Online Lecture 1

Optical pyrometers
 Pyrometer
 Non-contact type instrument for measuring
high temperature of a body

 Radiation pyrometer: Instrument used to

measure high temp. by the method of
radiation

 Type of radiation pyrometer

(i) Total radiation pyrometer

(ii)Optical pyrometer
 Fery’s total radiation Pyrometer-Construction


𝑀
M = Concave mirror
𝑆 𝑅
 E = eye piece 𝐸
 D = diaphragm is placed at the focus of M
 S = a blackened metal strip 𝐷 𝑇 𝑇
 TT = a thermocouple
 P = screw for adjusting M
 R = a screen P G
 Fery’s total radiation Pyrometer-Working principle

 Adjust the M by P to focus the

𝑀
𝑆𝑅
radiation beam from a body on S 𝐸
𝐷 𝑇 𝑇
through D

 A circular focus beam is appeared P G

Figure 𝑎
through E like figure (b) for in focus

 if 𝑇 = 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑑𝑦

𝐸 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

4 𝐹𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑏
𝐸∝𝑇
Fery’s total radiation Pyrometer- Calibration

𝐸1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸2 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒, 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝐸1 ∝ 𝑇14
𝐸2 ∝ 𝑇24

𝐸1 𝑇14
= 4
𝐸2 𝑇2

1/4
𝐸2
𝑇2 = 𝑇1
𝐸1
Fery’s total radiation Pyrometer- Calibration curve
 Fery’s total radiation Pyrometer- Applications

Used to measure temperature of moving target.

Used to measure temperature of a target where physical

contact is impossible.

Used to measure invisible rays from radiations.

Fast response.

Used to measure very high temperature.

 Optical Pyrometer-disappearing filament type

 E = Eye Piece
 F = Filter
 B = Filament lamp
 A = Absorber
 L = lens
 H = Hot body T

 R = Rheostat
 M = Multimeter
 V = Battery
 T = Outer tube
Optical Pyrometer
 Optical Pyrometer

Disadvantages
1. Not use to measure low temperature (say below 500
degree Celsius)
2. The device is not useful for obtaining continuous values
of temperatures at small intervals.

Applications
1. Used to measure temperatures of liquid metals or highly
heated materials.
2. Can be used to measure furnace temperature.