CONCEPT OF MAN
MAN
❖Man as fascinating organism
•How their body works and how its parts are
related to other parts.
•How they recognize and overcome threats
in the environment
•How they communicate with other
➢Atomistic Approach
•Anatomy-structure of the cell and its
components
•Physiology-how the cell function
✧This views man as an organism composed of
different organ systems which is composed of
organs and each organ made up of tissue
➢Holistic Approach
•All aspect of his behavior and his relationship
with others and environment.
•Stimuli in the environment provide forces that
enables man to consciously or unconsciously
response and the quality of his relationship with
his environment– Bryne and Thompson
▷Man as Biologic Being
•Human or human being are bipedal primates
belonging to mammalian species Homo
sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man)
•Has highly developed brain capable of
abstract reasoning, and language
➮Subordinate System of Man
•Vital for survival
•Depends on the condition of each organ
system
➮Superordinate System of Man
•Framework of relationship-links to family,
community and society
▷Man as Psychosocial Being
•Unique and irreplaceable individual
•Capable of being rational, logical thinking
most of the time but can be irrational and
illogical when provoked (kind, merciful and
compassionate)
•Capable of relating and building relationship
with others; coping with stressful stimuli and
manages to rise above the limitations of
human being –Travelbee
▷Man as Spiritual Being
•The unity of body, mind and spirit
‣Power of Transcendence
⇾Intellect – allows man to look for truth;
understanding his surroundings or forces
within or outside him
⇾Will – expresses man’s own wishes, desire
or longing to do what he set his mind to do;
deliberate action or self-control in initiating,
sustaining or terminating human activity –
Collingwood
▻INDIVIDUAL HEALTH
‣Person’s Total Character-encompasses
behaviors, emotional state, attitudes,
values, motives, abilities, habits and
appearances.
‣Person’s Self-Identity-encompasses
perception of self as a separate and distinct
entity alone and in interactions with others.
‣Person’s Perceptions-encompass the way
the person interprets the environment or
situation, directly affecting how he/she
thinks, feels, and acts in any given situation.
▴Concept of Individuality
•Each individual is a unique being who is
different from every other human being,
with a different combination of genetics,
life experiences, and environmental
interactions.
•When providing care, we need to focus on
the client within both a total care and an
individualized care context.
✓4 Attributes of Human Beings:
1. The capacity to think or conceptualize
on the abstract level
2. Family formation
3. The tendency to seek and maintain
territory
4. The ability to use verbal symbols as
language, a means of developing and
maintaining culture.
 CONCEPT OF MAN
•has a superior perception, more decisive
✓14 Fundamental Needs of Man •has a clear notion on what is right & wrong
(Virginia Henderson, Nursing Theorist) •is usually accurate in predicting future events
1. Breath •understand art, music, politics, and philosophy
2. Food & Drink •possesses humility, listen to others carefully
3. Elimination •is dedicated to some work, task, duty, or
4. Move and Maintain Posture vocation
5. Sleep & Rest •highly creative, flexible, spontaneous,
6. Clothing courageous, and willing to make mistakes
7. Maintaining Internal Environment •open to new ideas
8. Keeping Self Clean •is self-confident and has self-respect
9. Avoid Danger •has low degree of self-conflict, personality is
10. Communication integrated
11. Worship •respects self, does not need fame, possesses a
12. Work feeling of self-control
13. Play •is highly independent, desires privacy
14. Learn •can appear remote and detached
Is friendly, loving and governed more by inner
✓Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs directives than by society
Physiological ⇨ Safety ⇨ Love/Belonging ⇨ •can make decisions contrary to popular
Esteem ⇨ Self-Actualization opinion
•is problem-centered rather than self-centered
▵Characteristics of Basic Human Needs •accepts the world for what it is
•All people have the same basic needs; however,
each person’s needs and reactions to those
needs are influenced by the culture with which
the person identifies.
1. People meet their own needs relative to
their own priorities.
2. Although basic needs generally must be
met, some needs can be deferred.
3. Failure to meet needs results in one or
more homeostatic imbalances, which
can eventually result in illness.
4. A need can make itself felt by either
external or internal stimuli.
5. A person who perceives a need can
respond in several ways to meet it.
6. Needs are interrelated.

▾Maslow’s Characteristics of a Self-Actualized

Person
•is realistic, sees life clearly and objective about
owns observation
•judge people correctly