Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

FOR

Flow over Weirs Apparatus

Model FM 02

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

WARRANTY CERTIFICATE
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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

PURCHASER:
Purchase Contract No:.
Supply of Flow Over Weirs Apparatus Model FM 02

The above instrument is warranted to be free from defects in workmanship and material and if it proves
so defective within calendar months from the date of shipment to the original purchaser, named above it
shall be repaired or replaced free of charge provided
The Purchaser sends promptly to M/s. SCI-TECH ENGINEERING PRIVATE LIMITED
102, Regency, New Link Road, Dahisar (West), Mumbai 400 068. INDIA. , notice of defect and satisfactory
proof thereof as abolishing that the instrument has been properly maintained and operated within the
limits of rated capacity and normal usages, and
 Assumes the obligation of all expenses of returning the defective instrument, properly packed to
the Factory at the address given in (a) above, if required.
 On parts of products incorporated in the instrument but not manufactured by M/s. SCI-TECH
ENGINEERING PRIVATE LIMITED, this warranty is limited to extending to the
purchaser the same warranty as given by the supplier of such part or products.
This guarantee dose not covers consumable parts such as Bulbs, Fuses, and Rubber Seals etc.
Under the circumstances shall M/s SCI-TECH ENGINEERING PRIVATE LIMITED, have any
liability whatsoever for loss of use or for any indirect or consequential damages.
We can only undertake to send our men to a distance to investigate and put right alleged defects on the
distinct understanding that we are paid for their time and expenses in every case.
M/s. SCI-TECH ENGINEERING PRIVATE LIMITEDdecision about repairing or replacing the
equipment or its parts will be final and binding on all concerned parties.
Unless superseded or in contractual form, this warranty is made expressly in lieu of all the other liabilities
and obligations on our part.
Date: For SCI-TECH ENGINEERING PRIVATE
LIMITED
Place: Mumbai/INDIA

INDEX

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

Sr. No. Description Page no.

1. COMPONENT LIST 7

2. PRECAUTIONS 8

3. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 9

4. THEORY 11

5. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 13

6. OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE 15

7. OBSERVATION TABLE 17

8. CALCULATION & RESULTS 18

9. SAMPLE READING & RESULTS 21

9. TROUBLESHOOTING 22

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

COMPONENT LIST
The apparatus is supplied as an accessory for Hydraulic Bench FM 100 (supplied

separately) & it includes following components:

1. Weir Plates made of PVC, 4 with the followingnotch geometry :

(a) Rectangular Notch

(b) V-notch with 90˚ inclusiveangle

(c) V-notch with 45˚ inclusive angle

(d) V-notch with 120˚ inclusive angle

2. Digital Hook and Point Gauge

3. Fixing knobs for weirs

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

PRECAUTIONS

Note: Please refer to Operational Manual of Hydraulic Bench FM 100 for

Precautions related to Hydraulic Bench

1. Ensure that there is no leakage of water from sides of weir plates after it is fixed

on Hydraulic bench.

2. Before starting the water supply make sure that hook gauge is reset to zero when

its pointer is at bottom of the notch section.

3. Ensure to that the hook gauge pointer touches the water surface & does not

immerse in to it.

4. Ensure that the unit selected on hook gauge is millimeter (mm).

5. Make sure that water does not over flow the weir under test, adjust the water flow

accordingly.

6. After adjusting the water flow, wait for few minutes so that the flow is stabilized.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

1. Kindly remove the all packing material & clean the components with cloth.

Please check the components as per list mentioned above.

2. Visually inspect the components& make sure that there are no damages during

the transit.

3. Fill the water into the sump tank of Hydraulic Bench.

4. Connect the power cord to the Electric Distribution Board.

5. Remove the coupler from outlet of Flow Channel.

6. Mount the Hook & Pointer gauge on the walls of flow channel.

7. Power on the hook gauge & select the millimeter (mm) unit.

8. Fix any one of the weirs on the frame at end of flow channel of Hydraulic Bench

using the knobs provided.

9. Fasten the knobs to avoid leakage from the weir plate

10. Lower the pointer such that it touches lower edge of notch section.

11. As the pointer is resting on the lower edge of notch section, set the reading to

zero by pressing “ZERO” button of the hook gauge.

12. Raise the pointer up to upper edge of the notch section.

13. Make sure that flow control valve is at-least partially open.

14. Start the pump, water will start flowing through the channel.

15. Adjust the water flow rate & wait till water start flowing over the notch edge.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

16. Wait for couple of minutes so that water level becomes steady.

17. Ensure that there is no water leakage from the weir plate.

18. Lower the pointer such that it barely touches the water surface. Record the hook

gauge reading.

19. Change the water flow rate &keep the trainer running for few minutes.

20. Stop the pump.

21. Remove the electrical leads from distribution board.

22. Clean the bench with dry cloth.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

THEORY
Weirs:

When water flows through a channel the flow rate can be measured by using weirs

having a notch section. The water is made to flow through notch and depending up

on the level of water over the notch edge, the water flow rate can be determined.

The various shapes of notch sections include ‘V’ notch, Rectangular, Trapezoidal

etc.

Weir with Rectangular notch:

Water Level

2
Q th = × √ 2 g L H 5 /2
3

Where

L = Length of Rectangular Notch

H = Height of Water over Notch Edge

Q ac
Cd=
Q th

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

‘V’ Notch

Water Level

8 θ 5 /2
Q th =
15 ()
× √ 2 g tan
2
H

Where

θ = Angle of ‘V’ Notch

H = Height of Water over Notch Edge

Q ac
Cd=
Q th

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

Flow over Weirs:

The flow over weirs apparatus is designed to demonstrate use of weirs for flow

measurement through open channels & determining their discharge coefficient C d.

The apparatus is provided as an accessory to the Hydraulic Bench FM 100 & needs

the same for experimentation. The weir under test is fixed to the flow channel of

Hydraulic Bench with help of knobs. Four different types of weirs are provided for

comparison. A digital hook & pointer gauge is provided for measurement of water

level as it flows over the weir.

Set of Weirs

Four interchangeable weirs are provided with the apparatus. Three ‘V’ Notch weirs

with different angles of ‘V’ & a Rectangular weir are supplied. Each weir can be

easily mounted on the flow channel of Hydraulic Bench using fixing knobs.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

Hook & Pointer Gauge

A digital hook gauge with pointer is provided to measure the water level over the

weir. The digital indicator has provision to set the Zero to any position & the

measurement unit can be selected from millimeter or inches.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE
1. Fill the water into the sump tank of Hydraulic Bench.

2. Connect the power cord to the Electric Distribution Board.

3. Remove the coupler from outlet of Flow Channel.

4. Mount the Hook & Pointer gauge on the walls of flow channel.

5. Power on the hook gauge & select the millimeter (mm) unit.

6. Fix any one of the weirs on the frame at end of flow channel of Hydraulic Bench

using the knobs provided.

7. Fasten the knobs to avoid leakage from the weir plate

8. Lower the pointer such that it touches lower edge of notch section.

9. As the pointer is resting on the lower edge of notch section, set the reading to

zero by pressing “ZERO” button of the hook gauge.

10. Raise the pointer up to upper edge of the notch section.

11. Make sure that flow control valve is at-least partially open.

12. Start the pump, water will start flowing through the channel.

13. Adjust the water flow rate & wait till water start flowing over the notch edge.

14. Wait for couple of minutes so that water level becomes steady.

15. Ensure that there is no water leakage from the weir plate.

16. Lower the pointer such that it barely touches the water surface. Record the hook

gauge reading.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

17. Note down the flow meter reading.

18. Change the water flow rate & record the Hook Gauge reading & water flow rate

in each case.

19. Stop the pump.

20. Remove the weir plate by removing all the knobs & replace it with other plate.

21. Repeat the steps 8 through 19 for other weir plate.

22. After end of experiment, remove the weirs & hook gauge from hydraulic bench.

23. Remove the electrical leads from distribution board.

24. Clean the bench with dry cloth.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

OBSERVATION TABLE
Serial
Type of Weir Flow through Hook
No. Weir Gauge
Reading

Qac H
LPM mm
1 Rectangular

2 ‘V’ Notch – 45˚

3 ‘V’ Notch – 90˚

4 ‘V’ Notch – 120˚

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

CALCULATIONS
1. Rectangular Notch Weir

a. Theoretical Flow Rate Qth(m3/sec)

2
Q th = × √ 2 g L H 5 /2
3

L = Length of Rectangular Notch = 0.05 m

H = Height of Water over Notch Edge in meter

b. Convert Qac in to m3/sec

Flow ∈ LPM
Qac=
60

c. Calculate Coefficient of Discharge

Q ac
Cd=
Q th

2. ‘V’ Notch Weir

a. Theoretical Flow Rate Qthin m3/sec

8 θ 5 /2
Q th =
15 ()
× √ 2 g tan
2
H

Where
θ = Angle of ‘V’ Notch

H = Height of Water over Notch Edge

b. Convert Qac in to m3/sec

Flow ∈ LPM
Qac=
60

c. Calculate Coefficient of Discharge

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

Q ac
Cd=
Q th

Q ac
Cd=
Q th

Note:
Alternatively Actual Flow Rate Qac can be calculated by using measuring tank of Hydraulic
Bench FM 100, Kindly refer operational manual for Hydraulic Bench for details.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

RESULT TABLE

Serial Type of Weir Theoretical Actual Discharge Coefficient of

No. Discharge Discharge

Qth Qac Cd
m3/sec m3/sec
1 Rectangular

2 ‘V’ Notch – 45˚

3 ‘V’ Notch – 90˚

4 ‘V’ Notch – 120˚

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

SAMPLE READING & RESULTS

Serial
Type of Weir Flow through Hook
No. Weir Gauge
Reading

Qac H
LPM mm
1 Rectangular 10 15
30 31
2 ‘V’ Notch – 45˚ 10 34
20 44

Serial Type of Weir Actual Discharge Theoretical Coefficient of

No. Discharge Discharge

Qac Qth Cd
m3/sec m3/sec
1 Rectangular

2 ‘V’ Notch – 45˚

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

TROUBLE SHOOTING
Sr. Fault Action/Remarks
No.
1. Hook Gauge does not 1. Check the
indicate reading battery & replace the same if
required.

2 Water leaking from sides of 1. Check the gasket for damage, replace
weir plate if required.

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 Flow Over Weirs Apparatus FM 02

SCI-TECH ENGINEERING PRIVATE LIMITED

(ISO 9001:2015 Certified, No: QMS/05060/0817)
102, Regency, New  Link Road, Dahisar (West),
Mumbai 400 068.  INDIA.                              
Tel: +91 98203 40238.
Website: www.scitechdidactic.com
E-mail:  nitinbarve@scitechdidactic.com; scitechenggpvtltd@yahoo.com

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