ASSIGNMENT 2- Pressure & Hydrostatic Force

DNT233 Thermofluid(Sem 2-2012/2013)

1. A gasoline line is connected to a pressure gage through a double-U manometer, as

shown in figure below. If the reading of the pressure gage is 370 kPa, determine
the gage pressure of the gasoline line.

Pgage   w ghw   oil ghoil   Hg ghHg   gasoline ghgasoline  Pgasoline

Pgasoline   w g  hw  SGoil hoil  SGHg hHg  SGgasoline hgasoline 
 
Pgasoline  370kPa  1000kg / m3 9.81m / s 2   0.45m  0.79 0.5m   13.6 0.1m   0.7 0.22m 
Pgasoline  355kPa

2. Consider a hydraulic jack being used in a car repair shop, as in figure below. The
pistons have an area of A1 = 1 cm2 and A2 = 0.04 m2. Hydraulic oil with a specific
gravity of 0.870 is pumped in as the small piston on the left side is pushed up and
down, slowly raising the larger piston on the right side. A car that weighs 20,000
N is to be jacked up. (a) At the beginning, when both pistons are at the same
elevation (h = 0), calculate the force F1 in newtons required to hold the weight of
the car. (b) Repeat the calculation after the car has been lifted two meters (h = 2
m).
 F1 F
P1   P2  2
A1 A2
2
A 1.00cm 2  1m 
F1  F2 1   20,000    50 N
A2 0.04m 2  100cm 

F1 F
P1   P2  gh  2  gh
A1 A2

 870kg / m 3  9.8o7m / s 2  2m   0.0001m 2   51.706N

0.0001m 2
P1   20,000 2
0.04m

3. The pressure difference between an oil pipe and water pipe is measured by a
double-fluid manometer, as shown in figure below. For the given fluid heights
and specific gravities, calculate the pressure difference ΔP = PB – PA.

PB  PA  SGw  w ghw  SG Hg  w ghHg  SG gly  w ghgly  SGoil  w ghoil

 g w  SG w hw  SG Hg hHg  SG gly hgly  SGoil hoil 
  9.81m / s 2 1000kg / m 3 1 0.55m   13.5 0.2m   1.26 0.42m   0.88 0.1m  
 27.6kPa
 4. A 3-m-high, 6-m-wide rectangular gate is hinged at the top edge at A and is
restrained by a fixed ridge at B. Determine the hydrostatic forced exerted on the
gate by the 5-m-high water and the location of the pressure center.

FR  Pavg A   ghC A
 1 kN 
  1000 kg/m3   9.81 m/s 2   3.5 m   3  6 m 2   2 
 1000 kg  m/s 
 618 kN
The vertical distance of the pressure center from the free surface of
water is
b b2 3 32
yP  s    2   3.71 m
2 12( s  b / 2) 2 12(2  3 / 2)

5. The gate shown in figure below is 2m wide and hinged at point A. Calculate the force
required at point B to open the gate if the mass of the gate is 10kg.
 Answer
FR = 161865 N, YR = 5.64 m, B = 88.5 kN

6. A 4-m-long curved gate is located in the side of a reservoir containing water as

shown in figure below. Determine the magnitude of the resultant force and angle
of the force on the gate.