SANITORY & PLUMBING

SYSTEMS & EQUIPMENTS

National Plumbing Code of the Philippines
(Chapter 2 – Plumbing Terms/Definitions)
ABS
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene; black pipe
ALLEY
2 – 3 meters
ALTER OR ALTERATION
change, addition, modification
ACCESSIBLE
without obstruction
AIRBREAK
physical separation
AIR GAP, DRAINAGE
unobstructed vertical distance between lowest opening
(waste) to flood level rim
AIR GAP, WATER DISTRIBUTION
unobstructed vertical distance between lowest opening
(potable water) to flood level rim
AUTHORITY, ADMINISTRATIVE
administer /enforce NPCP
BACKFLOW
water from any source other than regular source
BACKFLOW CONNECTION
reverse flow can occur
BACKPRESSURE BACKFLOW
increased reverse pressure above the supply pressure
BACKFLOW PREVENTER
vacuum breaker
BACK SIPHONAGE
backflow/negative pressure
BACKWATER VALVE
(drainage system); prevent reverse flow
BACKVENT PIPE
individual vent; revent pipe
BALL COCK
valve of an attached ball floating (input)
BALL JOINT
ball-shaped end held in cuplike shell
BATHROOM
with shower stall or bathtub
BATTERY OF FIXTURES
2 or more similar, adjacent fixtures
BELL OR HUB
sufficiently enlarged to receive end of pipe
BENDING PIN OR IRON
straightening/bending lead pipe
BIBB
faucet, cock, tap, plug
BIDET
middle private part; “sitz bath”, foot bath
BLANK FLANGE
not drilled for bolt holes
BLIND FLANGE
closes end of pipe
BLOW-OFF
controlled outlet to discharge liquid/detritus
BOILER BLOW-OFF
valved outlet to discharge accumulated sediments
BRANCH
other than main, riser, stack
BRANCH INTERVAL
storey height; 2.43 meters
BRANCH, FIXTURE
water supply pipe (bet. fixture supply pipe and water-
distributing pipe)
BRANCH, HORIZONTAL
drain pipe extending laterally w/ or w/o vertical sections
BRANCH VENT
horizontal vent
BRAZED JOINT
melts at temperatures higher than 449°C
B&S
Brown & Sharpe (specification); bell and spigot (ends of
pipe)
BUILDING
structure built
BUILDING DRAIN
lowest horizontal piping; 0.6 m outside bldg. wall
BUILDING SEWER
starts from the end of the building drain
BUILDING SUBDRAIN
cannot drain by gravity
BUILDING SUPPLY
water service connection
CAULKING
plugging with oakum, lead
CAP
fitting; closing the pipe end
CATCH BASIN
receptacle to allow settleable material to deposit
CESSPOOL
non-watertight lined excavation; permitting liquid to seep
(bottom and sides)
CHASE
vertical shaft (pipe stacks)
CHECK VALVE
automatically closes to prevent reverse direction
CIRCUIT VENT
connects to a vent stack; loop vent
CLARIFIER
interceptor; grease trap
COMMON VENT
unit vent; dual vent; (back to back arrangement of pipes)
COMBINATION WASTE & VENT SYSTEM
horizontal wet venting (sinks/floor drains)
COMBUSTIBLE CONSTRUCTION
ignite/burn at 756°C or less
CONFINED SPACE
vol. less than 1.4 cu.m. w/ 250 kg cal of aggregate input
rating (fuel-burning appliances)
CONTAMINATION
impairment of potable water (high hazard)
CONTINIOUS VENT
continuation of the drain to w/c vent connects
CONTINIOUS WASTE
drain connecting compartments
CONDUCTOR OR DOWNSPOUT
vertical pipe to convey rain water
CORPORATION COCK
stop valve connected to water service pipe to main
COURT
open, unoccupied space
CRITICAL LEVEL
min. elevation above flood level rim
CROSS-CONNECTION
bet. potable water supply and plumbing fixture
DEAD-END
extended portion of pipe closed at one end
DEVELOPED LENGTH
length of pipe at centerline and fittings
DIAMETER
nominal diameter as designated commercially
DOMESTIC SEWAGE
liquid/water-borne wastes (free from industrial wastes;
Sanitary Sewage
DOUBLE-BEND FITTING
shaped liked the letter „S‟
DOUBLE OFFSET
2 offsets in succession
DOWNSPOUT
vertical portion of rainwater conductor
DRAIN
pipe (ground/surface waters, storm water, wastewater in
bldg. drainage system)
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
pipings; convey sewage/liquid wastes
DRY VENT
does not carry liquid or water-borne wastes
DUAL VENT
common vent; unit vent
DURHAM SYSTEM
of threaded pipe, tubing, rigid construction
EFFECTIVE OPENING
cross-sectional area of water supply
FAUCET
valve located at end of water pipe
FERRULE
metallic sleeve; plug is screwed
FIXTURE
receptacle
FIXTURE BRANCH
supply pipe
FIXTURE DRAIN
from trap of fixture to junction of drain
FIXTURE SUPPLY
water supply pipe
FIXTURE UNIT
7 ½ gpm; 28.3 liters per minute (1 cu.ft/minute)
FLOOD LEVEL
water begins to overflow
FLOOD LEVEL RIM
top edge of a receptacle
FLOOR AREA
exclusive of vent shafts and courts
FLUSH TANK
flushing/removing excrements
FLUSH VALVE
using water directly from water supply pipes
FLUSHOMETER TANK
predetermined; air accumulator vessel
FLUSHOMETER VALVE
actuated by direct water pressure
GATE VALVE
at right angles; raised/lowered by threaded stem
GLOBE VALVE
fits against the valve seat (tortuous passage)
GOOSENECK
return bend; 30cm.-7.5cm; 3” (faucet); between service
pipe and main
GRADE
slope/fall; pitch
GREASE INTERCEPTOR
3 cu.m. capacity
GREASE TRAP (interceptor; clarifier)
retain grease from one to four fixtures
GROUND WATER
standing in or passing through
GROUP VENT
branch vent
HANGERS (Supports)
anchors, brackets, cradles
HEIGHT OF BUILDING
grade line to the highest point of coping
HIGH HAZARD (contamination)
HORIZONTAL BRANCH
HORIZONTAL PIPE
extending laterally; angle of not more than 45°
HOUSE DRAIN (Building Drain)
HOUSE SEWER (Building Sewer)
HOUSE STORM SEWER
to the public storm sewer
HUBLESS PIPE
CIP (plain ends) bolted steel bands, neoprene gasket
INDIRECT WASTE PIPE
indirectly connected with building drainage
INDIVIDUAL VENT (Back Vent Pipe; Revent Pipe)
INDUSTRIAL WASTE
free from fecal matter
I.P.S. (Iron Pipe Size)
INSANITARY
injurious to health
INTERCEPTOR (Clarifier)
INVERT
lowest portion of inside of pipe
LATERAL
secondary pipeline
LATRINE
water closet w/ trough
LAVATORY
wash basin
LEACHING CESSPOOL (not water tight)
LEADER (from gutter to downspout)
LENGTH OF PIPE
as measured along
LIQUID WASTE
discharge from fixture; no fecal matter
LOCAL VENT
convey foul air to outer air
LOOP OR CIRCUIT VENT
MAIN
principal artery
MAIN SEWER (Public Sewer)
common sewer
MAIN VENT (Vent Stack)
MANHOLE
access chamber
MASTER PLUMBER
Registered Master Plumber (RMP)
NAMPAP
Nat‟l Master Plumbers Association of the Phils.
OAKUM
hemp; hemp rope
OFFSET
combination of elbows & bends in piping line
PB (Polybutylene)
black; cross sectional area: oval
PE (Polyethylene)
black; cross sectional area: circular
PITCH (Grade)
PLUMBING
art & technique of installing
PLUMBING APPLIANCE
special class; device
PLUMBING APPURTENANCES
adjunct to basic piping system & fixtures
PLUMBING FIXTURES (fixture; receptacle)
PLUMBING OFFICIAL (Administrative Authority)
PLUMBING SYSTEM (water supply & drainage)
PLUMBING UNIT
min. standard quantity [ one (1) water meter, one (1) water
closet, one (1) lavatory, one (1) shower head & drain for
bathtub or shower stall, one (1) kitchen sink, one (1)
laundry tray, three (3) floor drains, four (4) faucets/hose
bibbs
POTABLE WATER (85% corrected)
PRESSURE
STATIC – w/o any flow motion
RESIDUAL - pressure drop (friction loss, head, meter)
PRIMARY BRANCH
base of a stack to its junction with main building drain
PRIVATE/PRIVATE USE
PRIVATE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM
effluent discharging to subsurface disposal field
PRIVATE SEWER
privately owned; not controlled by public authority
PRIVY (Outhouse)
PRIVY VAULT (Pit)
PUBLIC/PUBLIC USE
PUBLIC SEWER
common sewer controlled by public authority
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
potable (blue), gray, orange, brown
RECEPTOR
receive discharge from indirect waste pipe
REGULATING EQUIPMENT
valves & controls
RELIEF VENT
acts as auxiliary vent
RETURN BEND
2 - 90° bends; 180° bend in copper tubings
REVENT PIPE (Back Vent Pipe)
RIM (unobstructed top open edge of fixture)
RISER
vertical water pipe/extends one full storey
ROUGHING-IN (minus the fixtures)
SAND INTERCEPTOR (Interceptor)
SANITARY SEWAGE (Domestic Sewage)
SANITARY SEWER (Domestic Sewer)
no storm water; ground water
SEAL (trap seal; water seal)
vertical distance from crown weir to top dip
SECONDARY BRANCH
lateral
SEEPAGE PIT (Dry Well; Leaching Cesspool)
SEPTIC TANK
watertight receptacle
SERVICE PIPE (Water Service; Building Supply)
SEWAGE
liquid waste; storm/ground water; wastewater
SEWER
pipe/conduit
SEWERAGE, SEWERAGE WORKS
constructions for collection, transportation, pumping,
treatment, final disposition of sewage
SHAFT
vertical opening (elevators, dumbwaiter; air well)
SIAMESE CONNECTION
hose fitting; wye connection
SIPHONAGE
suction; less than atmospheric pressure
SHIELDED COUPLING
elastomeric sealing gasket
SLIP JOINT
(compression nut/washer; friction ring)
SLOPE (Grade)
SOIL STACK PIPE
vertical soil pipe
SOIL PIPE
discharge of WC, UR and the likes
SOLDERED JOINT
temp. below 427°C and above 149°C
SPIGOT
(synonymous with faucet)
SPECIAL WASTES
(use of indirect waste piping/receptors)
STACK (vertical line: soil, waste, vent)
STACK VENT (Main Soil & Waste Vent)
STANDPIPE
fire fighting vertical pipe
1. Wet Standpipe – water pressure maintained
2. Automatic Standpipe System – operates by opening a
hose valve
3. Manually-Operated Standpipe System – remote control
device at each
hose station
4. Dry Standpipe – no permanent water inside pipe
STOREY
STORM WATER (Rain Water)
SUBSOIL DRAIN (Building Subdrain)
SUMP (Sewage Ejector)
emptied by mechanical means
SUPPORTS
hangers, anchors, brackets, cradles
SURFACE WATER
(river, lakes, seas, ocean)
SWIMMING POOL
water basin
TAILPIECE
cut pipe
TAPPED TEE
cast iron fitting with thread [Street Elbow)
TRAP
prevents backflow of foul air/methane gas
TRAP ARM
between trap and vent
TRAP SEAL (Seal, Water Seal)
TUBE
conduit/conductor (O.D.)
UNCONFINED SPACE
vol. equal to 1.4 cu.m
UNIT VENT (common vent; dual vent)
VACUUM (siphonage)
VACUUM BREAKER (Backflow Preventer)
VENT PIPE
for ensuring circulation of air
VENT STACK (Main Vent)
VENT SYSTEM
protect trap seals from siphonage/backpressure
VERTICAL PIPE
not more than 45° with vertical line
WASTE (Liquid Waste; Industrial waste)
WASTE PIPE
free from fecal matter
WATER TREATMENT
remove suspended solids by filtration
WATER DISTRIBUTING PIPE (Distributing Main)
WATER MAIN (Main Water Line; Main Water Supply, Main
Water Source, Street Main)
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
water service pipe, water supply line, water distributing
pipe, branch pipes, fittings, valves, appurtenances
WET VENT
vent pipe w/c liquid waste flows
WELDED JOINT/SEAM
joining of metal parts in plastic molten state
WYE
hose connection; two-gated outlets
YOKE VENT
for preventing pressure changes in the stacks
Taken from UST Architecture exams by Arch. Rafael Alli
Recommended review material for UST Preboard Exam
Prepared by: arkireviewph.multiply.com
 Cast iron pipe
 Galvanized iron/steel pipe
 Plastic pipe
 Brass pipe
 Copper tube
 Lead pipe
 Asbestos cement pipe
 Glass pipe
 magnesium pipe
 Aluminum pipe
 Polyethylene
 Polybutylene
 Polyvinylchloride
 Chlorinated polyvinyl
 Polypropylene
 Acrilonitryle butadiene styrene
 Welded pipe
 Seamless pipe
 Standard pipe
 Single hub pipe
 Double hub pipe
 Hubless pipe
 Change in direction
 Highest horizontal distance
 Inside the building near the connection
between the building drain and building
sewer
 Outside the building at the lower end of the
building drain and extended to grade
 Horizontal drain serving sinks and urinals
 Each run of piping more than 15m./50 ft.


(8 possible locations accdg to exam - haven’t found other answers)
 Shower
 Bathroom floor
 Garage
 Near water closet
 Laundry area
 Near urinal
 Kitchen?
 siphonage
 back pressure
 evaporation
 capillary attraction
 wind effects

 Gate valve
 Check valve
 Globe valve
 Angle valve
 Butterfly valve
 Foot Valve
 Safety valve
 P-trap
 S-trap
 3/4 s-trap
 Grease trap
 Bag trap
 Crown trap
 Bell trap
 Unit vent
 Circuit vent
 Yoke vent
 Loop vent
 Relief vent
 Back vent
 Blind vent
 Branch vent
 A strong, rigid and economical plastic pipe. It
resists a wide range of acids and bases but
may be damaged by some solvents and
chlorinated carbons.
 A type of pipe manufactured from low
expansion borosilicate having low alkali
content; primarily used for the drainage of
various corrosive liquids. It is very brittle and
should be used when some measure of
protection is provided against damage.
 A valve that permits the flow of liquid in a
pipe in one direction only and closes
automatically to prevent backflow.
 A fixture providing an opening in the floor to
drain water into the plumbing system.
 A pipe fitting with a removable plug which
provides for inspection or cleaning of the
pipe run; also called an access eye or
cleaning eye.
 A branch vent which serves two or more traps
and extends from infront of the last fixture
connection of a horizontal branch to the
stack.
 A pipe attached to drainage pipes near one or
more traps which leads to outside air.
 A fitting used to connect a branch pipe into a
straight run of piping at 45 degrees.
 A fitting or device so constructed as to
prevent the passage of foul air, gases and
some vermin without affecting the flow of
sewage inside the pipe.
 The vertical distance between the top dip and
crown weir of a pipe.
 A lined and covered excavation in the ground
which receives the discharge of domestic
sewage or other organic wastes from a
drainage system.
 A watertight receptacle which receives the
discharge of a plumbing system or part
thereof and is designed and constructed so
as to separate solids from liquid, digest the
organic matter through a period of detention
and allow the effluent to discharge into a
drainage system.
 Also called an individual vent
 A vent which terminates on the upper side of
the fixture and does not connect to the main
vent system. This is sometimes done with the
intent of cheating.
 A valve in which the flow of fluid is controlled
by a rotating drilled ball that fits tightly
against a resilient seat in the body.
 A type of ventilation system used on fixtures
in a room away from partitions.
 The unobstructed vertical distance through
the free atmosphere between the outlet of a
waste pipe and the flood level rim of the
fixture or receptacle into which it is draining.
 A device or fitting which provides when
properly vented, a liquid seal to prevent the
emission of sewer gases without materially
affecting the flow of sewage or waste water
through it.
 Any pipe or fitting which makes an angle of
less than 45degrees with the horizontal.
 A bathroom containing a water closet and a
lavatory.
 The installation of all parts of the plumbing
system which can be completed prior to the
installation of fixtures.
 Refers to a plumbing fixture that rests on the
floor.
 A device which discharges a predetermined
quantity of water to fixtures for flushing
purposes.
 A bathroom containing a water closet, a
lavatory and a bathtub.
 A faucet to which a hose may be attached.
 A receptacle for wastes which are ultimately
discharged into the sanitary drainage system.
 A water supply pipe that extends one full
storey or more to convey water to fixture
branches or to a group of fixtures.
 A vertical line of piping that extends one or
more floors and receives the discharge of
water closets, urinals and similar fixtures.
 The pipe installed to ventilate a building
drainage system and to prevent trap
siphonage.
 (siphonage also syphonage - 2 accepted spellings)
 A vent which also serves as a drain.
 The extension of a soil or waste stack above
the highest horizontal drain connection to the
stack.
 The pipe from the water main or other source
of water supply to the water distributing
system of the building.
 A vertical pipe installed in order to provide
circulation of air to and from the drainage
system.
 A pipe that only conveys liquid waste, free
from fecal matter.
 A suction created by the flow of liquid in
pipes.
 A general term for any vertical line of soil,
waste and vent pipe extending through one
or more storeys.
 The flow of water in pipes in a reverse
direction from the which is normally
intended.
 Any group of two or more similar adjacent
fixtures which discharge into a common
horizontal waste or soil branch.
 Any part of the piping system other than the
main riser or stack.
 A fitting with a removable plate or plug that
is placed in plumbing drainage pipe lines in
to afford access to the pipes for the purpose
of cleaning their interior.
 The length of pipe measured along the center
line of the pipe and fittings.
 The highest part of the inside portion of
the bottom surface at the crown of a trap.
 The drain from the trap of a fixture to the
junction of that drain with any other drain
pipe.
 A term sometimes used to describe a soil or
waste pipe system which is constructed of
threaded pipe, tubing or other rigid
construction, using recessed drainage
fittings.
 The lowest portion of the inside surface of
any horizontal pipe.
 A waste pipe that does not connect directly
with the drainage system but conveys liquid
waste by discharging into a plumbing fixture
or receptacle.
 An artificial conduit, usually underground, for
carrying off waste water and refuse.
 Cased by bicarbonates, carbonates or
hydroxide components
 Bacteria in water
 Caused by detergent
 Coagulation, alum is added
 Iron in water
 Caused by calcium and magnesium deposits
 Water softening
 Water plus human waste from toilets and
urinals
 Waste water from laundry area, lavatory, sink,
shower and bathtub.
 Caused by iron and manganese
 Mode of turbidity correction
 Indirect water distribution system
 Water supply requirement for single family
 WSFU value for bathtub, public use
 Minimum fixture supply size for lavatory
 Toilet - water closet
 Individual vent - back vent
 Building sewer -
 Building drain -
 Clean-out -
 P-trap -
 Floor set - floor mounted
 Gate Valve - full way valve
 Hub - bell
 Lavatory - wash basin
 Vent stack - main vent
 Common vent - unit vent
 Soil or waste vent -
 Slop sink - service sink?
 Flocculation - coagulation