RESULTS AND FINDINGS

Table 1.1

Q(m3/h) P11(bar) P12(bar) H(m)

0.0 2.00 -0.05 2.09*10-4

0.5 1.95 -0.05 2.04*10-4
1.0 1.90 -0.05 1.99*10-4
1.5 1.85 -0.05 1.94*10-4
2.0 1.80 -0.07 1.91*10-4
2.5 1.75 -0.07 1.86*10-4

Sample calculation P11 and P12 = pressure gauges

g =gravitational acceleration
(P 11−P 12)
H= p= Density of water(1000kg/m 3)
p.g

¯ ) ¯¿
2.00 −(−0.05 ¿
H= 1000 kg 2
. 9.81m/ s
m3

H= 2.09*10-4 m
b) Plot the graph of head versus flow rate

DISCUSSION

The experiment went as expected with no unusual events that would have introduced error. The pressure
gauges were measured as well as the flow rate and appear in Table 1.1 above. They are sample
calculations below Table 1.1 which show how to calculate the head performance. From those values a
graph of head versus flow rate was created. The measured values provide a nonlinear graph which shows
that it is decreasing at an increasing rate and this coincides with the theory of the experiment as the head
performance decreases while flow rate increases. The calculated head performance decreases with the
decrease in P11 (bar) while P12 (bar) slowly or gradual increase, all this is factual provided that the flow
rate gradually increases. Head performance is at its lowest when P11 is 1.75 but the rate is at its highest.
The head performance is calculated by the addition of P11 and P12 and the sum is then divided by the
density of water being 1000kg/m2 and gravitational field strength which is 9.81N/kg which are both
constants in this experiment From the graph above for the 0.5m 3 flowrate the pump head is 0.00204 m.
this experiment possible sources of error that were encountered were parallax error while taking the
reading of the pressure gauges of P11 and P12 during the experiment as the pressure gauges are used to
calculate the head performance and as such wrong measurement would result to errors when calculating.
Another source of error could be a systematic error by using an invalid measure which gives out wrong
answers and leads to misinterpretation of the experiment. Theoretically the head performance must
decrease with increase in flow rate in the experiment and the experimental values agree with the theory of
the experiment