MATA KULIAH : BAHASA INGGRIS

SEMESTER : II ( GENAP)
T.A : 2019/2020
DOSEN : MAYA HANDAYANI SINAGA, SS.,M.Pd
PERTEMUAN KE : 8-9 (2 KALI PERTEMUAN)
MATERI : PARTS OF SPEECH

1. Noun : Person, Place or Thing

You may be wondering which words are nouns? A noun is defined as a person, place, thing
or idea. Proper nouns, which are specific nouns that a person knows (such as the name of
a restaurant), always begin with a capital letter. Common nouns, which are general words,
such as "cars," are not capitalized.
Examples :
 I buy a book.
 She is beautiful girl.
 They have much money today.

2. Pronoun : In Place of a Noun

A pronoun is a word that can be used in place of a noun, typically after the noun itself has
already been stated. The pronouns are "I, You, He, She, It, We, They." An example of this
in speech is, "James likes to eat pizza, but he prefers pepperoni." In this case, "he" is the
pronoun because it is being used in place of the noun which is "James."
Examples :
 I love her.
 Dea send me a parcel.
 This is our class.
 He kicked the ball.

3. Verb : An Action Word

A verb is one of the 10 parts of speech that can be confusing for language learners
because it needs to be conjugated based on the tense and the pronoun. A verb is an action
word or "doing" word that signifies movement in some way. Some examples of verbs
are "run," "jump," "eat," "kiss," "study" etc.
Examples :
 They are studying english.
 He can do this job.
 Dika speaks english well.

4. Adjective : Describes a Noun

An adjective is a word that's used to describe a specific noun and to provide more detail to
the listener. It's one of the essential parts of grammar, otherwise language would be dull
and boring and it would be difficult to identify things. For instance, instead of saying "The
car," the speaker can say, "The red car." In this case, "red" is the adjective, because it tells
the listener what the car looks like.
Examples :
 I was so busy last night.
 I love smart girl.
 He is angry with me.

5. Article : Type of Adjective*

An article is another type of adjective that may not be considered a part of speech by some
but can be sometimes be counted towards the 10 parts of speech, at least in English. This
is likely because not all languages have articles. An article is either the word "a" "an" or
"the" and is used to give more information about a commonnoun. Is that red car a car you
recognize (your mom's car), or is it a random red car driving on the highway? If so, you can
either say "The red car" if you recognize it or "A red car" if you don't recognize it. "An" is
used before a noun that begins with a vowel sound, like "octopus" or "hour."
Examples :
 There was a girl in front of the book store. .
 He has a son and a daughter..
 “I need a chair.“.
 “I want the red apple.

6. Determiner/Quantifier States How Many*

A determiner or quantifier is another one of the 10 parts of speech that's not always
counted because it can also be considered an adjective. Additionally, articles can
sometimes be considered determiners as well, which is why both articles and determiners
are usually left out of the eight parts of speech. A determiner or quantifier is used to state
how many or how much of a noun there is. For instance, in the sentence "There are many
children at the playground" the word "many" is the determiner.
Examples :
 There are ten students in the classroom.
 He is my second brother
 Tell me what you want
 She forgot whose bag on the table.

7. Adverb : Describes a Verb

An adverb is yet another type of adjective that's used to describe a verb, but it can also
describe an adjective or another adverb. Sometimes, an adverb ends in "ly" but not always.
An adverb can also be words like "very" and "too." If you're unsure as to whether or not a
word is considered an adverb, check to see if it answers the question "How?" For example,
in the sentence, "Madison frantically did her homework" ask yourself, "How did Madison do
her homework?" Frantically.
Examples :
 They often wear flat shoes.
 The room was good enough for me.
 I completely agree with you.
 She speaks really fast.

8. Conjunction : Used to Connect Sentences

A conjunction is a word like "if" "but" or "and" which is used to connect sentences or
clauses together. For example, if you have two sentences like "I am hungry" and "I am
angry," you can join these together with the conjunction "and." Now, the sentence is, "I am
hungry and angry."
Examples :
 Budi play music well, but he can’t sing.
 I will pick you up after I finish my job.
 Nobody knows where she lives now.

9. Preposition : Used to State Location

A preposition is one of the most exciting parts of grammar for children to learn because
they can have a lot of fun with it. Because a preposition is used to describe the location of
something in relation to something else, such as "under" "beside" or "next to" children can
use their bodies or objects to represent prepositions or prepositional phrases.xamples :
Examples :
 She comes from America.
 My house is in front of Budi’s house.
 Put it on the table, please!

10. Interjection : Used to Express Emotion

An interjection is used to express emotion in a sentence. It could be a word
like "Woah!" or "Oops!" Instead of saying something like, "The boy was surprised," you
could use an interjection to instead say_"'Wow!'Said the boy in surprise."_
Examples :
 Oh my god!Are you okay?
 Aww!It hurts!
 Sorry!I didn’t hear you.

Exercise :
1. She got an (expensive) book from her parents.
a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Noun
d. Conjunction

2. What did he (tell) about the film last night?

a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Noun
d. Conjunction

3. The office is located (between) my class and the library.

a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Conjunction
4. You speak English (well), I am proud of you.
a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Adverb

5. He (runs) every morning to keep the healthy.

a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Adverb

6. Lombok is the beautiful (island) in Indonesia.

a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Noun

7. I feel very disappointed (because) you ignore me.

a. Conjunction
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Adverb

8. I do (believe) with my mother said.

a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Conjunction
d. Adverb

9. If my father can do those jobs well, my family can get a huge amount of money this
month
a. Interjection
b. Noun
c. Verb
d. Adverb

10. On January, I take a holiday to the Great Wall of China

a. Verb
b. Adverb
c. Noun
d. Adjective

11. Me and my family will go to one of high lands in Indonesia called Dieng
a. Pronoun
b. Noun
c. Adjective
d. Adverb

12. My students haven’t finished their homework because they are very busy with final
examination
a. Noun
b. Pronoun
c. Conjunction
d. Interjection

13. My mother can’t believe that I can lift 50 kgs of rice

a. Adverb
b. Interjection
c. Adjective
d. Verb

14. Smith warmed chicken soup on the stove

a. Noun
b. Pronoun
c. Adjective
d. Adverb
15. Java Island is a beauty Island where there are so many Holiday destinations on there
a. Verb
b. Pronoun
c. Noun
d. Adverb

16. Hello! How are you today?

a. Verb
b. Conjunction
c. Interjection
d. Noun

17. I find the Solution for your biggest problem on Math, Bingo!

a. Adverb
b. Verb
c. Pronoun
d. Interjection

18. Smith is Bringing his old car to Service Center

a. Pronoun
b. Noun
c. Verb
d. Adverb

19. Harry and Larry have a dinner with Mrs. Smith

a. Conjunction
b. Interjection
c. Preposition
d. Verb

20. I like running
a. Noun
b. Adjective
c. Adverb
d. Verb
 MATA KULIAH : BAHASA INGGRIS
SEMESTER : II ( GENAP)
T.A : 2019/2020
DOSEN : MAYA HANDAYANI SINAGA, SS.,M.Pd
PERTEMUAN KE : 11 – 12 (2 KALI PERTEMUAN)
MATERI : TENSES

Affirmative/Negative/
Tense Use Signal Words
Question

 action in the present always, every …,

Simple Present A: He speaks.
N: He does not speak.
Q: Does he speak?
Present A: He is speaking.
Progressive N: He is not speaking.
Q: Is he speaking?
Simple Past A: He spoke.
N: He did not speak.
Q: Did he speak?
Past A: He was speaking.
Progressive N: He was not speaking.
Q: Was he speaking?
Present Perfect A: He has spoken.
Simple N: He has not spoken.
Q: Has he spoken?
Present Perfect A: He has been speaking.  putting emphasis on
Progressive N: He has not been speaking.
Q: Has he been speaking?
 action that recently
 finished action that
Past Perfect A: He had spoken.
Simple N: He had not spoken.
Q: Had he spoken?
Past Perfect A: He had been speaking.
taking place regularly, never never, normally, often,
or several times seldom, sometimes,
 facts usually
 actions taking place one if sentences type I (If
after another Italk, …)
 action set by a timetable
or schedule
 action taking place in the at the moment, just,
moment of speaking just now, Listen!,
 action taking place only Look!, now, right now
for a limited period of time
 action arranged for the
future
 action in the past taking yesterday, 2 minutes
place once, never or several ago, in 1990, the
times other day, last Friday
 actions taking place one if sentence type II (If
after another Italked, …)
 action taking place in the
middle of another action
 action going on at a while, as long as
certain time in the past
 actions taking place at the
same time
 action in the past that is
interrupted by another action
 putting emphasis on already, ever, just,
the result never, not yet, so far,
 action that is still going on till now, up to now
 action that stopped
recently
 finished action that has
an influence on the present
 action that has taken
place once, never or several
times before the moment of
speaking
all day, for 4 years,
the course or duration (not since 1993, how
the result) long?, the whole week
stopped or is still going on
influenced the present
 action taking place before already, just, never,
a certain time in the past not yet, once, until
 sometimes that day
interchangeable with past if sentence type III (If
perfect progressive Ihad talked, …)
 putting emphasis only on
the fact (not the duration)
 action taking place before for, since, the whole
Progressive N: He had not been
speaking.
Q: Had he been speaking?
Future I Simple A: He will speak.
N: He will not speak.  cannot be influenced
Q: Will he speak?
Future I Simple A: He is going to speak.
N: He is not going to speak.
(going to) Q: Is he going to speak?
a certain time in the past day, all day
 sometimes
interchangeable with past
perfect simple
 putting emphasis on
the duration or course of an
action
 action in the future that in a year, next …,
tomorrow
 spontaneous decision If-SatzTyp I (If you
 assumption with regard to ask her, she will
the future help you.)
assumption: I think,
probably, perhaps
 decision made for the future in one year, next
 conclusion with regard to the week, tomorrow
future

Future I A: He will be speaking.
Progressive N: He will not be speaking.
Q: Will he be speaking?
Future II Simple A: He will have spoken.
N: He will not have spoken.
Q: Will he have spoken?
Future II A: He will have been
Progressive speaking.
N: He will not have been
speaking.
Q: Will he have been
speaking?
Conditional I A: He would speak.
Simple N: He would not speak.
Q: Would he speak?
 action that is going on at a in one year, next
certain time in the future week, tomorrow
 action that is sure to happen
in the near future
 action that will by Monday, in a week
be finished at a certain time
in the future
 action taking place before for …, the last couple
a certain time in the future of hours, all day long
 putting emphasis on
the courseof an action
 action that might take place if sentences type II
(If I were you, I would
go home.)

Conditional I A: He would be speaking.  action that might take place  

Progressive N: He would not be speaking.  putting emphasis on
Q: Would he be speaking? the course/ duration of the
action
Conditional II A: He would have spoken.  action that might have taken if sentences type III
Simple N: He would not have place in the past (If I had seen that,
spoken. Iwould have helped.)
Q: Would he have spoken?
Conditional II A: He would have been  action that might have taken  
Progressive speaking. place in the past
N: He would not have been  puts emphasis on
speaking. the course / duration of the
Q: Would he have been action
speaking?

Exercise :

1. My match teacher  ...  always kind to every student.

a. Was
b. Is
c. Are
d. Am

2. Budi, Agus and Yudi  ...  my best friend.

a. Are
b. Am
c. Is
d. Was

3. One of my friends always  ...  to Yogyakarta every year.

a. Going
 b. Goes
c. Go
d. To go

4. My father doesn’t  ...  coffee every morning.

a. Drinking
b. Drink
c. To drink
d. Drinks

5. Our English teacher always  ...  our homework every week.

a. Checks
b. Checked
c. Check
d. Checking

6. The train always  ...  on time.

a. Arrived
b. To arrive
c. Arrive
d. Arrives

7. ...  you have enough time to attend the party?

a. Do
b. Did
c. Does
d. Didn’t

8. Does the coach of Football club  ...  the team regularly?

a. Training
b. Trains
c. Train
d. Trained

9. ...  your Uncle come here every year?

a. Will
b. Does
c. Do
d. Did

10. I don’t  ...  time to swim on monday.

a. Have
b. Had
c. Having
d. Has

11. Sholikhin ...  a very thick book about Indonesian History.

a. Hid
b. Have
c. Has
d. Had

12. I ... at 5 am
a. got up
b. gets up
c. get up
d. getting up

13. Our English teacher  ...  check the attendance list every day.
a. Not doing
b. Does not
c. Do not
d. Did not
14. Mr. And Mrs. Susanto often  ...  late.
a. Come
b. Coming
c. Comes
d. Came

15. I  ... a letter for my mom

a. writes
b. writing
c. write
d. wrote

16. I ... a delicious food for you

a. cook
b. cooks
c. cooking
d. cooked

17. He ... a homemade cake

a. making
b. make
c. made
d. makes

18. We ... this food here

a. eating
b. eat
c. ate
d. eaten

19. It most ... . all the time

a. hapen
b. happening
c. happen
d. happens

20. Johan often….to my gym

a. comes
b. came
c. come
d. coming
MATA KULIAH : BAHASA INGGRIS
SEMESTER : II ( GENAP)
T.A : 2019/2020
DOSEN : MAYA HANDAYANI SINAGA, SS.,M.Pd
PERTEMUAN KE : 13 (1 KALI PERTEMUAN)
MATERI : CONDITIONAL CLAUSE

In English grammar, a conditional clause is a type of adverbial clause that states a

hypothesis or condition, real (factual) or imagined (counterfactual). A sentence containing
one or more conditional clauses and a main clause—which expresses the result of the
condition—is called a conditional sentence or conditional construction.

A conditional clause is most often introduced by the subordinating conjunction if; other

conditional subordinators include unless, even if, provided that, on [the] condition that, as
long as and in the case of. Note that unless functions as a negativesubordinator.

Conditional clauses tend to come at the beginning of complex sentences— sentences

containing an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses—but, like other
adverbial clauses, may also come at the end. 

Types of Conditional Clauses

There are six main types of conditional sentences based on likelihood and tense: general
rule/law of nature, open future condition, unlikely future condition, impossible future
condition, impossible past condition, and unknown past condition. See below for definitions
and examples of these, provided by John Seely in Grammar for Teachers.

 General rule: This event or action is a law of nature, it always happens.

Example: "The equilibrium between liquid and vapor is upset if the temperature is
increased."
 Open future condition: This event or action may or may not happen. Example: "If
you start thinking about this game, it will drive you crazy."
 Unlikely future condition: This event or action probably won't happen. Example:
"But if you really wanted to be on Malibu Beach, you'd be there."
 Impossible future condition: This event or action could never happen. Example:
"If I were you, I would go to the conference center itself and ask to see someone in
security."
 Impossible past condition: This past event or action did not happen. Example: "I
would have resigned if they had made the decision themselves."
 Unknown past condition: The conditions of this past event or action are unknown;
it might have happened and it might not have. Example: "If he had been working for
three days and three nights then it was in the suit he was wearing now,"

Exercise :
1. If Risa … on time, I will be happy.
a. Come
b. Comes
c. Came
d. Coming

2. If Risa has much time, she will … you.

a. Help
b. Helps
c. Helped
d. Helping

3. If you … study hard, you will not pass the test.

a. Didn’t
b. Doesn’t
c. Don’t
 d. Did

4. If the game … good, I will … it.

a. Are – play
b. Is – plays
c. Is – play
d. Are – playing

5. If I … much money, I will … a new smartphone.

a. Has – buy
b. Have – buy
c. Have – buys
d. Has – buys

6. If she …. , I won’t be angry.

a. Don’t come
b. Don’t comes
c. Doesn’t come
d. Doesn’t comes

7. I will visit your hometown…………..

a.    If I come to Indonesia.
b.    If I came to Indonesia
c.    If I will come to indonesia
d.    If I would come to Indonesia

8. If I had had free time    …………..

a.    I will watch the movie together with my friend.
b.    I would watch the movie together with my friend.
c.    I would have watched the movie together with my friends.
d.    I would have been watching the movie together with my friends.

9. If I were you, …………..

a. I will buy that limited edition camera.
b. I would buy that limited edition camera.
c. I would have bought that limited edition camera.
d. I would have been buying that limited edition camera.

10. If I had accepted that work offer,…………………

a. I will have built my own house.
b. I would have built my own house.
c. I will build my own house.
d. I would build my own house.

11. If I work at Ministry of Foreign Affairs,……….

a. I will get a chance for continuing my study in foreign country.
b. I would get a chance for continuing my study in foreign country.
c. I would have got a chance for continuing my study in foreign country.
d. I get a chance for continuing my study in foreign country.

12. My father would permit me to ride the motorcycle……..

a. If I have a driving licence
b. If I had a driving licence.
c. If I had had a driving licence.
d. If I would have a driving licence.

13. If I were you,……………….

a. I will stay at the boarding house.
b. I would stay at the boarding house.
c. I stay at the boarding house.
d. I would have stayed at the boarding house.

14.  If I had come to her wedding party, I would not have regretted What is the fact of
the previous conditional sentence?
a. I didn’t come to her wedding party. Therefore, I regretted.
b. I don’t come to her wedding party. Therefore, I regret.
c. I have not come to her wedding party. Therefore, I regretted.
d. I had not come to her wedding party. Therefore, I regret.
15. Mr. Bayu would give me an interesting bonus if 1 won the tender. What is the fact of
the previous conditional sentence?
a. I won the tender.
b. I don’t win the tender.
C. I didn’t win the tender.
D. I win the tender.

16.  If I had practiced harder several months ago……………..

a. I will be the winner of this dance competition.
b. I would be the winner of this dance competition.
c. I would have been the winner of this dance competition.
d. I am the winner of this dance competition.

17. If I were staying at my grandmother’s home,……………….

a. I will be eating her delicious home cooking.
b. I would be eating her delicious home cooking.
c. I will eat her delicious home cooking.
d. I would eat her delicious home cooking.

18. What is the fact of the previous sentence?

a. I was not staying at my grandmother’s home. I was not eating her delicious home
cooking.
b. I don’t stay at my grandmother’s home. I don’t eat her delicious home cooking.
c. I am not staying at my grandmother’s home. I am not eating her delicious home
cooking.
d. I didn’t stay at at my grandmother’s home. I didn’t eat her delicious home
cooking.

19. When he ... to sleep, he never counts sheep leaping over fences.
a. goes
b. will go
c. go
d. will gone

20… good quality cookware, we mightn’t have needed to get rid of burnt taste in this
food.
a. We had used
b. Had we used
c. We have used
d. Have we used.
MATA KULIAH : BAHASA INGGRIS
SEMESTER : II ( GENAP)
T.A : 2019/2020
DOSEN : MAYA HANDAYANI SINAGA, SS.,M.Pd
PERTEMUAN KE : 14 (1 KALI PERTEMUAN)
MATERI : REPORTED SPEECH

Reported speech is how we represent the speech of other people or what we ourselves
say. There are two main types of reported speech: direct speech and indirect speech.
Direct speech repeats the exact words the person used, or how we remember their words:
Barbara said, “I didn’t realise it was midnight.”
In indirect speech, the original speaker’s words are changed.
Barbara said she hadn’t realised it was midnight.
In this example, I becomes she and the verb tense reflects the fact that time has passed
since the words were spoken: didn’t realise becomes hadn’t realised.
Indirect speech focuses more on the content of what someone said rather than their exact
words:
“I’m sorry,” said Mark. (direct)
Mark apologised. (indirect: report of a speech act)
In a similar way, we can report what people wrote or thought:
‘I will love you forever,’ he wrote, and then posted the note through Alice’s door. (direct
report of what someone wrote)
He wrote that he would love her forever, and then posted the note through Alice’s
door. (indirect report of what someone wrote)
I need a new direction in life, she thought. (direct report of someone’s thoughts)
She thought that she needed a new direction in life. (indirect report of someone’s
thoughts)

Tense Direct Speech Reported Speech

present simple I like ice cream She said (that) she liked ice cream.
present
I am living in London She said (that) she was living in London.
continuous
She said (that) she had bought a car OR She said
past simple I bought a car
(that) she bought a car.
past I was walking along She said (that) she had been walking along the
continuous the street street.
present
I haven't seen Julie She said (that) she hadn't seen Julie.
perfect
I had taken English She said (that) she had taken English lessons
past perfect*
lessons before before.
will I'll see you later She said (that) she would see me later.
would* I would help, but..” She said (that) she would help but...
I can speak perfect
can She said (that) she could speak perfect English.
English
I could swim when I She said (that) she could swim when she was
could*
was four four.
shall I shall come later She said (that) she would come later.
I should call my
should* She said (that) she should call her mother
mother
might* I might be late She said (that) she might be late
I must study at the She said (that) she must study at the weekend OR
must
weekend She said she had to study at the weekend

Exercise :