Friction 

is the resistance to motion of one object moving relative to another. It is not a fundamental
force, like gravity or electromagnetism. Instead, scientists believe it is the result of the
electromagnetic attraction between charged particles in two touching surfaces.

Friction is the force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are in contact. There are four
types of friction: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid friction. Static, sliding, and rolling friction occur
between solid surfaces.

Types Of Friction
Following are the friction types which depend on the types of motion:

1. Static Friction
2. Sliding Friction
3. Rolling Friction
4. Fluid Friction

Static Friction
Static friction is defined as the frictional force that acts between the surfaces when they are at rest
with respect to each other.
The magnitude of the static force is equal in the opposite direction when a small amount of force is
applied. When the force increases, at some point maximum static friction is reached.

Static Friction Examples

Following are the examples of static friction:

 Skiing against the snow

 Creating heat by rubbing both the hands together
 Table lamp resting on the table

Coefficient Of Static Friction

The coefficient of static friction is denoted as µs. The maximum force of static friction is given as the
product of the coefficient of static friction and normal force and force of static friction is less than or
equal to the product of the coefficient of static friction and normal force. It is given as:

Fs max = µs η and Fs ≤ µs η

Where,

 Fs is the force of static friction

 µs is the coefficient of static friction
 η is the normal force
 Fs max is the maximum force of static friction
Sliding Friction

What Is Sliding Friction?

Sliding friction is defined as the resistance that is created between any two objects when they are
sliding against each other.

Examples Of Sliding Friction

Following are the examples of sliding friction:

 Sliding of the block across the floor

 Two cards sliding against each other in a deck

Coefficient Of Sliding Friction

The coefficient of sliding friction is denoted as µs. The force of sliding friction is defined as the
product of the coefficient of sliding friction and the normal force. It is given as:

Fs = µs. Fn

Rolling Friction

What Is Rolling Friction?

Rolling friction is defined as the force which resists the motion of a ball or wheel and is the weakest
types of friction.

Examples Of Rolling Friction

Following are the examples of rolling friction:

 Rolling of the log on the ground

 Wheels of the moving vehicles

Coefficient Of Rolling Friction

The coefficient of rolling friction is denoted as µr. The force of rolling friction is defined as the product
of the coefficient of rolling friction and the normal force. It is given as:

Fs = µr. Fn

Fluid Friction

What Is Fluid Friction?

Fluid friction is defined as the friction that exists between the layers of the fluid when they are
moving relative to each other.

Examples Of Fluid Friction

Following are the examples of fluid friction:

 The flow of ink in pens

 Swimming
Stay tuned w
he frictional force is an aggregate effect arising from various physical phenomena: elasticity,
adhesion, viscosity, capillary forces, surface chemistry, phononic and electrostatic interaction,
etc. Any of them can dominate depending on conditions. Each tribology field
investigates friction at its own scale.
Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material
elements sliding against each other. There are several types of friction: Dry friction is a force
that opposes the relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces in contact.
Friction is a force and is measured in newtons. Friction comes in various types, for example: static,
kinetic, and rolling. We will begin our study by listing some general properties. Friction
 

 is essentially an electrostatic force between two surfaces

 never initiates motion; it only responds to motion
 depends on the types of materials that are in contact (µ - the coefficient of friction)
 depends on the net force normal pressing the two surfaces in contact (N)
 acts parallel to the surfaces that are (or might have the potential to be) moving with respect
to each other
 opposes the direction of motion
 is independent of the area of the surfaces in contact

 
Some additional facts about frictional forces include:
 

 static friction > kinetic friction > rolling friction for the same combinations of surfaces
 when two surfaces are slipping across each other in the presence of kinetic friction, heat is
generated and mechanical energy is not conserved
 when a ball rolls (static friction) without slipping across a surface, mechanical energy is
conserved and no heat is generated