INNOVENT Technologieentwicklung Industrieforschungseinrichtung Gründung 1994

Coatings protect glass surfaces against dust and corrosion

Grenz- und Oberflächentechnologie Biomaterialien Magnetische und optische Systeme Analytik

Overview

1. Coating techniques

1.1 Flame treatment

1.2 Sol Gel treatment
1.3 Plasma treatment

2. Layer systems

2.1 Hydrophobic Layers

2.2 Anti corrosion Layers
2.3 Self cleaning layers
2.4 Anti reflective layers
2.5 Antibacterial layers

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1. Coating Techniques

Flame Treatment: CCVD

Chemical Combustion Vapor Deposition

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1. Coating Techniques
1.1 Flame treatment: CCVD
Coating Process

• propane gas flame precursor doping

• direct mode pyrolytic chemical reaction SiOx nanolayers
• remote mode hydrolytic chemical reaction TiOx nanolayers
• layer properties = f(treatment process + precusror composition)
• thickness: 10 - 200 nm

r-C-CVD

C-CVD

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1. Coating Techniques
1.1 Flame treatment: CCVD

CCVD

r-CCVD

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1. Coating Techniques
1.1 Flame treatment: CCVD
Coating Plant @ INNOVENT

• 3 steps in coating process

• all in one plant

• 1st: cleaning and drying

• 2nd: heating (optional)

• 3rd: flame coating

• current substrate size: 2 x 1.2 meters

• thermal stable materials

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1. Coating Techniques

Sol Gel Treatment

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1. Coating Techniques
1.2 Sol Gel Treatment
Coating Process

• fluid precursors (Sol)

• particles are growing by hydrolisation (Aggregation)
• network is growing by condensation (Gelation)
• the density of the network is increasing
• heating process gets fluid species out of the network
• 150 – 500 nm thickness

Types of coating
• Dip-, Spray-, Spin-, Paint-, Curtain- coating

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1. Coating Techniques
1.2 Sol Gel Treatment
Coating Plant @ INNOVENT

• curtain coating system

• foils can be plasma treated

very plane coatings

• thermal impact by heating

• thickness 150 – 500 nm

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1. Coating Techniques
1.2 Sol Gel Treatment
Coating Plant @ INNOVENT

• investment in 2014

• complete coating system

• substrates
• plastic foils
• solid sheet material

Exhaust
plasma treatment
control unit
Coating Heating

unroll roll up

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1. Coating Techniques

Plasma Treatment: APCVD

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Vapor Deposition

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1. Coating Techniques
1.3 Plasma Treatment: APCVD
Coating Process
1 2
• using a nonthermal plasma
• @ atmospheric pressure
• HMDSO Precursors SiOx layers
• substrates moved under Jet
• small samples (areal coating)1
• specified coating (lined coating)2

direct mode

remote mode

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1. Coating Techniques
1.3 Plasma Treatment: APCVD
Coating Plants @ INNOVENT

• Singlejet
• wide range of settings
• power management
• precursors 1 cm
• embedded particles
• properties
• small samples or specified coating
• handling by robot possible (3D)

• Multijet
• range of settings bit smaller
• due to system
• large flat samples
• fibers as well

10 cm

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1. Coating Techniques
1.3 Plasma Treatment: APCVD

1 cm

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1. Coating Techniques
Toolbox

Flame – CVD Plasma-CVD 1 cm

(Electro-)
Sol-Gel
(C-CVD) (AP-CVD) Plating

Technology combination 10 cm

2.1 Hydrophobic layers

2.2 Anti corrosion layers
2.3 Self cleaning layers
2.4 Anti reflective layers
2.5 Anti bacterial layers

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2. Layer Systems

Hydrophobic layers

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2. Layer Systems
2.1 Hydrophobic Layers
Overview
super phobic
• contact angle hydrophobic

hydrophilic

α α α

σ S − σ SL
• described by young’s law cos α =
σL
• by changing σS improved wetting properties

• done by nanoscalic coatings (Sol Gel, CCVD, APCVD)

• by this effect soil can be easily washed away by rain

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2. Layer Systems

Anti corrosion layers

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2. Layer Systems
2.2 anti corrosion layers on glass
Overview

• glass corrosion
• water film with low quantity of water
• soluble ions migrate to surface
• growing of an alkaline hydroxide layer source: Wikipedia
• destroying of Si-O network

H2O
alkaline hydroxide fluid film

1 cm

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2. Layer Systems
2.2 anti corrosion layers on glass
Overview

• stop the diffusion of ions by a high density SiOx layer

• no gelation of alkaline hydroxides

• no destroying of the network

• surface stays plane

1 cm

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2. Layer Systems

Self cleaning layers

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2. Layer Systems
2.3 self cleaning layers
Overview

• photo catalytic effect

• UV light as part of sunlight

• electron – hole pairing

• redox reaction on the surface by producing radicals

reaction with organic pollution

• surface can clean itself

• efficient using of sunlight Greenhouses

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2. Layer Systems

Anti reflective layers

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2. Layer Systems
2.4 anti reflective layers
Overview glass surface

• glass surface = low roughness

• mirror effects on surface

SiOx layer
• a part of light is reflected back

• solution: nano roughness

• very thin, high porous SiOx nanolayer UV-VIS-Spektren vonof

UV-Vis spectra unterschiedlich
coated
beschichteten Floatgläsern
float glasses
94
• higher amount of light gets through

ger. Transmission, 0° / %
92 1 cm
the surface 90
A C3
B C3
88 C C3
86 D C3
unb.
84

82
350 550 750 950
Wavelength
Wellenlänge[nm]
/ nm

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2. Layer Systems

Anti bacterial layers

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2. Layer Systems
2.5 anti bacterial layers
Overview

• use of Ag-nitrate solution as well as of Ag nanoparticles

• homogeneous distribution of silver in the film structure

• strong / significant bactericidal behavior

• depending on the washability test stress

• thickness about 150 - 200 nm

1 cm

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2. Layer Systems
2.5 anti bacterial layers

E.coli uncoated glass SiOx-film

control unit

Ag-SiOx: 0 Ag-SiOx: 10 Ag-SiOx: 100

testing unit
washing cycles

Ag-SiOx: 1000 Ag-SiOx: 10000

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Layer Systems
Conclusion
Overview

• toolbox for creating nanolayers with different properties

• depends on surface material
• depends on functions to get realized
• depends on usage

this was just a small part of the possibilities of nanocoatings

due to the topic of glass surfaces

There are much more possibilities for using nanolayers

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Thank you for your attention

INNOVENT e.V.
Technologieentwicklung
Pruessingstrasse 27B
07745 Jena

www.innovent-jena.de

Max Ramm
Scientist, Surface engineering

Tel. +49 3641 28 25 61

E-Mail mr2@innovent-jena.de

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