15
b  y  15
206. Age Problem:
38  x  x  0
x  19 years old
two years ago, the son was
 19  2  17 years old
207. Number of children:
2x  10  4  x  5n 
2x  10  4x  20n
2x  20n  10
x  10n  5  equation 1
2x  30  x  15n
x  15n  30  equation 2
Equate eq.1 and eq.2
15n  30  10n  5
n  5 children
208. Time it takes to fill the empty tank:
I
ALGEBRA I
1 1 1 1
  
9 12 15 x
x  7.826 hours  7 hours and 0.826(60)min  7 hours and 50 minutes
209. Work Problem:

Let x  number of days needed by A,B and C to finish the job working together.
1 1 1 1
  
A B C x
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   eq.1    eq.2    eq.3
A B 42 B C 31 A C 20
Add the three equations :
 1 1  1 1   1 1  1 1 1
 A  B    B  C    A  C   42  31  20  0.106
     
2 2 2
   0.106
A B C
1 1 1 1
   0.053 
A B C x
x  18.87 days
210. Time it takes to finish the same job:

Let x  number of man  hours needed by crew number 1 and number 2 to
finish the job
1 1 1
 
200 300 x
x  120 man  hours

0.25  10   0.35  15   0.10  30   55x
x  19.55%

0.04  10   0  x   0.10  10  x 
0.4  1  0.1x
x  6 kg
213. Word Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
214. Value of the fraction:

x
Let :  the fraction
y Substitute eq.1in eq.2 :
x2 1 2x  8   4x  6   4

y2 4 10  2x
4x  8  y  2 x5
y  4x  6  eq.1 y  4  5   6  14
x4 1 5
 Thus, the fraction is .
y4 2 14
2x  8  y  4  eq.2
215. Value of the Original Fraction:

x
Let :  the fraction Substitute eq.1in eq.2 :
y
5  10
x 3 3 3x  2  x  5   2  x  10  2
 3  3
y 5
12  0.333x
3y  5x  15
x  36
5
y  x  5  eq.1 5
3 y   36   5  55
x 2 3
 36
y 1 3 Thus, the fraction is
55
3x  2y  2  eq.2
216. Value of the original number:

t  ten ' s digit of the number
u  unit ' s digit of the number
10t  u  the number Substitute eq.1in eq.2 :
t  u  3  eq.1 6  u  3   3  3u
10t  u 3 6u  18  3  3u
 4
tu tu 3u  21
10t  u  3 u7
4
t u t  73  4
10t  u  3  4t  4u
6t  3  3u  eq.2
217. 4th number if their sum is 35:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let : w  first number

x  sec ond number
y  third number
z  fourth number
x  w  3  eq.1
y  w  4  eq.2
z  y2
  w  4  2
z  w  6  eq.3
w  x  y  z  35
Substitute eq.1, eq.2 and eq.3 in eq.4 :
w   w  3    w  4    w  6   35
4w  28
w 7
Subsitute w  7 in eq.3 :
z  7  6  13
218. Motion Problem:

Let V1  ground speed of Plane A
V2  ground speed of Plane B
S1  S2
Vt   V  90   t  2.25 
Vt  Vt  2.25V  90t  202.5
2.25V  90t  202.5  0
900
But t 
V
 900 
2.25V  90    202.5  0
 V 
multiply both sides by V :
2.25V 2  81000  202.5V  0
Divide all by 2.25 :
V 2  90V  36000  0
 V  240   V  150   0
V  240 kph
V  150 kph (absurd)
219. Rate Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let : V  rate of Erwin

V  13  rate of Edgar
t1  t 2
231 308

V  13 V
231V  308V  4004
V  52 kph

0.70  100  x   0.60  x   0.66  100 
70  0.7x  0.6x  66  40 ounces
221. Work Problem:

Let : A  number of hours,Pedro can paint the house
B  number of hours,Juan can paint the house
C  number of hours, Pilar can pa int the house
1 1 1 1
    eq.1
A B C 4
1  1 1  1
 1.5   ;  0.666    eq.2
A B
  B A
1  1 1 1
 1.2   ;  0.833    eq.3
A C
  C A
Substitute eq.2 and eq.3 in eq.1:
1  1  1 1
 0.666    0.833   
A A
  A 4
A  10 hours
222. Age Problem:
3  x  5  5  x  6  x  5   x  6
3x  15  5x  30  x  5  x  6
 2x  45  11
x  17 years old
223. Clock Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let : x  the number of minute

difference between 6 : 15
and 7 : 45
6 : 15  6(60)  15  375 minutes
7 : 45  7(60)  45  465 minutes
x  465  375  90 minutes
 180 
x  90 minutes    540
 30 minutes 
 
224. Value of the equation:

1 3
x1  and x 2  
3 2
B
x1  x 2  
A
1  3  B
  
3  2  A
7
B A
6
C
x1x 2 
A
1 3 C
 
3  2  A
1
C A
2
Substitute to the general quadratic equation :
Ax 2  Bx  C  0
7   1 
Ax 2   A  x    A   0
6   2 
 2 7 1 6
 Ax  6 Ax  2 A  0  A
 
6x 2  7x  3  0
225. Factorization:
3

x3  27  x3   3    x  3  x 2  3x  9 
226. Value of x:
I
ALGEBRA I
12 6

6 x
36
x 3
12
227. Value of x:
36 x

28 7
36  7 
x 9
28
228. Value of the 3rd Proportion:

 2 2 
38
38 x
4 2

2 x
x 1
229. Number of days ahead or delayed:

16  20   20  8    20  4  x
x  10
Total number of days to finish the job  8  10  18
No. of days ahead  20  18  2 days
230. Value of the two numbers:

x 2  16  10x
x 2  10x  16  0
 x  2  x  8   0
x2
x8
231. Value of the two numbers:
I
ALGEBRA I
x  smaller number
30  x  larg er number
30  x
x
x
x 2  30  x
x 2  x  30  0
 x  5  x  6  0
x5
30  x  25
232. Rate Problem:

T1  3T2
D 3D

40  x 40  x
x  20 mph
233. Motion Problem:

D D
 3
15 12
12D  15D  15  12   3 
D  20 km

0.12x  0.02  1800   0.03  x  1800 
0.12x  36  0.03x  54
x  200 pounds

35  40   50  20   x  60 
x  40%
236. Clock Problem:

S  r S  4  2  inches
360  S 4  2 
  2 radians V   0.42 in / sec
180 t 60
237. Clock Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
360
S  r  2.5  15.71in
180
S 15.71
V   1.309 in / hr
t 12
238. Age Problem:

M  A  35
2 3
M  A  25
3 4
8M  9A  300
M  A  35
9M  9A  315
8M  9A  300
M  15
239. Sum of the first 4 terms:

n 1 n2 n3 n4
2  1 2 4 8
Sum  1  2  4  8  15
240. Value of x:
n  n  1
1  2  3 .. n 
2
n  n  1
S
2
x  x  1
36 
2
x 2  x  72  0
 x  9  x  8  0
x8
241. Days that the job is delayed:

28  60   28  15    23   30   33x
x  17.27 days
Total n o. of days they finish the job  15  30  17.27  62.27 days
Therefore they were delayed by 2.27 days
242. Value of x:
I
ALGEBRA I
ln  log x   1
elnlog x  e1
But eln y  y
elnlog x  log x
log x  e
x  10e
243. Perform:
 4  5   2 25  3   4 4  3 
 2 5  2  5 3  4  2 3
 2 5  10 3  8 3
 2 5 2 3
2  5 3 
244. Perform:
5 3 5 5
 3 .  5 .  4  3  5
3 3 3 5
3 5
 15  15  2 15
3 6
 2 15  2 15  0
245. Perform:
 2 6 x12y3  2x 2 y
246. Perform:
12 6 4 3 12
 2 3 4  331776
247. Expansion:
n  n  1  n  2  ...  n  r  1 nr r
yr  x y
r!
n  7, r  4, n  r  1  4, n  r  3
7  6  5  4 3 4
yr  x y  35x3 y 4
4!
248. Expansion:
I
ALGEBRA I
1
n  9, a  x 2, y 
x
The term of free x in the exp ansion is :
9 r 1  1 r 1
 x2  x
 
This should be equated to x 0, because the term is free of x.
x 20 2r x1r  x0
x 20 2r 1r  x0
21  3r  0
r7
the term of free x in the exp ansion is the 7th term :
9  8  7  6  5  4 3  1 6
7th term 
6!
 x2   x   84
 

1
a d4 n9
2
an  a   n  1 d
 2   9  1 4
 34

1
a 1 r 
3
a 1 3
Sn   
1 r 1 1 2
3
251. Geometric Progression:

6
a2 r  3 n6
2
6 1 5
an  ar n1  2  3   2  3   486
Sn 

a 1 rn   2  1 36   728
1 r 1 3
252. Geometric Means:
I
ALGEBRA I
2, a2, a3, a4 , 162

a2 n5 an  162
an  ar n1
162  2r 51
r 4  81
r3
a2  2  3   6
2
a3  2  3   18
3
a4  2  3   54

a  0.3 r  0.1
a 0.3 1
Sn   
1  r 1  0.1 3
254. Arithmetric Progression:

a  2, d  3, n  8
an  a   n  1 d  2   8  1 3  23
n 8
Sn   a  an    2  23   100
2 2
255. Sum of the even integers:

a  22, d  2, n  80
an  a   n  1 d
80  22  2  n  1 2  22  2n  2
n  30
n 30
Sn   a  an    22  80 
2 2
 15  102   1530
256. Sum of the integers:
I
ALGEBRA I
3, a2, a3,...99
a3 d3 an  99
an  a   n  1 d
99  3   n  1 3
n  33
n 33
Sn   a  an    3  99   1683
2 2
257. Sum of the first n positive integer:

4,8.....,an
n n
a4 d4 Sn   a  an    4  4n   2n  n  1
2 2
an  a   n  1 d  4  4  n  1  4n
258. Quadratic Equations:

2 4 2 Another Solution :
x1  x 2    
3 3 3
 2  4
 2  4  8 x  3  x  3   0
x1x 2           
3
  3  9
Equation :
 3x  2   3x  4   0
3 3
2 8
x2  x   0 9x 2  6x  8  0
3 9
259. Value of x:
x 4 3  5x 2 3  4  0
2
 2   2 
 x 3   5  x 3   4  0
   
put x 2 3 y
y 2  5y  4  0
 y  4   y  1  0
y4 0 y 1 0
y4 y 1
x2 3  4 x2 3  1
3
x   4 2  8 x 1
260. Work Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
1 1 1
 
10 12 x
65 1

60 x
5
x  5 days
11
261. Work Problem:

1 1 1 1
  
3 10 8 Anne
3
Anne  9 days
13
262. Work Problem:

1
 Part of the work done by A in one day
4
1
 Part of the work done by B in one day
6
1
 Part of the work done by C in one day
2
1
 Part of the work done by A, B, C in one day
x
1 1 1 1
  
4 6 2 x
3x  2x  6x  12
12 1
x or 1 days
11 11
263. Work Problem:

x  time to fill the tank when
all the 3 pipes are open
x x x
  1
6 4 8
4x  6x  3x  24
7x  24
3
x  3 hours
7
I
ALGEBRA I
a) in terms of water b) in terms of salt

35  x  0    40  x   .60  5  x   40  x   .40 
35  24  0.60x 5  x  16  0.40x
0.60x  11 0.60x  11
1 1
x  18 lbs x  18 lbs
3 3

x  the strength of the first acid
y  the strength of the sec ond acid
12x  8y  20  84 
3x  2y  420  eq.1
2x  3y  85  5 
2x  3y  425  eq.2
eq.1 x 2 6x  4y  840
eq.2 x 3 6x  9y  1,275
 5y  435
y  87% Ans.
y  87%  substitute y in eq.2
3x  2  87   420
3x  420  174  246
x  82%

From eq.1
x  no. of liters of 90% alcohol x  20  y in eq.2
y  no. of liters of 35%alcohol 18  20  y   7y  240
x  y  20  eq.1 360  18y  7y  240
x  .90   y  .35   20  .60  11y  120
120
90x  35y  20  60  y liters
11
18x  7y  240  eq.2
100
x liters
11
267. Work Problems:
I
ALGEBRA I
n  no. of days the provisions will last

n
s  2a   n  1 d
2
a  5700
d  20
s  5700  66   376,200
n
376,200  2  5700    n  1  20  
2
n2  571n  37620  0
571  419
n  76 days
2

x  amount draw in gallons 21
 81  x 
a  81  x 64   81  x   
 81 
81  x 2
r 81 64    81  x 
81
l  64 x 2  162x  1377  0
n2  x  9   x  153   0
l  ar n1 x  9 gallons
269. Number of lots:

x  number of lots in the group
7200
 cos t of one lot in pesos
x
 7200   7200 
x  300   7200  4   300 
 x   x 
x 2  4x  96  0
 x  12  x  8   0
x  12 lots
270. Clock Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
x  the number of sec onds hand move

x
 the number of sec onds the minute hand moves
60
x
 the number of sec onds the hour hand moves
60  12 
From the figure :

x x
  15  
60  12  60
x
  x  15 
60  12 
x x
15    x  15
720 60
x 2x
  x  30  0
60 720
x  29 43 / 73 sec
271. Clock Problem:

x
x  15 
12
13
x  15
12
15  12  180 11
x   13 minutes
13 13 13
11
Time : 9 : 13
13
272. Clock Problem:

x  The number of minute, the minute hand travels after 9 o ' clock
x
 The number of minute, the hour hand travels
12
From the figure   
x 4
x  15  3  
12 12
12x  180  36  x  4
11x  220
x  20 minutes after 9 o ' clock
Therefore the time is 9 : 20
273. Clock Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
x  number of minutes traveled by the minute hand after 2' oclock

From the figure :
x
60   x  55
12
720  x  12x  660
11x  60
x  5 5 / 11 min.
Therefore the time is 2 : 5 5 / 11
274. Roots:
  r1  r2  r3   3; r1  r2  r3  3
r1r2  r1r3  r2r3  1
r1r2r3  5; r1r2r3  5
275. Cubic Equation:

x3  a1x 2  a2 x  a3  0
r1  2; r2  3; r3  5
a1    2  3  5   4
a2  2  3   2  5    3   5 
 6  10  15  11
a3    2   3   5    30
x3  4x 2  11x  30  0
276. Logarithm:
log10 x  log10 12  log10 13  log10 3
log10 x  log10
 12  13 
3
x
 12  13   52
3
277. Perform:
I
ALGEBRA I
ln x  3  ln5
ln x  ln 5  3
x
ln  3
5
x
 e3
5
x  5e3
278. Perform:
e3y ln y
Let :e3y ln y  c
3y  ln y  ln c
ln c  ln y  3y
c
 e3y
y
c  ye3y
279. Perform:
 
ln 4e2x  ln 4  ln e2x  ln 22  2x ln e  ln e  1  2ln 2  2x
280. Age Problem:

Let x  sister ' s present age
2
x  Mary ' s present age
3
x  20  sister ' s age 20 years hence
2
x  20  ry ' s age 20 years hence
3
7 2
 x  20   x  20
8 3
7 140 2x
x   20
8 8 3
5x 20

24 8
x  12
2
x8
3
281. Age Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let x  Henry ' s present age

y  John ' s present age
x  3  Henry ' s age 3 years ago
y  3  John' s age 3 years ago
x  3  2  y  3
x  3  2y  6
x  2y  3 eq.1
x  3  3  y  3
x  3  3y  9
x  3y  6 eq.2
Solving eq.1 and eq.2 :
x  21 and y  9
282. Age Problem:

Let x  Henry ' s present age
y  Frank ' s present age
x  6  Henry ' s age 6 years from now
y  6  Frank ' s age 6 years from now
x y
  11 eq.1
2 3
 x  6   y  6   40
x  y  28 eq.2
Substitute in eq.1
28  y y
  11
2 3
y  18 and x  10
283. Age Problem:

Let x  son ' s age at present
x  24  father ' s age at present
x  8  son' s age in 8 years
 x  24   8  father ' s age in 8 years
x  32  2  x  8   2x  16
x  16
x  24  40  present age of the father 
284. Age Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
41 yrs. old  man' s present age

8 yrs. old  son' s present age
Let x  number of years when the father be
three times as old as the son
41  x  3  9  x 
41  x  27  3x
2x  14
x  7 years
285. Age Problem:

Let x  age of the baby
x  12  age of somebody
4x  age of the babysitter
4x  x  12
3x  12
x4
4x  4  4   16
286. Digit Problem:

Let x  smaller number
132  x  larg er number
132  x 13
 6
x x
Multiplying all terms by x
132  x  6x  13
119  7x
7x  119
x  17 smaller number
132  x  115 larg er number
287. Digit Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
x  numerator
y  denominator
x 1 1
  eq.1
y2 8
x2 1
  eq.2
y6 4
8x  8  y  2
8x  y  10
4x  8  y  6
4x  y  2
eq.1 8x  y  10
eq.2  4x  y  2
4x  12
x3
x  3; substitute x value in eq.1
8  3   y  10
y  24  10
y  14
3
Therefore the fractions is .
14
288. Digit Problem:

x  1st number
y  2nd number
x  y  23...............eq.1
x 2  y 2  207.........eq.2
From eq.1 y  23  x ln  2 
2
x 2   23  x   207
x 2  529  46x  x 2  207
46x  736  0
736
x  16
46
y  23  16  7
289. Digit Problem:
I
ALGEBRA I
Let x  numerator
x  2  denominator
x 1 1

 x  2   3 2
x 1 1

x5 2
2  x  1  x  5
2x  2  x  5
x  7 numerator
x  2  9 denominator
7

9

0.60  560   x  0.76  560  x 
336  x  425.6  0.76x
0.24x  89.6
1
x  373 grams
3
I

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ALGEBRA I

2. Value of the Original Fraction:

3. Value of Numerical Coefficient:

7. Value of x to form a geometric progression:

10. Value of the original number:

12. Work Problem:

14. Age Problem:

15. Coefficient of the term:

16. Time it takes to fill the tank:

17. Work Problem:

18. Thickness of the folded paper:

Since the thickness of the paper will double every

19. Work Problem:

20. Rate Problem:

21. Clock Problem:

If the hands of the clock extend in opposite directions,

22. Age Problem:

23. Total value of the estate:

24. Rate Problem:

25. Square of the cube:

26. Work Problem:

27. Average profit:

28. Clock Problem:

29. Harmonic Progression:

30. Remainder Theorem:

31. Age Problem:

32. Consecutive integers:

33. Level Problem:

x  unknown dis tan ce

34. Digit Problem:

35. Work Problem:

36. Arithmetic Progression:

37. Remainder Theorem:

39. Number Problem:

40. The 1st term:

Thus, from equation 1:

42. Work Problem:

43. Sum of all even integers:

44. Sum and Product of Roots:

45. Digit Problem:

The word " exceeds " will become a symbol for

46. Work Problem:

48. Sum of all odd integers:

For numbers 10 to 500, the sequence of odd int egers is : 11,13,15,...499

50. Geometric Progression:

51. Solve for x:

52. Fraction Transformation:

54. Logarithm of 1 to any base:

55. Equation of roots:

56. Sum of the coefficients:

57. Solving for x:

60. Cube of the equation:

 a  b  3  a3  2a2b  ab2  a2b  2ab 2  b3

61. Factors of a2 – x2:

63. Equation of the relation:

65. Time it takes to fill the empty tank:

66. Time it takes Rellenar to do it alone:

67. Days it takes to finish the job:

total no. of days to finish the job

68. Value of a number:

69. Area of the new triangle:

70. Arithmetic mean of the remaining numbers:

71. Significant figures: