Balala, Jerard M.

April 2, 2021
3BSABE-B
Types of Footing

Continuous wall footing/strip footing/wall

footing
Supports elongated masonry or reinforce concrete
cement wall. Sometimes it is even wider if the bearing
capacity of the soil then the width footing will be
lesser. Generally used in a load bearing structures. It
is used mostly in all Agricultural structure for it is easy
and convenient to build.

Advantages

• Easy to build
• Does not required skilled labors and expensive
tools to construct.

Disadvantages

• Durability is less compared to other types of

footings.

Isolated Footing
This kind of footings supports individual columns. If
good soil is available then this kind of footings are
economical. It also consists of a bottom slab. Soil
bearing capacity is high. Commonly used this footing
in constructing a wind mill.

Advantages

• It is cost effective than all other types of

footings.
• It involves minimum usage of construction
materials.
• It is easy to make and does not require very
heavduty excavation as in case of raft
foundations

Disadvantages

• Differential settlements
• High risk in severe cracking
• Can be subjected to torsion or tension forces
easily.
Combined Footing
A Combined footing supports two or more columns in a row.
The Combined footings can be rectangular in shape if both
the cumin carry equal loads, or can be trapezoidal if there are
space limitations and they carry unequal loads. Sometimes
used in a poultry house with a high ventilated flooring.

Advantages

• Because the soil's load-bearing capacity is low, a

combined footing is most suitable to build.
• The combined footing is widely used because of its
uniform pressure distribution under the footing.
• In difficult construction areas, the combined footing
can be used.
Disadvantages

• the foundation raft thickness is excessive; the issue

could be caused by a heat difference.
• Because many columns share the same footing, the
flooring area is reduced.
• Can be subjected to torsion or tension forces easily.
• Maintaining the columns' center of gravity is difficult.

Pile Footing
Pile footing are relatively long and slender members designed
by driving preformed units to the desired foundation level, or
by driving or drilling in tubes to the appropriate depth. Tubes
are filled with concrete before or during withdrawal or by
drilling unlined or partially lined boreholes filled with concrete
after that. It is used in some of the huge processing plants
such as feed mill, canning, and sometimes in a large-scale
rice milling structure. This type of footing can absorb
vibrations of the machines that are used in different
processing plants.

Advantages

• Less noise and vibration

• Low initial cost.
• High load capacities.
• Cylinder pile are suited for high bending resistance.

Disadvantages

• Cannot be inspected after the construction.

• Cannot be extended above ground level without
special adaptation.
• Acids down beleow can damage the concrete.
Raft or Mat Footing
Raft footings covered the entire area under a structure
and supports all the columns. It is used for large loads.
Used to support storage equipment’s, silos, storage tanks,
cooling towers, processing plants and building basements.

Advantages

• Since this foundation and floor slab are combined,

the project is cost-effective.
• It only necessarily requires a small amount of
digging.
• It can handle a variety of ground conditions,
including mixed or poor ground conditions, and it
reduces differential settlement.

Disadvantages

• The raft foundation's edges and corners are

weaker and must be treated before the building is
operated.
• Raft foundation design can be more time-
consuming than isolated or pad foundation
design. To avoid any hazardous or unfavorable
situations, the stresses of bearing capacity and
similar ones must be addressed one at a time.
• If not properly treated, edge erosion occurs.