FTI 207 MATERIAL TEKNIK

I. INTRODUCTION

Widodo Widjaja Basuki

5 October 2020
Kampus BSD

Faculty of Engineering, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia

1 Atma Jaya – Catholic

5 October Widodo
2020 University Widjaja Basuki – Introduction
of Indonesia Faculty of Engineering, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
www.atmajaya.ac.id
 Material and Industrial Engineering

Materials Engineering concerns the design and optimization

of the properties of materials used in manufacturing

Industrial Engineering concerns with the optimization of

complex processes, systems or organizations by developing,
improving and implementing integrated systems of people,
money, knowledge, information, equipment, energy and
materials.

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 Epoch of Human History

Stone age (~ 2 Mio. BC) Bronze age (~ 3600 BC.)

Iron age (~ 1000 BC.)

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 Development of Materials Science

→ Rapid development in 20th century

1850 — 1914 Adolf Martens (engineer): observing and analyzing the phase
transformation during steel hardening using microscope

1869 — 1937 Alferd Wilm (chemist): discovered the precipitation hardening and
developed aluminium alloys

1844 — 1906 Ludwig Bolzmann (physicist): extended the definition of entropy

used to explain the properties of material (miscibility, lattice
deffects, rubber elasticity)

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 Development of Material in the Modern Era

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 Materials Science and Engineering

➢ Materials Science → develop and synthesize new materials

Investigating the realtionships between structures and

properties of materials

➢ Materials Engineering → create new products or systems using existing

materials and/or to develop techniques for
processing materials

On the basis of these structure–property correlations, designing or

engineering the structure of a material to produce a predetermined set
of properties

→ Important components in Materials Science and Engineering

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 Stucture and Properties

➢ Structure of a material: arrangement of internal components of the

material

➢ Property of materials: characteristic response of materials due to

external stimuli
→ independence of material geometry

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 Properties of Materials

➢ Mechanical Properties, Stimulus: applied loads

→ E-Modulus, strength, toughness
➢ Electrical properties, Stimulus: electrical field
→ Electrical conductivity
➢ Thermal properties, Stimulus: heat
→ Heat capacity, thermal conductivity
➢ Magnetic properties, Stimulus: magnetic field
→ Magnetic susceptibility
➢ Optical properties, Stimulus: light radiation
→ index of refraction, reflectivity
➢ Deteriorative properties, Stimulus: Environment
→ Corrosion resistance

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 Important Component in Material

Aluminium oxide

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 Why Study Materials Science and Engineering?

→ Material problem: selecting a right material from the thousands

available

Several criteria to meet the final decision:

➢ In-service conditions
Properties and combination of properties
➢ Deterioration of material properties during service operation
→ Elevated temperature and corrosive environments
➢ Life-cycle assessment (LCA)
➢ Material and processing costs

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 Life-Cycle Assessment

→ Problem: unwanted by-pruduct at each

phases often exceeds the capacity of
environment to absorb them
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 End of Life Options

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 Why Study Materials Science and Engineering?

→ Material problem: selecting a right material from the thousands

available

To make the scientists and engineers more familiar with:

➢ Various characteristics of materials
➢ The relationships between structure and property
➢ Processing techniques of materials

Making a wrong decision by chosing materials and

the processing techniques can lead to catastropic
failures and cost human lives!!!

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 Titanic (15 April 1912)

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 The Liberty ship S.S. Schenectady (16 January 1943)

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 Classification of Engineering Materials

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 Density of Engineering Materials

GFRC: Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete

CFRC: Carbon Fiber Reinforced Carbon

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 Stiffness of Engineering Materials

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 Strength of Engineering Materials

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 Fracture Resistance of Engineering Materials

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 Electrical conductivity of Engineering Materials

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 Specific Stiffness – Specific Strength Chart

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 Advanced Materials

→ Materials utilized in high-technology

➢ Semiconductors (intermediate electrical próperties between conductors and

insulators)
→ sensitive to the presence of small concentrations of impurity atoms
→ for integrated circuits in electronics and computer industries
➢ Biomaterials
→ not produce toxic substances and compatible with body tissues
➢ Smart materials
→ able to sense changes in their environment and response to these changes
Used for: Sensors and Actuators
Types of materials commonly used for actuator:
• Piezoelectric ceramics
• Magnetostrictive materials
• Electrorheological and magnetorheological fluids
• Shape memory alloys

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 Shape Memory Alloys

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 SMA – Stress-Strain as a Function of Temperature

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 SMA – 1 Way Effect

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 SMA – 2 Ways Effect

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 SMA – Pseudoelasticity

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 SMA – Applications

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