Language Arts

LETTER-SOUND CORRESPONDENCES
1. INITIAL CONSONANTS (M,N,T)
2. SHORT VOWEL AND CONSONANT COMBINATIONS
(-AT,-IN,OT)
3. BLENDS (BL,DR,ST)
4. DIGRAPHS (TH,SH,PH)
5. LONG VOWELS (EAT,OAT)
6. FINAL E (-AKE,-UTE,-IME)
7. VARIANT VOWELS and DIPTHONGS (-OI,-OU)
8. SILENT LETTERS and INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS
(WR,GN) – BLEVINS,1998

THIRTY IRREGULAR WORDS for BEGINNING

READERS
the/you/said/his/people
to/they/were/do/know
was/would/are/some/your
of/there/because/as/mother
is/one/what/could/who
two/too/should/put/whose
Source: Adapted from Moats(2000),p.189.
BASIC LESSON in REGULAR WORD READING

1.VC: IN,AT,AM
2.CVC: MAT,HOP,SIT
3.CCVC: STOP,TRIP,SNAP
4.CVCC: MASK,JUMP,PASS
5.CVC Silent E: BIKE,TAKE,JOKE
6.CCVCC: TRUCK,SPORT,BLAST
VOWELS (PATINIG): A,E,I,O,U
CONSONANTS (KATINIG):
B,C,D,F,G,H,J,K,L,M,N,P,Q,R,S,T,V,W,X,Y,Z
(LAST SLIDE)
 PARTS OF SPEECH LESSON 2

1. NOUNS
A NOUN is a WORD that NAMES persons, places,
things, action
(researching,etc.),qualities(resourceful,etc.)
,emotions(happiness,etc.),and
concept(optimism,etc.).
NOUNS are the LARGEST WORD CLASS among the
FOUR MAJOR WORD CLASSES:
Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives, and Adverbs.

Kinds of Nouns
1. Proper nouns – names of specific or
particular persons, places, or things. They
begin with CAPITAL LETTERS.
Ex.: Baguio City
2. Common nouns – names of persons, places,
and things in general.
Ex.: actress
3. Abstract nouns – names of ideas, feelings,
qualities, emotions, and other matters not
existing physically, but are known through the
effects created by them.
Ex.: patience
4. Concrete nouns – objects appealing to the
senses
Ex.: bells
5. Count nouns – countable people, things,
and places
Ex.: table
6. Mass nouns – non-countable nouns with no
plural equivalents, but can, nonetheless, be
quantified by the use of counters or units of
measures that can be pluralized.

Classes of Mass Nouns:

1. Gases – oxygen, methane
2. Fluids – oil, water
3. Ideas/Emotions – satisfaction, acceptance
4. Material Phenomena – sunshine, heat
5. Tiny Particles – flour, dust
6. Field of Knowledge – history, ethics
7. Collective or Group nouns – names of a
group, or set of persons, things, and places.
Ex.: constellation ( a group of stars), faculty (a
group of teachers), troop ( a group of
monkeys)
8. Compound nouns – made up of two or
more words.
Ex. Table tennis, classroom
Possessive or Genitive nouns
9.1 Dependent – Say: Tristan’s award
Instead of Saying: award of Tristan)
9.2 Independent – Say: Ray is a cousin of Via’s.
Instead of Saying: Ray is a cousin of Via’s
cousin.
10. Special nouns
10.1 Always plural in form but singular in meaning: aerobics
10.2 Always plural in form and in meaning: scissors
10.3 Nouns with the same singular and plural forms: sheep,
Deer
11. Infinite nouns – are nouns that
continuously expanding due to new
ideas products, or developments.
Ex.: Internet, blog, gigabyte
(Last SLIDE)