CANTILEVER SHEET PILE WALLS (SAND PENETRATION)

Let L1 = 3m
L2 = 8m

g = 16 kN/m3
gsat = 18 kN/m3
gw = 9.81 kN/m3
c = 0 kN/m2
f' = 30 o
g' = gsat - gw
g' = 8.19 kN/m3

a) Calculate the theoretical value of the depth of embedment, D (15%).

Step 1 Calculate Ka and Kp
Ka = tan2(45 - f'/2)
= 0.33
Kp = tan (45 + f'/2)
2

= 3.00
Kp - Ka
= 2.67
Step 2 Obtain s1' and s2'
s1' = g L1 Ka
= 16.00 kN/m2

s2 ' = (g L1 + g' L2) Ka

= 37.84 kN/m2
Step 3 Obtain L3
L3 = s2' / (g' (Kp - Ka))
= 1.73 m

Step 4 Calculate P and z

P = 0.5 s1' L1 + s1' L2 + 0.5 (s2' - s1') L2 + 0.5 s2' L3 24
= 272.141 kN/m

z = [(0.5 s1' L1) (L3 + L2 + L1/3) + (s1' L2) (L3 + L2/2)

+ (0.5 (s2' - s1') L2) (L3 + L2/3) + (0.5 s2' L3) (L3*2/3)] / P 257.5824

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

 = 5.19 m 257.5824

Step 5 Calculate s5
s5 ' = 378.4 kN/m2

Step 6 Obtain L4

A1
A2
A3
Subtituting proper values yields, A4

L44 + 17.326 L4 -
3
99.69 L4 -
2
2072.03 L4 - 7349.4 = 0
Solving the preceding equation, we obtain
L4 = 11.56 m

So, the theoretical depth of penetration,

Dtheoretical = L3 + L4
= 13.29 m

Assume that Dactual = 1.3 Dtheoretical

Dactual = 17.28 m

b) Draw the pressure distribution diagram (5%).

s3' = g' (Kp - Ka) L4
= 252.471 kN/m2
s4 ' = s5' + g' (Kp - Ka) L4
= 630.871 kN/m2

See figure above

c) Determine L5

L5 = 2.68784 m

d) Determine the theoretical maximum moment (10%).

For zero shear,

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

z' = 4.99213 m

Taking the moment about the point of zero shear, we obtain

Mmax = 2319.25 kN-m/m

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

CANTILEVER SHEET PILE WALLS (CLAY PENETRATION)

Let L1 = 3m
L2 = 5m
g = 16 kN/m3
gsat = 18 kN/m3
gw = 10 kN/m3
c = 35 kN/m2
f' = 30 o
g' = gsat - gw
g' = 8 kN/m3

a) Find the theoretical depth of penetration, D (20%)

Step 1 Calculate Ka
Ka = tan2(45 - f'/2)
= 0.33

Step 2 Obtain s1' and s2'

s1 ' = g L1 Ka
= 16.00 kN/m2

s2 ' = (g L1 + g' L2) Ka

= 29.33 kN/m2

Step 3 Calculate P1 and z1

P1 = 0.5 s1' L1 + s1' L2 + 0.5 (s2' - s1') L2
= 137.333 kN/m

z1 = [(0.5 s1' L1) (L2 + L1/3) + (s1' L2) (L2/2) + (0.5 (s2' - s1') L2) (L2/3)] / P1
= 2.91 m

Step 4 Obtain the theoretical value of D

Subtituting proper values yields,

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

 52 D2 - 274.67 D - 1181.48 = 0

Solving the preceding equation, we obtain

D = 8.09 m

So, the theoretical depth of penetration,

Dtheoretical = 8.09 m

b) Increase of D by 40%. What length of sheet piles is needed? (5%)

Dactual = 1.4 Dtheoretical
Dactual = 11.33 m
The total length of the sheet piles is
= L1 + L2 + Dactual
= 19.33 m

c) Determine the theoretical maximum moment in the sheet pile (10%).

s6 = 4c - (g L1 + g' L2)
= 52 kN/m2

z' = P1 / s6
= 2.64 m

So the theoretical maximum moment in the sheet pile

Mmax = P1(z' + z1) - (s6 z'2/2)
= 580.906 kN-m/m

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

ANCHORED SHEET PILE WALLS (SAND PENETRATION)

Let L1 = 4.25 m
L2 = 8.25 m
l1 = 1.5 m
l2 = 2.75 m
g = 17.5 kN/m3
gsat = 19 kN/m3
gw = 9.81 kN/m3
c = 0 kN/m2
f' = 35 o
g' = gsat - gw
g' = 9.19 kN/m3

a) Calculate the theoretical value of the depth of embedment, D (15%).

Step 1 Calculate Ka and Kp
Ka = tan2(45 - f'/2)
= 0.27
Kp = tan2(45 + f'/2)
= 3.69
Kp - Ka
= 3.42
Step 2 Obtain s1' and s2'
s1 ' = g L1 Ka
= 20.15 kN/m2

s2 ' = (g L1 + g' L2) Ka

= 40.70 kN/m2
Step 3 Obtain L3
L3 = s2' / (g' (Kp - Ka))
= 1.30 m

Step 4 Calculate P and z

P = 0.5 s1' L1 + s1' L2 + 0.5 (s2' - s1') L2 + 0.5 s2' L3
= 320.218 kN/m

z = [(0.5 s1' L1) (L3 + L2 + L1/3) + (s1' L2) (L3 + L2/2)

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

 + (0.5 (s2' - s1') L2) (L3 + L2/3) + (0.5 s2' L3) (L3*2/3)] / P
= 5.35 m

Step 5 Obtain L4

Subtituting proper values yields,

L43 + 18.44 L4 -
2
212.29 = 0
Solving the preceding equation, we obtain
L4 = 3.14 m

So, the theoretical depth of penetration,

Dtheoretical = L3 + L4
= 4.43 m

Assume that Dactual = 1.3 Dtheoretical

Dactual = 5.76 m

b) Draw the pressure distribution diagram (5%).

s8' = g' (Kp - Ka) L4
= 98.5562 kN/m2
See figure above

c) Determine the anchor force per unit length of the wall (5%).
F = P - 0.5 g' (Kp - Ka) L4
2

= 165.657 kN/m

d) Determine the theoretical maximum moment (10%).

For zero shear,
0.5 s1' L1 - F + s1'(z - L1) + 0.5 Ka g' (z - L1)2 = 0

Let z - L1 = x, so that
0.5 s1' L1 - F + s1' x + 0.5 Ka g' x2 = 0
42.8291 - 165.6566 + 20.15 x + 1.245 x2 = 0
-122.827 + 20.15 x + 1.245 x = 2
0
Solving the preceding equation, we obtain
x = 5.37 m
So, z = L1 + x
z = 9.62 m

Taking the moment about the point of zero shear, we obtain

Mmax = -0.5 s1' L1 (x + L1/3) + F ( x + l2) - s1'x2/2 - 0.5 Ka g' x2 (x/3)

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

 = 699.509 kN-m/m

e) Using Rowe’s moment reduction technique, choose a sheet pile section (10%).
The total length of sheet pile is
H' = L1 + L2 + Dactual
H' = 18.26 m

E = 172500 MN/m2
sall = 210000 kN/m2

r = 10.91 x 10-7 Md = S sall

Section I (m4/m) H' (m) log r S (m3/m) Md/Mmax
(H'4/EI) (kN - m / m)
PZ-22 1.15E-04 18.26 6.11E-03 -2.2142878 9.70E-04 203.70 0.291
PZ-27 2.52E-04 18.26 2.80E-03 -2.5533733 1.62E-03 340.83 0.487
PZ-35 4.93E-04 18.26 1.43E-03 -2.8460345 2.61E-03 547.05 0.782
PZ-40 6.71E-04 18.26 1.05E-03 -2.9792341 3.26E-03 685.44 0.980

PZ-35

PZ-27

PZ-22

It can be seen that PZ-22 will be sufficient and economical.

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

ANCHORED SHEET PILE WALLS (CLAY PENETRATION)

Let L1 = 3.25 m
L2 = 8m
l1 = 1.5 m
l2 = 1.75 m
g = 17.5 kN/m3
gsat = 19 kN/m3
gw = 9.81 kN/m3
c = 35 kN/m2
f' = 35 o
g' = gsat - gw
g' = 9.19 kN/m3

a) Find the theoretical depth of penetration, D (20%)

Step 1 Calculate Ka
Ka = tan2(45 - f'/2)
= 0.27
Kp = tan2(45 + f'/2)
= 3.69

Step 2 Obtain s1' and s2'

s1 ' = g L1 Ka
= 15.41 kN/m2

s2 ' = (g L1 + g' L2) Ka

= 35.34 kN/m2

Step 3 Calculate P1 and z1

P1 = 0.5 s1' L1 + s1' L2 + 0.5 (s2' - s1') L2
= 228.039 kN/m

z1 = [(0.5 s1' L1) (L2 + L1/3) + (s1' L2) (L2/2) + (0.5 (s2' - s1') L2) (L2/3)] / P1
= 4.09 m

Step 4 Calculate s6

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07

 s6 = 9.605 kN/m2

Step 5 Obtain the theoretical value of D

Subtituting proper values yields,

9.605 D2 + 187.30 D - 2580.33 = 0

Solving the preceding equation, we obtain

D = 9.32 m

So, the theoretical depth of penetration,

Dtheoretical = 9.32 m

b) Increase of D by 40%. What length of sheet piles is needed? (5%)

Dactual = 1.4 Dtheoretical
Dactual = 13.05 m
The total length of the sheet piles is
= L1 + L2 + Dactual
= 24.30 m

c) Determine the anchor force per unit length of the wall (5%).
F = P1 - s6 D
= 138.509 kN/m

d) Determine the theoretical maximum moment (10%).

For zero shear,
0.5 s1' L1 - F + s1'(z - L1) + 0.5 Ka g' (z - L1)2 = 0

Let z - L1 = x, so that
0.5 s1' L1 - F + s1' x + 0.5 Ka g' x2 = 0
25.0454 - 138.5094 + 15.41 x + 1.245199 x2 = 0
-113.464 + 15.41 x + 1.245199 x2 = 0
Solving the preceding equation, we obtain

Solusi UAS Rekayasa Bangunan Geoteknik TA 06/07