ESIQIE - IPN 1

Tarea 11
Problema del Capı́tulo 3
Isaı́as Chamorro Cruz

P ROBLEM 3.1
Determine the engineering strain e, the true strain , and the reduction in area q for each of the following situations:

(a) Extension from L to 1.1L

(b) Compression from h to 0.9h
(c) Extension from L to 2L
(d) Compression from h to 0.5h
(e) Compression to zero thickness

Engineering Strain True Strain Reduction of Area

e = L−L
L
0
 = Ln(e + 1) q = 1 − LL0
0
(1.1)−(1) 1
a) L0 = 1, L = 1.1 1
= 0.10 Ln((0.10) + 1) = 0.095 1− 1.1
= 0.0909
(1)−(0.9) 1
b) L0 = 1, L = 0.9 0.9
= −0.10 Ln((−0.10) + 1) = −0.105 1− 0.9
= −0.1111
(2)−(1) 1
c) L0 = 1, L = 2 1
= 1.0 Ln((1) + 1) = 0.693 1− 2
= 0.50
(0.5)−(1) 1
d) L0 = 1, L = 0.5 1
= −0.5 Ln((−0.5) + 1) = 0.693 1− 0.5
= −1.0
(0)−(1) 1
e) L0 = 1, L = 0 1
= −1.0 Ln((−1) + 1) = −∞ 1− 0
= 0.0909

P ROBLEM 3.2
A 2-in diameter forging billet is decreased in height (upset) from 5 to 2 in.

(a) Determine the average axial strain and the true strain in the direction of compression
(b) What is the final diameter of the forgin (neglet bulging)?
(c) What are the transverse plastic strains?

a)
L − L0 2−5
e= = = −0.6
L0 5

 = ln(e + 1) = ln(−0.6 + 1) = −0.916

b)
A0 L0 = AL
π 2 π L0 2
D L0 = D2 L −→ D2 = D
4 0 4
r L 0
L0 2
D= D0
rL
2 2
= 2
5
= 3.16in
ESIQIE - IPN 2

c)
1 = radial strain, 2 = circunferencial strain and 3 = axial strain. Where 1 = 2

1 + 2 + 3 = 0
1 + 1 + 3 = 0
21 + 3 = 0 −→ 21 = −3
3
1 = −
2
−0.916
1 = −
2
1 = 0.458

P ROBLEM 3.3
A 1-in thick plate is decreased in thickness according to the following schedule: 0.50, 0.25, 0.125 in. Compute the total
strain on the basis of initial and final dimensions and the summation of the incremental strain, using.

(a) conventional strain and

(b) true strain.

Engineering Strain True Strain

e = L−L
L
0
 = Ln(e + 1)
0
(0.5)−(1)
L0 = 1, L = 0.5 1
= −0.5 Ln((−0.5) + 1) = −0.6931
(0.25)−(1)
L0 = 1, L = 0.25 1
= −0.75 Ln((−0.10) + 1) = −1.3862
(0.125)−(1)
L0 = 1, L = 0.125 1
= −0.875 Ln((−0.875) + 1) = −2.0794

The Engineering strain have a linear behaviour while the True strain have a non-linear behaviour.