Dissertation Report ON Indian Habitats Village Mohammad Ganj, Kakrala, Badaun

DISSERTATION REPORT
ON
INDIAN HABITATS
VILLAGE MOHAMMAD GANJ, KAKRALA,
BADAUN
B. Arch 4TH YEAR (SFS)

2019-2020
SUBMITTED BY-
MOAMMAD SHADAN KHAN
GUIDED BY-
Prof. S.M AKHTAR
AR. ARSHIYA AHMED

AR. IQTEDAR ALAM
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE & EKISTICS

JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA,
NEW DELHI-110025
CIRTIFICATE
In the partial fulfillment of the B. Arch (4TH Year) degree program, this is to
certify that ‘MOHAMMAD SHADAN KHAN” has worked on the Dissertation
Report entitled “VILLAGE MOHAMMAD GANJ, KAKRALA, BADAUN” under
my guidance and supervision.
Prof. S M AKHTAR Ar. ARSHIYA AHMED
Dissertation Guide
Dissertation Guide
Ar. IQTEDAR ALAM
Dissertation Guide
Prof. S M AKHTAR Prof. HINA ZIYA
Head of Department Dean
External Examiner 1
External Examiner 2
DECLARATION
I MOHAMMAD SHADAN KHAN, hereby declare that the Dissertation entitled

“VILLAGE MOHAMMAD GANJ, KAKRALA, BADAUN” ‘submitted in the partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Architecture
(4th Year) is my original research work and that the information taken from secondary
sources is given due citations and references.
MOHAMMAD SHADAN KHAN
Date: Bachelor of Architecture
Place:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I would like to thank the Almighty for giving me the strength to able
to complete my work in the best possible way.
I would also like to thank F/o Architecture & Ekistics for providing me the
opportunity to undertaken this dissertation.
I express my gratitude to my guides for their guidance and encouragement

that made this work possible.
Lastly, I would like to express sincere thanks to our parents and friends who
were
ABSTRACT
This dissertation mainly focuses on the settlements that share the one
common resources i.e RIVER of the village. The systematic drawing of
the settlements , the dissertation will carry forward with the explanation of
how the village depend on the resources for their economic growth.
After the detailed study of the settlement , the major focus on the deep
analysis of the settlements with respect to the river. Work on the various
parameters of the settlement. At the end, the study is concluded with the
things that we found out after the study on the village and link with the
resource.
VILLAGE MOHAMMAD GANJ, KAKRALA, BADAUN
1 Contents
2 SYNOPSIS ................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Need of the study- ............................................................................................................. 4
2.2 AIM .................................................................................................................................... 4
2.3 OBJECTIVE .......................................................................................................................... 4
2.4 SCOPE ................................................................................................................................ 4
2.5 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 4
2.6 SOURCE.............................................................................................................................. 4
2.7 DATA ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................. 4
3 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 6
3.1 CONTEXT............................................................................................................................ 6
3.2 LOCATION AND ADMINISTRATION ..................................................................................... 7
3.3 EDUCATION........................................................................................................................ 7
3.4 AGRICULTURE .................................................................................................................... 7
3.5 DRINKING WATER AND SENITATION................................................................................... 8
3.6 CASTE FACTOR ................................................................................................................... 8
3.7 WORK PROFILE ................................................................................................................... 8
4 ABUOT VILLAGE HISTORY ........................................................................................................... 9
4.1 ABOUT RIVER ................................................................................................................... 11
4.2 WATER LEVELS IN DIFFERENT SEASON.............................................................................. 13
4.3 ACTIVITEIS BASED ON THE RSESOURCE ............................................................................ 13
5 RELATION BETWEEN SETTLEMENT AND RIVER- ........................................................................ 13
5.1 NEAREST DISTANCE TO SETTLEMENT- .............................................................................. 13
.................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.2 NEAREST DISTANCE TO AGRICULTURE LAND .................................................................... 13
6 SCHEMETIC DIAGRAM OF RESOURCES ..................................................................................... 14
6.1 SETTELEMENT DEVELOPMENT ......................................................................................... 14
6.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESOURCE AND SETTLEMENT ................................................... 16
6.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAJOR SPOT OF RESOURCE AND ACTIVITY ............................... 17
.................................................................................................................................................... 18
6.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESOURCE BETWEEN MAJOR ACTIVITY ..................................... 18
7 UNITS LAYOUTS ....................................................................................................................... 21
7.1 COMMON FEATURES OF UNITS ........................................................................................ 21
7.2 UNIT PLANNING- TYPE 1 .................................................................................................. 21
7.3 TYPE 2 .............................................................................................................................. 22
1
7.4 TYPE 3 .............................................................................................................................. 23

8 Material and construction........................................................................................................ 26
9 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................. 26
10 REFRENCES- ......................................................................................................................... 27
2
Figure 1- village map ......................................................................................................................... 6

Figure 2- map of village context ......................................................................................................... 7
Figure 3- River showing inside the boundary of village ....................................................................... 9
Figure 4- map of 2020........................................................................................................................ 9
Figure 5- map of 2009...................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 6- Road, river and settlement relation................................................................................... 11
Figure 7- over bridge ....................................................................................................................... 11
Figure 8- Agriculture land ................................................................................................................ 12
Figure 9- water from river to agriculture land .................................................................................. 12
Figure 10- section cut by over bridge ............................................................................................... 13
Figure 11-relation between agriculture land and river ..................................................................... 13
Figure 12- settlement development................................................................................................. 14
Figure 13- new settlement............................................................................................................... 15
Figure 14- old settlement ................................................................................................................ 15
Figure 15- relationship between resource & settlement .................................................................. 16
Figure 16- major road through settlement ....................................................................................... 16
Figure 17- major spot of resource .................................................................................................... 17
Figure 18- over bridge ..................................................................................................................... 17
Figure 19- context of over bridge ..................................................................................................... 18
Figure 20- irrigation land map.......................................................................................................... 18
Figure 21- irrigation land ................................................................................................................. 19
Figure 22- Diesel Engine .................................................................................................................. 19
Figure 23- Water Piping through source .......................................................................................... 20
Figure 24- irrigation through diesel engine ...................................................................................... 20
Figure 25- common cattle space ...................................................................................................... 24
Figure 26- cattle space ..................................................................................................................... 24
Figure 27- cattle space ..................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 28- common space ................................................................................................................ 25
3
2 SYNOPSIS
2.1 Need of the study-
I have studied my village for learning of habitation with respect to resources such as river. To
understand the life of people in rural areas and to understand all the positive and negative
aspects of rural settlements which is based on resources such as river.
2.2 AIM
To study the impact of the water of the river as a resource in daily life of the rural people and
water have play a critical role in agriculture and also socially and economically development
of the village.
2.3 OBJECTIVE
• To understand that how river helps in agriculture of rural people.
• To understand the how the settlement around the river.
• To study the various activities that are connected with water.
• To understand how people relate river in his life.
2.4 SCOPE
• How the water body affect the livelihood of the villages.
• Bridging the gap between resource and habitats.
• To study the variation of the rural life with respect to one resource.
2.5 METHODOLOGY
The data collected are on demography, social structure, infrastructure facilities, village
economy. Both Quantitative and Qualitative data were collected. The quantitative data were
on population, land holding, literacy rate. The qualitative data were quality of drinking water,
sanitation, food habit which were obtained from the village after the interaction with the
villagers.
2.6 SOURCE
The primary data are collected from direct interaction with villagers during household
surveys (through questionnaire), group discussions, informal interviews. collect different
information regarding social and economical status of the villagers from all caste, and
economic group.
The secondary data are collected from Gram Panchayat Office,Patwari, Sarpanch and
Internet.
2.7 DATA ANALYSIS

Analyze the data collected on various things like, caste, sex ratio, different occupations,
livestock, assets, land holding pattern, literacy level, and different infrastructure like
road, electrification etc .
4
Select topic
Rationale
Aim
Data Collection
Primary Data Secondary Data Tertiary Data
Personal Published/verified Unpublished

Collection/Interviews/ Sources. sources
survey/site visit.
Chapterisation
Analysing/conclusion
Analyse
5
3 INTRODUCTION
Mohammad Ganj is a Village in Qadar Chowk Block in Budaun District of Uttar Pradesh State,
India. It belongs to Bareilly Division. It is located 20 KM towards South from District head
quarters Budaun. 10 KM from Qadarchowk. 245 KM from State capital Lucknow
Behta Dambarnagar ( 2 KM ) , Bhojpur Narayanpur ( 2 KM ) , Kakrala Town Bahar ( 3 KM ) ,
Uraulia ( 3 KM ) , Kachaura ( 3 KM ) are the nearby Villages to Mohammad Ganj. Mohammad
Ganj is surrounded by Jagat Block towards North , Mion Block towards East , Usawan Block
towardsSouth,Budaun Block towards North .Budaun , Sahawar , Soron , Sahaswan are the
near by Cities to MohammadGanj.
This Place is in the border of the Budaun District and Kanshiram Nagar District. Kanshiram
Nagar District Patiyali is South towards this place.
Figure 1- village map

Source- https://www.google.com/intl/en_in/earth/
Mohammad Ganj is total 592 families residing. The Mohammad Ganj village has population
of 3759 of which 2022 are males while 1737 are females as per Population Census 2011.
In Mohammad Ganj village population of children with age 0-6 is 777 which makes up 20.67
% of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Mohammad Ganj village is 859 which is
lower than Uttar Pradesh state average of 912. Child Sex Ratio for the Mohammad Ganj as
per censusis 886,lower than Uttar Pradesh averageof 902.
Mohammad Ganj village has lower literacy rate compared to Uttar Pradesh. In 2011, literacy
rate of Mohammad Ganj village was 39.40 % compared to 67.68 % of Uttar Pradesh. In
Mohammad Ganj Male literacy stands at 46.34 % while female literacy rate was 31.27 %.
As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Mohammad Ganj village is administrated
by Sarpanch (Head of Village) who is elected representative of village. Our website, don't have
information about schools and hospital in Mohammad Ganj village.
3.1 CONTEXT
It belongs to Bareilly Division . It is located 20 KM towards South from District head quarters
Budaun. 10 KM from Qadarchowk. 245 KM from State capital Lucknow.
Behta Dambarnagar ( 2 KM ) , Bhojpur Narayanpur ( 2 KM ) , Kakrala Town Bahar ( 3 KM ) ,
6
Uraulia ( 3 KM ) , Kachaura ( 3 KM ) are the nearby Villages to Mohammad

Ganj. Mohammad Ganj is surrounded by Jagat Block towards North , Mion Block towards
East , Usawan Block towards South , Budaun Block towards North .
Budaun , Sahawar , Soron , Sahaswan are the near by Cities to Mohammad Ganj.
This Place is in the border of the Budaun District and Kanshiram Nagar District. Kanshiram
Nagar District Patiyali is South towards this place .
Figure 2- map of village context
Source- https://www.google.com/intl/en_in/earth/
3.2 LOCATION AND ADMINISTRATION

Mohammad Ganj Village Gram Panchayath name is Muhmmad Ganj. Mohammad Ganj is 23
km distance from Sub District HeadQuarter Budaun and it is 23 km distance from District Head
Quarter Budaun. Nearest Statutory Town is Budaun in 0 km Distance . Mohammad Ganj Total
area is 355.23 hectares, Non-Agricultural area is 39.17 hectares andTotal irrigated area is
337.42 hectares.
3.3 EDUCATION
Govt Primary and Govt Middle Schools are available in this Village. Nearest Govt Arts and
Science Degree College, Govt Polytechnic College and Govt ITA College are in Badaun.
Nearest Private Medical College and Private MBA college are in Barelly. Nearest Govt
Engineering College is in Bareilly. Nearest Private Pre Primary School, Private Secondary
School and Private Senior Secondary School are in Kakrala.
3.4 AGRICULTURE
Wheat is agriculture commodities grow in this village. Bajra is Product Manufactured in this
village. 5 hours agricultural power supply in summer and 5 hours agricultural power supply in
winter is available in this village. Total irrigated area in this village is 337.42 hectares from
Boreholes/Tube wells 337.42 hectares is the Source of irrigation.
7
3.5 DRINKING WATER AND SENITATION

Treated Tap Water Supply all round the year and in summer also available. Untreated Tap
Water Supply all round the year and in summer available. Hand Pump is other Drinking Water
sources.
Open Drainage System Available in this Village. There is system to Collect garbage on street.
Drain water is discharged into sewer plant.
3.6 CASTE FACTOR

Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes 2.31 % of total population in Mohammad Ganj village. The
village Mohammad Ganj currently doesn’t have any Schedule Tribe (ST) population.
3.7 WORK PROFILE

In Mohammad Ganj village out of total population, 922 were engaged in work activities. 88.72
% of workers describe their work as Main Work (Employment or Earning more than 6 Months)
while 11.28 % were involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months.
Of 922 workers engaged in Main Work, 329 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 421
were Agricultural labourer.
https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/128633-mohammad-ganj-uttar-pradesh.html
8
4 ABUOT VILLAGE HISTORY

First we understand at macro level that where is river located and how much area covered by
river of village so in this map showing river and village boundary area and also showing 2 km
context which is kakrala town.
Figure 3- River showing inside the boundary of village
Figure 4- map of 2020
In these map we are showing how settelment develop and how agriculture land is develop
based on the river first in 2009 map village side mostly land is open which is not using for
agriculture and we see in 2020 map agriculture land is increase and also some settelement is
9
increase based on the agriculture needs increasing settelment and also open land convert in
agriculture land.
Figure 5- map of 2009
Mohammad Ganj is a Village near the sot river and settlement of mohammad ganj village is
unplanned form and distance between river is 1.2 km and maximum part of river is used for
irrigation but main site is taken under over bridge which is located in main road of this village
basically different location of river are used in different way based on the settlement and
agriculture land.Main spot of this village is over bridge which is connect to kakrala town and
this over bridge has lot of activities based on the months.
Road network is basically a major road is 6 mt wide which is direct connect kakrala town and
other side of road is connects evenly distributed throughout the village. this road is passed on
the river this passing point is 1.2 km and here is a over bridge which is way of crossing river
and this is called pulia and this is the one main attraction point for this village.
The settlement are distributed on the basis of case system and maximum people of this
villages depends upon the agriculture and some people of this village is job oriented which is
government and private teachers and others type of job. The whole settlement is unplanned
way and community spaces is open area which called chaopal which is centre part of the
village this is basically meeting point for every type of people and also children play area.
Maximum residence has own cattle area and also a common area on various distance that
may be a road or other open land or plot of land. Some roads is pucca which is outer side on
the village and inside the village maximum road is kacchi which called khiranza.
Here is no proper drainage system basically open drainage system is work here which is
direct goes in river and also rain water is direct in goes in river.
10
Most of houses in this village are conctructed by brick and cement concrete but mostly are
without plaster outer wall. Maximum house have electricity connections, hand pumps.
4.1 ABOUT RIVER
Figure 6- Road, river and settlement relation
The red circle is major zone which is over bridge and in this area lot of activities and here
basically showing major road which showing strong relation between kakrala town and village.
Figure 7- over bridge
Source- author
11
Figure 8- Agriculture land
In this picture showing agriculture land which is direct connect to river.
Figure 9- water from river to agriculture land
Here is showing water used in agriculture land by diesel engine.
12
4.2 WATER LEVELS IN DIFFERENT SEASON

Summer : up to 3 to 4m decrease in summer season.
Monsoon : water level up to on road level(over bridge).
Winter : up to 2 to 4 meter.
4.3 ACTIVITEIS BASED ON THE RSESOURCE

• Irrigation for agriculture land (mostly farmers of this village depend water of this river
for irrigation for agriculture land)
• Washing (some of people are used for clothes wash)
• Fishing (some of farmers for fishing marketing)
• Cattles washing (mostly farmer used for his cattles)
• Playing area (children play cricket and others game near open land of this river)
5 RELATION BETWEEN SETTLEMENT AND RIVER-

In this chapter we will see that how settlement depend on the resource and distance and major
cycle of relationship between us.
5.1 NEAREST DISTANCE TO SETTLEMENT-
Figure 10- section cut by over bridge
Source- Self
Here is showing relation between settlement and river which is direct conncet at 1200 mt so
basically they are walking this distance and use this resource and over bridge is connection
of town so this major road is very busy for marketing and also uses by resource.
5.2 NEAREST DISTANCE TO AGRICULTURE LAND
Figure 11-relation between agriculture land and river
13
After road all area is just close to river and direct conncet to river water so basically simply
used water for agriculture land and settlement distance is change various places but
agriculture land is near so mostly farmers used water easily.
Some farmers this water used for constructs pond near the river land and this pond they used
in fishing marketing.
6 SCHEMETIC DIAGRAM OF RESOURCES

6.1 SETTELEMENT DEVELOPMENT
The settlement of village basically connects by three roads so develop new settlement along
road side and they will work based on the road activities like; shops, auto rikhsha etc and old
settlement in the middle and lower side which have naroow roads and no direct connectivity
to road and few units of new settlements develope on kakrala road which is connect by river
and over bridge.
In this image showing settlement zones and major roads and around the settlement agriculture
land which is main rsource of people for income and maximum units of new settlement are
depends on the road activity the are not fully depend on the river and agriculture.
Figure 12- settlement development
Source- Self
14
Figure 13- new settlement
Figure 14- old settlement
15
6.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESOURCE AND SETTLEMENT

In this image showing some units which is direct depends on the resoource, these units used
this resource like farming, cattle washing and clothes washing. Maximum units in old
settlement and these units have regular uses resource.
Figure 15- relationship between resource & settlement
Figure 16- major road through settlement
16
6.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAJOR SPOT OF RESOURCE AND ACTIVITY

This is major spot of the village and all activities rest of agriculture irrigation to be there some
activities under the bridge nad some activites at the bridge and side of the bridge, some of
example of under the activity are cattles washing, washing clothes and sometimes based on
the season fishing to be there and also side of the bridge children use open land for play.
Figure 17- major spot of resource
Figure 18- over bridge
17
Figure 19- context of over bridge
6.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESOURCE BETWEEN MAJOR ACTIVITY

Major used of this resource is irrigation and here showing some areas of irrigation land.
Farmers used water by diesel engine and used pvc pipe for irrigation and here green dots
showing nearest agriculture land which used maximum irrigation.
Figure 20- irrigation land map
18
Figure 21- irrigation land
Figure 22- Diesel Engine
19
Figure 23- Water Piping through source
Figure 24- irrigation through diesel engine
20
7 UNITS LAYOUTS
In villages people are mostly prefer to live in an open areas. The units are not compacted .all
units have a ground floor and terrace which is easily accessible. People are sit and chat in
group.it act as a private space which is directly and indirectly connected to the entrance.
Mostly units constructed Based on the new modern typically house planning but those who
are new houses that’s all houses designed in the way of requirements and needs of village’s
people and own need based on the rural needs. And old settlement houses basically have
common courtyard and leave outside semi- open area which used in the parking and sitting
spaces and cattle area.
7.1 COMMON FEATURES OF UNITS

• Common Courtyard (Aangan)
• Private Cattle space
• Semi-open space at the entry point
• Store room for straw for cattle
7.2 UNIT PLANNING- TYPE 1

These types of units have cattle area outside the units at the entrance point.
21
7.3 TYPE 2
These types of units are basically very simple and open spaces are maximum store, hand
pump, kitchen spaces in open area and climate based position also changed.
22
7.4 TYPE 3
These types of units are very small and cattle area inside and outside used.
23
Figure 25- common cattle space
These are some common spaces which used in cattle area and also children play area.
Figure 26- cattle space
this space is mainly used in cattle space and this is the private space which have units plan.
24
Figure 27- cattle space
Here is also common space used for both cattle and children play area.
Figure 28- common space
25
8 Material and construction

Some materials are used locally like clay and kachha bricks and R.C.C and bricks transported
to kakrala.
• All units are load bearing structure.

• Bricks, R.C.C are used.
• The flooring are made up of clay and some house have pakka floor means r.c.c
flooring.
• External walls are made up of bricks
• Courtyards flooring basically clay or kachha bricks.
9 ANALYSIS
Water resources like river is the important resource for the village people. It helps different
types of activities and in villages water requirements increase for mainly irrigation so impact
of water is to be good on villages. In this village we studies that how they irrigate agriculture
land through river and how they used river water another use like washing clothes, cattle
washing and also fishing.
Major spot of this village or river is over bridge that’s direct connect to kakrala and this is the
very busy over bridge and people used this bridge for playing and social gathering and this
bridge under the river so villagers used this space mostly and they will used every type of
activiy.
The villagers used these types of works and create opportunities and also after that they
control your economical condition like when electricity not provided then they used water
through river by diesel engine and use in agriculture land for irrigation and some of villagers
do washing clothes business. In this village maximum people depends on the agriculture and
this is small village so they have face electricity problem and maximum farmers used river
water. And all settlement have store and open area for cattle and straw there is typical
settlement pattern they have basically needs of a huge courtyard so every unit in this village
have courtyard and means we can say that courtyard houses make here.
Some cluster depends only on river water for irrigation and some of have tube well and
some of have own private diesel engine. And new settlement develop around the road
network of the village mainly the whole village covered in agriculture land and two major
roads one is kakrala road and second is behta road that’s direct connect in district badaun
so in new settlement develop road side those economy is good because they open your own
shops on the road side and that’s busy road so they got good job by users which travel to
this village to another village.
26
10 REFRENCES-
• https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/128633-mohammad-ganj-uttar-pradesh.html
• http://www.onefivenine.com/india/census/village/Budaun/Budaun/Mohammad-Ganj
• http://www.onefivenine.com/india/villages/Budaun/Qadar-Chowk/Mohammad-Ganj
• https://www.slideshare.net/nishant_jaiswal/village-report
• https://journals.openedition.org/samaj/5384
27

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DISSERTATION REPORT

B. Arch 4TH YEAR (SFS)

AR. ARSHIYA AHMED

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE & EKISTICS

Prof. S M AKHTAR Ar. ARSHIYA AHMED

Ar. IQTEDAR ALAM

Prof. S M AKHTAR Prof. HINA ZIYA

Head of Department Dean

I MOHAMMAD SHADAN KHAN, hereby declare that the Dissertation entitled

MOHAMMAD SHADAN KHAN

Date: Bachelor of Architecture

I express my gratitude to my guides for their guidance and encouragement

7.4 TYPE 3 .............................................................................................................................. 23

Figure 1- village map ......................................................................................................................... 6

2.7 DATA ANALYSIS

Primary Data Secondary Data Tertiary Data

Personal Published/verified Unpublished

Figure 1- village map

Uraulia ( 3 KM ) , Kachaura ( 3 KM ) are the nearby Villages to Mohammad

Figure 2- map of village context

3.2 LOCATION AND ADMINISTRATION

3.5 DRINKING WATER AND SENITATION

3.6 CASTE FACTOR

3.7 WORK PROFILE

4 ABUOT VILLAGE HISTORY

Figure 3- River showing inside the boundary of village

Figure 4- map of 2020

Figure 5- map of 2009

4.1 ABOUT RIVER

Figure 6- Road, river and settlement relation

Figure 7- over bridge

Figure 8- Agriculture land

In this picture showing agriculture land which is direct connect to river.

Figure 9- water from river to agriculture land

Here is showing water used in agriculture land by diesel engine.

4.2 WATER LEVELS IN DIFFERENT SEASON

4.3 ACTIVITEIS BASED ON THE RSESOURCE

5 RELATION BETWEEN SETTLEMENT AND RIVER-

5.1 NEAREST DISTANCE TO SETTLEMENT-

Figure 10- section cut by over bridge

5.2 NEAREST DISTANCE TO AGRICULTURE LAND

Figure 11-relation between agriculture land and river

6 SCHEMETIC DIAGRAM OF RESOURCES

Figure 12- settlement development

Figure 13- new settlement

Figure 14- old settlement

6.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESOURCE AND SETTLEMENT

Figure 15- relationship between resource & settlement

Figure 16- major road through settlement

6.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAJOR SPOT OF RESOURCE AND ACTIVITY

Figure 17- major spot of resource

Figure 18- over bridge

Figure 19- context of over bridge

6.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESOURCE BETWEEN MAJOR ACTIVITY

Figure 20- irrigation land map

Figure 21- irrigation land

Figure 22- Diesel Engine

Figure 23- Water Piping through source

Figure 24- irrigation through diesel engine

7.1 COMMON FEATURES OF UNITS

7.2 UNIT PLANNING- TYPE 1

Figure 25- common cattle space

Figure 26- cattle space