UNIT 1: PEOPLE (LIFE ELEMENTARY)

1. To be: present simple (is, am, are); am = ’m ;  is = ’s  ;  are = ’re
A. Form: S+ AM/ IS/ ARE+O (Noun, Adjective, preposition)
Positive Example Negative (-) Example
I am (I’m) +O I am a teacher.(I’m a I am not (I’m not) +O I’m not a student.
teacher).
You, we, they are+ O They are beautiful. You/ we, they are not+ They aren’t my
(You’re,we’re, They’re beautiful. O teachers.
they’re) (are not= aren’t)
He, she, it is +O He is my best friend. He, she, it is not +O He isn’t my son.
(He’s) (Is not= isn’t)
Questions Short answers Example
Am I+O? Yes, I am. Am I in this class?
No, I’m not.
Is he/ she/ it+ O? Yes, he/she/it is./ Is she from Canada? Yes, she is.
No, she/ he/ it isn’t.
Are they/ you/we+ O? Yes, we/ they/ you are. Are they your sisters? No, they aren’t.
No, we/ they/ you aren’t.

B. USAGE: thông thường, động từ “be” được dùng để thể hiện sự tồn tại, trạng thái hoặc
đặc điểm của một vật hay của một người.
E.g.
I am happy.
She is beautiful.
✓ before Noun
We are teachers.
       be       N
Ms. Pham is the founder of this company. (Bà Phạm là người sáng lập ra công ty này.)
                 be                     N
✓ Before Adjective
This cake is tasty.
               be  Adj
The children are cute.
                      be Adj
✓ Before Preposition phrase of time, place
I am in the garden.
  be  prep.phrase
The flowers are on the table.
                    be prep.phrase
✓ Before Ving in continous tense; VPII in passive voice
I am reading books.
  be   V-ing
It is made of wood.
  be V-pII
PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with these auxiliary verbs in the correct place.
’m ’m not ’re ’s (x2) aren’t isn’t

1. Hi. My name’s Nicole and I’m Canadian.

2. No, Steve American. He isn’t from Oxford in the UK.
3. We’re explorers. It an interesting job.
4. They aren’t the same age. He’s 24 and she’s 27.
5. I’m not from New Zealand but I there at the moment.
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with the correct form of “to be”
1. It ________cold today. It’s sunny. is
2. I____________ at home now。am
3. They ___________ Korean. They are beautiful.are
4. We ______________ from Ukraine. We are from Japan. are
5. Clara and Steve ____________married. They have two children, a boy and a girl.have
been
6. My brother ___________here at the moment. He is in the garden.is
7. Many people __________ in the bank. are
8. ____________ Ane and Alice sisters? Yes, they are. are
2. Possessive adjectives, possessive’s, possessive pronoun
✓ Use possessive adjectives to talk about objects, people and places.
Possessive adjectives +Noun (Singular/ plural)
Pronouns Possessive adjectives Example
I my I’ve got my ticket.
You your Have you got your passport?
He his His parents are Italian.
She her Her father’s from Argentina.
It its Venice is famous for its canals.
We our Our camera’s a Nikon.
They their Their daughter’s a doctor.

✓ Possessive ’s
• Add ’s to a singular noun: My sister’s husband.
• Add ’ to a plural noun: My sisters’ husbands.
Note: My boss’s car/ My children’s cars / Nam and Mai’s child
✓ Possessive pronoun= Possessive adjective + Noun
A possessive pronoun has got one form for singular and plural.
It’s my book. That is her book.(hers)
It’s my book. It’s mine.
They’re my books. They’re mine.
You can use a noun + possessive’s in the same way: Whose mobile is this? It’s
David’s. / It’s my brother’s./ It’s mine.
Whose
Whose laptop is this? It’s mine.
Whose sunglasses are these? They’re mine.
Possessive adjective Possessive pronoun
It’s my laptop. It’s mine.
They’re your sunglasses. They’re yours.
It’s her mobile. It’s hers.
It’s his T-shirt. It’s his
It’s our camera. It’s ours.
It’s their camera. It’s theirs.
 PRACTICE
Exercise 1. Circle the possessives in the text.
My wife’s brother’s an explorer. He’s from New Zealand and his name’s Dan. Dan’s
father’s also an explorer. Dan and his father (Tom) work in Egypt. Tom’s photos are
amazing and Dan’s a great photographer too.
Exercise 2. Write sentences.
1. my keys  I have got my keys.
2. your laptop Can you lend my your laptop
3. our passports Have you got your passport?
4. his glasses Has he found his glasses?
5. her camera Her camera has been given by her mom.
6. our credit cards We use our credit cards
7. my mobile He likes my mobile
8. their tickets They have bought their tickets
Exercise 3. Choose the correct words
1. Jane hasn’t got she / her passport.
2. We / Our new motorbike is fantastic.
3. She / Her is a doctor.
4. I / My haven’t got a fast car.
5. Where are you / your glasses?
6. He / His father is from the USA.
7. What’s it’s / its name?
8. They / Their son has got an apartment opposite the park.
9. Have you got I / my phone?
10. We / Our have got a house near here.
11. He / His mobile is on the table.
12. I / My mother is from Madrid.
Exercise 4. Answer the questions.
1. Who’s your mother’s brother?
Your____________ bác trai
2. Who’s your brother’s daughter?
Your____________cháu gái
3. Who’s your wife’s father?
Your______________bố vợ
4. Who’s your father’s brother’s son?
Your___________anh họ
5. Who’s your mother’s mother?
Your___________bà ngoại_
6. Who’s your sister from two different parents?
Your__________?
7. Who’s your mother’s new husband?
Your___________dượng
8. Who’s your sister’s son?
Your___________cháu trai