KHÓA LUYỆN THI TOEIC – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG

TOEIC - NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TÓM LƯỢC – BÀI 5

Trong tiết học này chúng ta sẽ học tiếp 4 thì cơ bản trong tiếng Anh tiếp theo bài 1:
+ Thì quá khứ đơn
+ Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
+ Thì quá khứ hoàn thành
+ Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Vẫn như bài trước, chúng ta sẽ có phần luyện tập sau mỗi phần.

VI. Past continuous tense(thì quá khứ tiếp diễn):

a. Usage(cách dùng):
1. Hành động xảy ra và kéo dài một thời gian trong quá khứ.
Ex: Yesterday, it was raining heavily the whole morning.
2. Hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
Ex: We were learning English at this time last Sunday.
3. Hành động đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thì có một hành động khác xen vào.
Ex: While I was going to school yesterday morning, I met my friend.
4. Hai hay nhiều hành động cùng xảy ra đồng thời trong quá khứ.
Ex: While my mother was cooking, my father was watching TV, I was reading.
b. Formula(công thức):
Forms Formula Using for remain The singular third
(các thể) (công thức) (các ngôi khác) (ngôi thứ 3 số ít)
Affirmative
S + was/were + V-ing +( O) You were walking. He was walking.
(câu xác định)
Negative was
S+ + not + V-ing + O You weren’t walking. He wasn’t walking.
(câu phủ định) were
Interrogative Was
+ S + V-ing + O? Were you walking? Was he walking?
(câu nghi vấn) Were
Negative interrogative Was
+ not + S + V-ing + O? Weren’t you walking? Wasn’t he walking?
(câu phủ định nghi vấn) Were
c. Conjunctions(các liên từ cần nhớ):
while when : khi, thì
: trong khi, ngay khi
as at the/that/this time : ngay khi

* Notes(chú ý): Thông thường chúng ta có thể sử dụng cấu trúc sau:
Ex: While we were having dinner, the phone rang. Ex: We were having dinner when the phone
rang.
While + S + was/were + V-ing + O, S + V2/ed + O
Past continuous tense Simple past tense
(thì quá khứ tiếp diễn) (thì quá khứ đơn)
When + S + V2/ed + O, S + was/were + V-ing + O
Simple past tense Past continuous tense
(thì quá khứ đơn) (thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)

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Luyện tập:
1. I saw Maggie at the party. She………. a red coat.
a. wears b. wore c. was wearing d. has worn
2. We……… English this time last week.
a. learned b. were learning c. have learned d. had learned
3. Alan took a photograph of Sandra while she ………
a. didn't look b. wasn't looking
c. hasn't looked d. hadn't looked
4. Last night Tina………. in bed when suddenly she heard a scream.
a. read b. was reading c. had read d. had read
5. While my mother ………dinner, the phone rang.
a. cooked b. had cooked c. has cooked d. was cooking
6. I……….. TV at 8:30 last night.
a. watched b. was watching c. has watched d. had watched
7. Stephen………… on the phone when I came in.
a. talked b. was talking c. has talked d. has been talking
8. When he worked here, Simon………. mistakes.
a. always made b. made always
c. was always making d. was making always.
9. We did not go out because it………….
a. would rain b. was raining c. had rained d. has rained
10. The wind………. very hard when the ship sailed around the Mediterranean Sea.
a. blew b. was blowing c. has blown d. was blown
11. It was noisy next door. Our neighbors…….. a party.
a. had b. were having c. had had d. have had
12. At 5 o'clock yesterday evening, I……….. my clothes.
a. am ironing b. have ironed c. ironed d. was ironing
13. . I……… along the street when I suddenly heard footsteps behind me
a.was walking b. walking c.walk d. walked

VII. Past perfect tense(thì quá khứ hoàn thành):

a. Usage(cách dùng):
1. Diễn tả một hành động hay một sự việc xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.
Ex: After I had watched TV last night, I went to bed.
2. Diễn tả một hành động hay một sự việc xảy ra trước một thời điểm nào đó trong quá khứ.
Ex: She had done her homework before 4 o’clock yesterday.
b. Formula(công thức):
Forms Formula Using for remain The singular third
(các thể) (công thức) (các ngôi khác) (ngôi thứ 3 số ít)
Affirmative
S + had + V3/ed + O You had walked. He had walked.
(câu xác định)
Negative S + had + not + V3/ed + O You had not walked. He had not walked.
(câu phủ định) (hadn’t) (hadn’t) (hadn’t)
Interrogative Had you walked?
Had + S + V3/ed + O? Had he walked?
(câu nghi vấn)
Negative interrogative
Hadn’t + S + V3/ed + O? Hadn’t you walked? Hadn’t he walked?
(câu phủ định nghi vấn)

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c. Conjunctions(các liên từ cần nhớ):

after : sau khi before/by the time: trước khi
* Notes(chú ý):
After + S + had + V3/ed + O, S + V2/ed + O
Before + S + V2/ed + O, S + had + V3/ed + O
VIII. Past perfect continuous tense (thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn):
a. Usage(cách dùng):
Diễn tả một hành động hay một sự việc xảy ra trước một hành động hay một thời điểm nào đó
trong quá khứ.
(Ý muốn nhân mạnh sự tiếp diễn liên tục của hành động)
Ex: By the time he had been waitng for his work, he went home.
b. Formula(công thức):
Forms Formula Using for remain The singular third
(các thể) (công thức) (các ngôi khác) (ngôi thứ 3 số ít)
Affirmative
S + had + been + V-ing + O You had been walking. He had been walking.
(câu xác định)
Negative S + had + not + been + V-ing+ O
You hadn’t been walking. He hadn’t been walking.
(câu phủ định) (hadn’t)
Interrogative
Had + S + been + V-ing + O? Had you been walking? Had he been walking?
(câu nghi vấn)
Negative interrogative
Hadn’t + S + been + V-ing + O? Hadn’t you been walking? Hadn’t he been walking?
(câu phủ định nghi vấn)
c. Conjunctions(các trạng từ cần nhớ):
By the time: ngay thời gian
* Notes(chú ý):
Thì này người ta có xu hướng ít sử dụng và không đổi sang thể bị động ở thì này.

Luyện tập:
1. After I…….. lunch, I looked for my bag
a. had b. had had c. have has d. have had
2. Almost everyone………. for home by the time we arrived.
a. leave b. left c. leaves d. had left
3. By the age of 25, he……….. two famous novels.
a. wrote b. writes c. has written d. had written
4. I couldn't cut the grass because the machine………… a few days previously.
a. broke down b. has been broken c. had broken down d. breaks down
5. When I arrived at the party, Martha ………..home already.
a. went b. have gone c. had gone d. would go
6. Henry……… for 10 years when he finally gave it up.
a. has smoked b. has been smoking
c. smoked d. had smoked
7. When boarding the plane, many passengers were annoyed because they ……….waiting in
the airport for three and a half hours.
a. are b. were c. have been d. had been
8. Their football team………… a championship until last season.
a. has never won b. is never winning
c. had never been winning d. had never won

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9. We cleaned up the room as soon as the guests……….

a. had left b. has left c. left d. were leaving
10. The secretary……….. the report by 10:00 yesterday.
a. hadn't finished b. hasn't finished
c. didn't finish d. would finish
11. ……….. to rain before you woke up this morning?
a. Did it begin b. Has it begun c. Had it begun d. Would it begin
12. My daughter saw a elephant this morning but she……… one before.
a. had never seen b. has never seen
c. never seen d. never had seen
13. What did the farmer do after locusts……….. their crop?
a. damage b. are damaged
c. have damaged d. had damaged
14. He would have given you some advice if you………… him to.
a. would have asked b. had asked
c. asked d. would ask
15. When their first child was born, they………. married for three years.
a. have been married b. had been married
c. will been married d. will have been married
16. I was sad when I sold my car. I……….. it for a very long time.
a. am running b. were running
c. had been running d. have been running
17. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We…….. for more than 24 hours.
a. had been traveling b. were traveling
c. have traveled d. traveled
18. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody……. straight to bed.
a. had gone b. have gone c. went d. go
19. The man sitting next to me on the plane was nervous because he…….. before.
a. hasn't flown b. didn't fly c. hadn't flown d. wasn't flying
20. Tim was tired. He……… hard all day.
a. has been studying b. studies
c. studied d. had been studying

Đáp án các bài tập có trong video cô Mai Phương giảng tại website moon.vn!

Mời các em luyện tập thêm các bài tập có liên quan:

Put the verb in brackets in the Past Simple or Past Perfect:

Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở dạng quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành:

1. They (go) ……………..home after they (finish) ………………… their work.

2. She said that she (already, see) ……………………. Dr. Rice.
3. After taking a bath, he (go) ………………………….. to bed.
4. He told me he (not/eat) ………………………… such kind of food before.
5. When he came to the stadium, the match (already/begin) ………………………………….
6. Before she (watch) ………………….. TV, she (do)……………………. homework.
7. What (be) …………….. he when he (be) ………………. young?
8. After they (go) ………………………, I (sit) ……………….. down and (rest) ……………

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9. Yesterday, John (go) ………………….. to the store before he (go) …………………

home.
10. She (win) ………………………. the gold medal in 1986.
11. Our teacher (tell) …………….. us yesterday that he (visit) ……………… England in
1970.
12. Alan (have) ………. hardly (prepare)……….. for dinner when her husband
(go)……..home
13. No sooner (have) …………….… I (watch)……………. TV than the phone
(ring)…………
14. - “ It is the first time I have eaten sushi” , said Bill.
- Bill said it (be) ……….. the first time he (eat) ……………….. sushi.
15. – “ I broke my glasses yesterday”, said Lan.
- Lan said that she (break) …………………………………… her glasses the day before.

Đáp án:
1. They went ……………..home after they finished………………… their work.
2. She said that she had already seen……………………. Dr. Rice.
3. After taking a bath, he went………………………….. to bed.
4. He told me he had not eaten………………………… such kind of food before.
5. When he came to the stadium, the match had already begun ……………………….
6. Before she watched………………….. TV, she had done………………. homework.
7. What ………was he when he was ………………. young?
8. After they had gone……………, I sat ……………….. down and rested ……………
9. Yesterday, John had gone……….. to the store before he went………………… home.
10. She won………………………. the gold medal in 1986.
11. Our teacher told…………….. us yesterday that he had visited……………… England in
1970.
12. Alan had……. Hardly prepared……….. for dinner when her husband went….home
13. No sooner had …………….… I watched……………. TV than the phone rang………
14. - “ It is the first time I have eaten sushi” , said Bill.
- Bill said it was ……….. the first time he had eaten……………….. sushi.
15. – “ I broke my glasses yesterday”, said Lan.
- Lan said that she had broken…………………………………… her glasses the day before.

Chú ý:

Ở các câu 14 và 15 các em có thể chú ý rằng:

Ở hiện tại, chúng ta có cấu trúc với thì hiện tại hoàn thành:

“It is the first time I have eaten sushi” said Bill

“Đây là lần đầu tiên tôi ăn Sushi” Bill nói

Khi chuyển sang câu dưới, hiện tại lùi về quá khứ, hiện tại hoàn thành lùi về quá khứ hoàn
thành ( is  was và have eaten  had eaten) để kể lại một câu nói trong quá khứ.

Bill said it was the first time he had eaten sushi

Bill nói đó là lần đầu tiên anh ấy đã ăn sushi.

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Đây cũng chính là cách để chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp. Để ý câu 14. Câu trên
là câu trực tiếp trích dẫn có ngoặc kép. Câu dưới là câu tường thuật lại.

Câu 15 hành động said ở quá khứ (Lan nói) vậy thì với trạng ngữ the day before (ngày hôm
trước đó nữa) của hành động (said) thì phải là quá khứ hoàn thành.

Rồi. Các em xem lại bài thật kỹ nhé. Chúc các em học tốt!
Cô Mai Phương

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