TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING DOC No.

: 29040-PI-UPS-1011

Rev. : R0
PIPING STUDY
Uhde India Limited PIPERACK PIPING Page : 1

CONTENTS

Page

0.0 Cover Sheet 1

List of illustrations 2

1.0 General 3

2.0 Steps to piperack piping 3-4

3.0 Location of Valves & Instruments on Piperack 4

4.0 Yard Piping Arrangement 5-7

5.0 Illustrations 7

Applicable Revision:
Prepared: Checked: Approved:

Date: Date: Date:

First Edition: R0
Prepared: AKB Checked: TNG Approved: RUD

Date: Date: Date:

File Name: Server: PUNE: KUMUS 207 VKO: KUMUS 209
 TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

Rev. : R0
PIPING STUDY
Uhde India Limited PIPERACK PIPING Page : 2

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

SR.NO. DWG.NO. DESCRIPTION

1 PRP1 TYPICAL YARD PIPING ARRANGEMENTS

2 PRP2 TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION OF YARD PIPING

3 PRP3 TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION OF LAYOUT AT PIPERACKS

4 PRP4 TYPICAL PIPERACK COMPOSITE

5 PRP5 LINE SPACING CHART

6 PRP6 PLANNING FOR LINE GROWTH

7 PRP7 LARGE DIAMETER LINES - CHANGE IN DIRECTION

8 PRP8 PIPERACK METER RUNS

9 PRP9 RELIEF HEADER LOCATION

10 PRP10 ALTERNATIVE PIPERACK EXPANSION

11 PRP11 TYPICAL HOSE STATION AT A PIPERACK COLUMN

12 PRP12 BATTERY LIMIT VALVING : SINGLE-LEVEL RACK

(UNIT / OFF-SITE COMMON ELEVATION)

13 PRP13 FLEXIBILITY CHECK STEPS

14 PRP14 PIPERACK ANCHOR STRUCTURE

15 PRP15 STEAM LINE DRIP LEGS

16 PRP16 PROPER LINE SUPPORT

17 PRP17 90° PIPERACK TURNS

18 PRP18 RACK INTERSECTION

19 PRP19 OPERATOR ACCESS

20 PRP20 TYPICAL PIPELINE DISTRIBUTION ON A SINGLE-LEVEL PIPERACK

TYPICAL PIPERACK PIPING & EQPT. RELATIONSHIPS IN A

21 PRP21
PETROCHEMICAL PLANT
 TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

Rev. : R0
PIPING STUDY
Uhde India Limited PIPERACK PIPING Page : 3

1.0 GENERAL
The piperack general arrangement is finalised during the development of overall plot plan. The
exact width of the piperack, numbers of levels and elevations, the access and maintenance
platforms are finalised during piperack piping study.
Normally, the piperack piping study, with its structural and platform requirements is the first priority
item for detail engineering of a process unit.
The piperack may be an integral part of a process unit located in the middle of the unit or it may be
an arterial part connecting several services of other process unit.
The following data and drawings are required to be studied before starting the detailed design of
piperack piping study:
Unit Plot Plan / Overall Plot Plan
Piping and Instrumentation diagrams
Plant layout specification
Client specification
Material of construction
Fireproofing requirements

2.0 STEPS TO PIPERACK PIPING

2.1 The first step in the development of any piperack is the generation of a line-routing diagram. A line
routing diagram is a schematic representation of all process piping systems drawn on a copy of
piperack general arrangement drawing / or on the unit plot plan where the piperack runs in the
middle of the process unit.
Based on the information available on the first issue of P&I Diagram / Process flow diagram i.e.
line size, line number, pipe material, operating temperature etc. the line routing diagram is to be
completed.
2.2 Once the routing diagram is complete, the development of rack width, structural column spacing,
road crossing span, numbers of levels and their elevations should be started.
Piperack column spacing shall be decided based on the economics of the pipe span as well as the
truss arrangement to accommodate double the span for road crossing or avoiding underground
obstructions.
Piperack arrangement should be developed to suit the specific plant requirements.
2.3 The piperack width can now be worked out with a typical cross-section of the rack with the levels.
Normally, piperack carry process lines on the lower level or levels and the utility lines on the top
level. Instrument and electrical trays are integrated on the utility level if space permits or on a
separate level above all pipe levels.
Any piperack design should provide provision for future growth to the extent of 25 to 30% on the
rack clear width.
When flanges or flanged valves are required on two adjacent lines, the flanges are to be
staggered.
Thermal expansion or contraction must be accomodated by keeping sufficient clearance at the
location where the movements will occur.
The clearance of the first line from the structural piperack column is to be established based on the
sizes furnished by the civil / structural engineers.
 TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

Rev. : R0
PIPING STUDY
Uhde India Limited PIPERACK PIPING Page : 4

2.4 After analysing all the requirements and arrangements, the dimensions are to be rounded off to the
next whole number. Based on the economics, the width and the number levels e.g. two tier of 30
ft. wide or three tier of 20 ft. wide rack will be decided.
The gap between the tiers shall be decided on the basis of the largest diameter pipeline and its
branching. The difference between the bottom line of pipe in the rack and the bottom of a branch
as it leaves the rack shall be decided carefully, to avoid any interference due to support, insulation,
size of branch etc. All branch lines from the main lines on piperack shall be taken aesthetically on
a common top of steel (TOS).
With the above considerations, the conceptual arrangement of piperack are to be finalised.

3.0 LOCATION OF VALVES

3.1 Various factors shall be considered while locating each line, valve and instrument in a piperack. In
a standard process unit piperack, process lines are located on the lower levels, utility lines are on
the next higher level and a separate top level is arranged for electrical and instrument cable trays.
The requirements and locations of electrical and instrument cable trays alongwith their spacing,
protective cover, approach platform / walkways are to be discussed with the electrical and
instrument engineers.
3.2 The largest lines should be located near the supporting columns to reduce the overall load on the
supporting beams.
The relief headers must be located above the top level of the rack to allow the line to drain to
blowdown drum. (Refer sketch No.PRP9). The designer should avoid locating pipeline over the
centreline of structural column for support so that the columns can be extended for future rack
expansion.
3.3 Shut-off valves at utility headers are located inside the rack area in the horizontal position directly
above the header.
Valves must be accessible from platforms or by chain operators (chain to fall free of obstructions
hampering operation).
3.4 Refer sketch no.PRP-12. This view highlights features requiring additional considerations. The
width of the access way is determined by the space needed to maintain the equipment located at
grade below the piperack.
The valves are staggered on either side of the catwalk and handwheel extension stems are
furnished when necessary to facilitate operation.

4.0 YARD PIPING ARRANGEMENT

4.1 The plant layout determines the main-yard piping runs. Refer sketch No.PRP-1 which shows
typical piperack layouts for various plant arrangements.
4.2 Smaller plants usually have the simplest yard piping as shown in sketch No.PRP-1, A and B. In
Fig.A, the process and utility lines enter and leave at the same end of the plot and Fig.B, presents
a frequently adopted layout, with utility lines entering at one end and process lines at the opposite
end.
4.3 In larger plants, yard piping becomes more complicated as shown in sketch No.PRP-1, D, E, F, G.
The piperack arrangement results from an overall plant arrangement, site conditions, client's
requirements and plant economy.
 TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

Rev. : R0
PIPING STUDY
Uhde India Limited PIPERACK PIPING Page : 5

4.4 Pipelines in the piperack are classified as process lines, relief-line headers and utility headers.
Process lines :
Process lines are those
(a) which interconnect nozzles on process equipment more than 20ft. apart (closer process
equipment can be directly interconnected with pipelines)
(b) Product lines which run from vessels, exchangers, or more often from pumps to the unit limits
to storage or header arrangement outside the plant.
(c) Crude or other charge lines which enter the unit and usually run in the yard before connecting
to exchangers, furnaces or other process equipment e.g. holding drums or booster pumps.
Relief-line headers
Individual relief lines, blow down lines and flare lines should be self draining from all relief valve
outlets to knock-out drum, flare stack or to a point at the plant limit. A pocketed relief line system
is more expensive, because usually an extra condensate pot is required with instruments, valves
and pumps. To eleminate pockets some relief line headers must be placed at higher elevation
above the main yard usually on a tee support on the extended piperack column. However, on
some noncondensing gas systems self drainage is not so essential. Relief lines can be individual,
some with large diameters and occasionally high temperatures.
Utility lines
Utility lines in the piperack can be put in two groups :
(a) Utility headers serving equipment in the whole plant. Such lines are : low and high pressure
steam lines, steam condensate, plant air and instrument air lines. If required, cooling water
supply and return and service water can also be arranged on the piperack.
(b) Utility lines serving individually one or two equipment items or a group of similar equipment
(furnaces, compressors) in the plant. Such lines are : boiler feedwater, smoothering steam,
compressor starting air, various fuel oil lines, lubricating oil, cooling oil, fuel gas, inert gas and
chemical treating lines.
Steam header should drain to the steam separator for more effective condensate collection.
Branch connections to steam headers usually connect to the top to avoid condensate drainage
to equipment.
Instrument lines and Electrical cables
Instrument lines and Electrical cables are often supported in the yard and extra space should be
provided for these facilities. The best instrument line arrangement eleminates almost all elevation
changes between the plant and the control room. This can be easily achieved when instrument
lines are supported outside the piperack column on a suitable elevation.
4.5 Line Location
• Refer sketch No.PRP20. It shows single-level yard piping.
Regardless of service, heavy lines (very large diameter lines, large lines full of liquid) are placed
over or near the piperack columns. Centrally loaded column and reduced bending moment on the
beam will result in a lighter structural design. Next to these lines are placed all process lines and
relief lines. Utility lines are in the centre portion of the yard. A general sequence of uitility lines is
also shown on the sketch PRP-20.
• It is advantageous, from point of view of support, to group hot lines requiring expansion loops.
Refer sketch No.PRP-13, PRP-14. Loops elevated horizontally over the yard is the most common
adopted design, having the hottest and largest diameter line outside.
Line guides, line stops and anchor points are usually required along a hot line somewhere in the
piperack.
 TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

Rev. : R0
PIPING STUDY
Uhde India Limited PIPERACK PIPING Page : 6

Pipe expansion forces, at some of these points, will affect yard support design.
• Those process lines which interconnect equipment on the same side of the yard should be near
the edges of the yard bank. Lines which interconnect equipment located on both sides of the yard
should be closer to the utility lines and can be placed either side of the yard. Position of product
lines is influenced by their routing after leaving the plant limit.
Right(left) turning lines should be on the right(left) hand side of yard.
Utility lines serving individually one or two equipment items should be on the same side of the yard
as the equipment to which they connect.
4.6 Piperack Elevation
Refer sketch No.PRP-2 and PRP-3 for typical cross-section of piperack piping.
Elevation of yard piping is determined by the highest requirement of the following :
a) Headroom over a main road.
b) Headroom for access to equipment under the piperack.
c) Headroom under lines interconnecting the piperack and equipment outside the piperack.
The size of beam supporting the piperack piping should also be taken into account when
considering headroom.
Generally those process lines should be located in the top tier which interconnect two nozzles
elevated higher than the top tier. Process lines with one end lower than the bottom tier elevation
can run either in the top or the bottom rack. If both ends of a process line are lower than the
bottom tier elevation, the line should be located in the bottom tier.
The elevation of a line can also be influenced by valves and instruments in the line. Often a more
convenient access platform can be provided for valves arranged in the top tier of piperack. The
preferred location of lines with orifice runs is near the edge of the piperack with orifice flanges near
the column for more convenient protable ladder access. Refer sketch No.PRP-8.
The sketch No.PRP-2, upper right corner shows platform and walkway arrangements to valves,
relief valves and instruments located in the piperack.
4.7 Piperack Piping Economy
The economy in piperack piping depends primarily on the length of lines arranged on the rack.
Fittings, valves and instrument are relatively few in the piperack compared to pipelength.
Sketch No.PRP-2 shows those critical dimensions (A,B,C,D & E) which will influence piping cost
from piperack piping layout point of view. These dimensions depend on the overall plant layout
and should be carefully considered when the plot is developed.
Dimension 'A' is the total length of the piperack and is governed by the number and size of
equipment, structure and buildings arranged along both sides of the piperack. On an average,
about 10 feet of rack length is required per process equipment (exchanger, drum, tower, unhoused
compressor etc.)
A control room located along the rack will increase the piperack piping cost because all lines must
pass by without really being associated with the relatively long control room.
To shorten piperack length (Dimension 'A'), various methods are applied viz. equipment in pairs,
stacked exchangers, exchangers under elevated drums, drums or exchangers supported on
towers with common platforms, drums supported on exchangers, process equipment located
under the rack etc. These arrangements not only shorten the process interconnecting equipment
directly but also shorten those lines which pass through this area and utility headers serving this
area.
 TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

Rev. : R0
PIPING STUDY
Uhde India Limited PIPERACK PIPING Page : 7

Dimension 'B' and 'C' should be carefully selected to minimise pipelength between the piperack
and process equipment and pipelength interconnecting equipment on opposite sides of the
piperack. 'C' is usually 6 to 7 feet.
Dimension 'D' and 'E' should be decided based on what is minimum necessary to reduce the
vertical piping lengths.
For economical design of piperack structure, an evaluation by a structural expert should be done.
This expert can determine whether steel or concrete or a combination of the two is the most
desirable choice and what span and spacing will give the most economical arrangement.

5.0 ILLUSTRATIONS
Various illustrations shown on the sketches are general guidelines to develop the piperack
arrangement specific for a plant. Free hand sketches should be made based on the analysis of
the plant and the concept visualised for the piping arrangement with its support. The piping
branching out should be taken at a specific TOS to give a aesthetic cross-sectional view as well as
ease of support.
 TRAINING MANUAL - PIPING DOC NO. : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

Rev. : R0
PIPING STUDY
Uhde India Limited PIPE RACK PIPING Page : 1 OF 1
DWG. NO. : PRP1

TYPICAL YARD PIPING ARRANGEMENTS

ROAD ROAD

COMPR. CONTR. RM
HOUSE

PROCESS EQPT. PROCESS EQPT.

ROAD ROAD

A. DEAD END YARD . LINES ENTER B. STRAIGHT THROUGH YARD . LINES CAN
AND LEAVE ONE END OF YARD. ENTER AND LEAVE BOTH ENDS OF YARD.
N

CONTR. RM

COMP.
HO.

CONTR. RM

C. L-SHAPED YARD . LINES CAN ENTER

AND LEAVE NORTH AND EAST OF PLOT. D. T-SHAPED YARD . LINES CAN ENTER AND
LEAVE ON THREE SIDES OF PLOT.

COMP. HO.

HEATERS

CONTR.
HO.

CONTR. RM

E. U-SHAPED YARD . LINES CAN ENTER

AND LEAVE ALL FOUR SIDES OF PLOT.

COMP. HO
COMP.
HO.

CONTR.
RM HEATERS

G. COMPLEX YARD PIPING ARRANGEMENT

F. COMBINATION OF I AND T-SHAPED YARD. FOR A VERY LARGE CHEMICAL PLANT.
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP2

TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION OF YARD PIPING

PLATFORM CATWALK

PLATFORM

INSTR.
LINES

SKETCH SHOWING TYPICAL

PLATFORMS ON YARD STEEL

PLAN

LINES WITH ONE END

BELOW AND OTHER
ABOVE YARD

LINES WITH BOTH

ENDS HIGHER THAN
TOP YARD BANK SLOT FOR ELECT. CABLES

ALTERNATE
ROUTE
STEAM

LINES WITH BOTH

ENDS LOWER THAN
BOTTOM YARD BANK
E

INSTR.
CONTROL
D

LINES
VALVE

C B C

DIMENSIONS A,B,C,D&E DEPEND ON OVERALL PLANT LAYOUT AND INFLUENCE PIPING COST.
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP3

TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION OF LAYOUT AT PIPERACKS

LEAVE SPACE TO
EXTEND STRUCTURAL COLUMN

LARGE BORE LINES FLARE LINE (WITH SLOPE)

LOOP IN STEAM LINE
CLOSE TO STRUCTURAL
COLUMN

UTILITY LINES
ON TOP ROW

INST. & ELECT.

CABLE TRAYS

1500
CANTILEVERED
IF NECESSARY

750
PROCESS LINES
ON BOTTOM ROW

DIMN. TO SUIT MIN. ACCESS CLEARANCE

GRADE

1500 MAX. 6000 MAX. SPAN

CANTILEVER
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP4

TYPICAL PIPERACK COMPOSITE

AREA RESERVED FOR AREA RESERVED

FUTURE PIPING FOR CONDUIT

INSTRUMENT CABLE TRAY ELECTRICAL CABLE TRAY

UTILITY LINES

PROCESS LINES

LIFTING BEAM

ELECTRICAL CABLE
TO STARTER

ACCESS WAY
CONTROL VALVE
(TYP)

ACCESS FOR DOUBLE ROW

OF EQUIPMENT

ACCESS FOR SINGLE ROW

OF EQUIPMENT
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP5

LINE SPACING CHART

LINE 150 # FLANGE 300 # FLANGE

SIZE
ADJACENT LINE SIZE , INCH

SEE LINE SPACING CHART (ABOVE)

( IN INCH )

1" / 25

STAGGER FLANGES

UNINSULATED
FLANGES

INSULATED
FLANGES

NOTES:

- SPACING IS BASED ON RADIUS OF PIPE TO FLANGE OD + 1" / 25 .

- SELECT LINE WITH LARGEST FLANGE DIAMETER , FIND ADJACENT LINE SIZE AND
READ ACROSS TO FIND CENTRELINE TO CENTRELINE DIMENSIONS , IN INCHES.
- ADJUST DIMENSION TO SUIT INSULATION THICKNESS.
- CALCULATE SPACING WHERE PIPE RACK REAL ESTATE IS LIMITED.
- ADJUSTMENTS TO SPACING FOR THERMAL EXPANSION OR CONTRACTION MUST BE MADE.
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP6

PLANNING FOR LINE GROWTH

NO MOVEMENT

MUST CLEAR
AFTER 63 MM
LINE GROWTH

PIPE RACK COLUMN

CHECK FOR
POSSIBLE INTER-
FERENCE

LINE GUIDES
*

STAGGER LOCATION
* IF INSUFFICIENT
SPACE BETWEEN LINES

MUST CLEAR
AFTER 63 MM
LINE GROWTH

63 MM MOVEMENT 63 MM MOVEMENT
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP7

LARGE DIAMETER LINES - CHANGE IN DIRECTION

LINE "A" LINE "B"

ELEVATION 1

SHOE-LINE A
SHOE-LINE B
ELEVATION 2

END VIEW

LINE "B"
LINE "A"

ELEVATION 1

ELEVATION 2
45° ELBOW

SIDE VIEW
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP8

PIPERACK METER RUNS

ORIFICE FLANGES

LADDER
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP9

RELIEF HEADER LOCATION

RELIEF HEADER, POSSIBLE FUTURE

ALTERNATE EXTENSION
LOCATION

RELIEF HEADER,
PREFERRED
LOCATION NEAR CENTRE OF RACK

TOP LEVEL
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP10

ALTERNATIVE PIPE RACK EXPANSION

PRESENT FUTURE
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP11

TYPICAL HOSE STATION AT A PIPE RACK COLUMN

150 150

C
L
COL

PLAN
900
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP12

BATTERY LIMIT VALVING:SINGLE-LEVEL RACK

( UNIT / OFF-SITE COMMON ELEVATION )

BATTERY LIMIT
CATWALK

PLAN

COMMON
CENTRELINE

EXTENSION STEM
AS REQUIRED
1200

1000

ELEVATION
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP13

FLEXIBILITY CHECK STEPS

10"-CS at 450°F
LINE BRANCHES
8"-CS at 390°F

6"-CS at 350°F

STEP 1: ESTABLISH POTENTIAL FLEXIBILITY PROBLEMS

MULTIPLY COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION BY LENGTH OF LINE

STEP 2: DETERMINE LINE GROWTH FOR THREE LINES

TRY ANCHOR IN CENTER OF LINE

STEP 3: DETERMINE WHETHER ONE ANCHOR POINT WILL SUFFICE

1/4 DISTANCE 1/4 DISTANCE

6"
8"
10"
LOCATE THE LINE REQUIRING THE LARGEST LOOP ON THE OUTSIDE

STEP 4: ARRANGE LINES IN PROPER SEQUENCE

 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP14

PIPE RACK ANCHOR STRUCTURE

EXPANSION LOOPS PIPING ANCHORED HERE

PUMPS

PLAN

ANCHOR STRUCTURE

K-BRACING TO ALLOW
PASSAGE/MOVEMENT

ELEVATION

NOTE: GROUP LINES WITH EXPANSION LOOPS. HOTTEST AND LARGEST LINE OUTSIDE.
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP15

STEAM LINE DRIP LEGS

EXPN. LOOP

E
OP
SL STEAM TRAP

DRIP LEG

E
OP
SL
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP16

PROPER LINE SUPPORT

10" PROCESS LINE 10" WELD CAP

WRONG

6" DUMMY SUPPORT

10" PROCESS LINE

RIGHT

U-BOLT SUPPORTING LINES

INTERMEDIATE PIPE SUPPORT

LARGE LINES ARE USED TO SUPPORT SMALLER LINES

 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP17

90° PIPE RACK TURNS

#3
#4

#5
#2
FLAT TURNS ELEVATION #1
DIFFERENCE

#1

#2

#3
#4
#5
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP18

RACK INTERSECTION

PRIMARY PIPE RACKS

SECONDARY
PIPE RACK

WRONG LOCATION RIGHT LOCATION

RACK INTERSECTION LAYOUT

 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP19

OPERATOR ACCESS

LIGHTING
PANEL

CONTROL
STATIONS

UTILITY
STATION
ELECTRICAL
PULL BOX

ROTAMETER

EA
AR
ESS
C
AC

S.
OL
CLC
450
-60
NS 0
TIO
STA
CL
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 OF 1

: PRP20

TYPICAL PIPELINE DISTRIBUTION ON A SINGLE-LEVEL PIPERACK

Heavy lines Heavy lines

(cooling water, (cooling water,
process) Process lines Utility lines Process lines blowdown)

Fuel oil, Air, gas, Steam,

chemical service condensate
lines lines lines

Steam

Instrument Duct
 : 29040-PI-UPS-1011

: R0

PIPE RACK PIPING : 1 of 1

: PRP21

TYPICAL PIPERACK PIPING AND EQUIPMENT RELATIONSHIPS

IN A PETROCHEMICAL PLANT

LINES BOTH ENDS HIGHER THAN

TOP YARD BANK LOCATED IN HIGHER LEVEL

TOWER

TOWER
C B C

DEPENDING ON
MAX. PIPE DIA
750 TO 1000

DISTANCE WILL VARY

DRUM

INSTRUMENT LINES
E

ELEVATION OF
LINES TO ADJACENT
EQUIPMENT

LINES WITH ONE 1200

HEAD ROOM

EXCHANGER
D

END BELOW AND MIN.

OTHER END ABOVE
YARD CAN BE
LOCATED ON
EITHER YARD BANK

CONTROL
VALVE
PUMP SUCTION ACCESS TO ORIFICE IN LINES WITH BOTH ENDS LOWER
PUMPS VERTICAL LINE THAN BOTTOM YARD BANK
ARE LOCATED ON THE LOWER LEVEL