Carbohydrate Facts Examples/Function of

(Structure) Carbohydrates

Elements
carbon (C), Name: Found in function
hydrogen (H) Glucose Carbohydrates Simple sugars
and oxygen (O) are called
Simple
sugar monosaccharides
(mono means
one, saccharide
means sugar).
Simple sugars
are ring-shaped
structures made
of a single sugar,
or
monosaccharide.
Three examples below are all
complex carbohydrates:

Elements ratio: 1:2:1 ratio. Starch found in Plant and

plants to animal cells
store extra break these
energy. large
molecules
down when
extra energy
is needed.
cellulose It provides
Found in structure and
Plant cell support to
walls plants
(remember
they don’t
have bones
and muscles
to hold them
up.
glycogen Found in Animal store
liver and energy
muscle cells

Subunit (monomer):
Simple Sugar or monosaccharides

Complex carbohydrates or polysaccharides.

Lipid Facts (structure) examples of lipids
________ _________
Elements: Name (underlined) Found in Function
C, H, O to protect internal
Fats organs, to build cell
Amount of O: Used by animals membranes, and
Very Little provide insulation to
their bodies.
Subunits:
made up of two
subunits—a three- Oils Used by plants Store energy for later
carbon backbone use.

Produced by plants and for protection and

Waxes animals structure.

act as chemical
steroids lipids messengers in animals.
Protein Examples

Elements: Name Functional

C, H, O and Nitrogen
Structural build vital structures like hair,
Subunits: 20 different fingernails, feathers, muscle
monomers called amino acid fibers, and spider webs.

Special bond between subunits: Functional carry out in the cell.

peptide bond.

insulin transports glucose to cells for

Chain = polypeptide energy
Coded for by ________

Antibodies are proteins that cell produce to

fight disease.

NUcliec acid examples

Name Found in Function

Elements:
C, H, O, N and Deoxyribonucleic acid nucleotides that The function of DNA is
phosphorous (P). or DNA contain the sugar to store all of an
deoxyribose organism’s genetic
information and to
Subunit: nucleotides. code for protein
production

3 Parts of the subunit:

1. Sugar
2. Phosphate Ribonucleic acid or to help “decode” the
3. nitrogenous RNA nucleotides that information from DNA
base. contain the sugar into the instructions for
ribose. making proteins in the
cell