Centromere

, structure in a chromosome that holds together the

two chromatids.

The spindle is the structure that pulls the

chromatids to opposite ends of the cell during the
cell division processes of mitosis.

Chromosomes become even more condesed,making

Astral microtubules them compact.
Microtubules. Spindle Anatomy
Polar microtubules

Kinetochore microtubules directly connect to the

Kinetochores.
kinetochore microtubules
The nuclear envelope breaks down and the chromosomes
are released.

Each chromosome has two chromatids, and each

chromatid has a kinetochore.
Chromosomes The mitotic spindle grow larger and some of the microtubles
begin to capture the chromosomes.

Prohase

the cell grows physically larger, copies G1 Phase

organelles, and makes the molecular building
blocks it will need in later steps All chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate
Metaphase

All this stage, the two kinetochores on each chromosome

Phases Of The must bind to microtubules at opposite poles of the spindle.
the cell synthesizes a complete copy of the Mitosis
DNA in its nucleus. It also duplicates a S Phase Cell Cycle
The sister chromatids separate from each
microtubule-organizing structure called the other.
centrosome. The centrosomes help separate
DNA during M phase.

The chromatids are pulled toward opposite poles of the

cell.
the cell grows more, makes proteins and Anaphase
organelles, and begins to reorganize its
contents in preparation for mitosis.
Mitosis begins
G2 Phase
Microtubules not attached to the chromosomes elongate
and push to separate the poles and make the cell longer.

The mitotic spindle breaks down into its basics components

The new nuclei are formed, one for each set of chromosomes

Nuclear membranes and nuclei reappear.

Mitosis is the part where the DNA of the cell nucleus
Have nucleus and other structures such as splits into two equal sets of chromosomes.
mitochondria divide and produce identical copies of
Telophase The chromosomes begin to descondense and return to
themselves by increasing their cell volume and their stringy shape.
duplicating their DNA.
Eukaryotes

The mechanisms of cell division vary between : Cytokinesis starts during the nuclear division phase
called anaphase and continues through telophase.
Are single celled organisms and have a simple internal Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell is
sturcture with free floating DNA. divided to produce two new cells that are genetically
identical. Performs an essential process to separate the cell in
half and ensure that one nucleus ends up in each
Prokaryotes daughter cell.
Cytokinesis
Use Cell division as a method of asexual
reproduction by binary fission.
The contractile ring shrinks to the point that there are
two separate cells each bound by its own plasma
membrane.