CONJUNCTION AND PASSIVE VOICE

Kelompok 11

Nama Anggota Kelompok :

1. Taufik Hidayat (720412175)

2. Tegar Dwi Slamet wijaya (720412179)
3. Ulfatul Khoiriyah (720412197 )

Fakultas Hukum

Universitas Wiraraja

2020
 CONJUNCTION AND PASSIVE VOICE

1. CONJUNCTION

● Definition

Conjunction is a part of speech that is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or

sentences. Conjunctions are considered to be invariable grammar particles, and they may or
may not stand between items they conjoin.

Conjunction is a word that has a function as a connector between words and words, phrases
and phrases and clauses with clauses.

● Three Kinds of Conjunction Forms

1. Single Word. for example: and, but, because, although, or.

2. Correlative, for example: so ... that, both ... and, neither ... nor, etc.

3. Compound (usually ending in as or that), for example: as long as, in order that, etc.

● Conjunction Type

1. Coordinating Conjunction

Coordinating Conjunction is combining equivalent sentences. By using

conjunctions such as and or both. However, this sentence can stand alone even though it is
not connected by conjunction. The coordinating conjunction function between the two is:

a. Show Addition (Cumulative)

Commonly used conjunction conjunctions include and, both .... and, also, not
only .. but also, as well as, and no less than.

Example :

Mery and John will spend their holiday in Indonesia.

b. Show Options (Alternative)

The conjunction used includes neither..nor or, else, otherwise, and either ... or. the same
sentence.

Example : You can take either the white candy or the red one.

c. Show Controversy (Adversative)

The connecting words used include but, still, yet, nevertheless, however, where as, and
while.

Example: Mrs. Nia is kind but her sister isn't.

d. Shows Conclusions

The connecting words used are so, so then, then, for, and therefore.

Example : I'm ready; so, let's go now.

2. Correlative Conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that work together. Some

examples are either / or, neither / nor, and not only / but also.

Example: Not only am I finished studying for English, but I'm also finished writing my
history essay. I am finished with both my English essay and my history essay.

3. Subordination Conjunctions

Is a conjunction that is connected between clauses and main sentences. This means
that if you do not use conjunctions, then one sentence will be difficult to relate to it
standing alone. Among them are: After, Before, Is, As, How, Then, Where, Although,
Since, Though, When, Because, Until, etc.

Example:

I will pick you up at 9 am after I finish my work.

The proposal will never be approved until the requirements are met.
2. PASSIVE VOICE

A. Definition
Passive voice is a form of sentence where the subject of the sentence takes action, not
takes action. Unlike active voice which focuses on the party doing the action (doer of action),
this form focuses more on the party or object that receives the result of an action (receiver of
action).

B. Function
Passive sentences or more often we hear in a passive voice are used to show interest
in someone or an object that is subjected to an action and not a person or object carrying out
the action. In other words the most important things or people will be the subject of the
sentence.
Example : “The road is being repaired”. (= we are interested in the path, not in who did the
repair.)

C. Formula of Passive Voice

Passive voice = auxiliary + past participle

Auxiliary: is, am, are, was, were, has, have

Past participle: the past or perfect form of a
word

1. Simple Present Tense

Active : S + do / does + V1
Passive: S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by +
O
Example:
Active: Students speak English
Passive: English is spoken by students

2. Present Continuous Tense

Active: S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing + O
Passive: S + to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students is speaking English
Passive: English is being spoken by students

3. The Present Perfect Tense

Active: S + have / has + V3 + O
 Passive: S + have / has + been + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students have spoken English
Passive: English has been spoken by students

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Active: S + have / has + been + V1-ing + O
Passive: S + have / has + been + being + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students have been speaking English
Passive: English has been being spoken by students

5. Simple Past Tense

Active: S + V2 + O
Passive: S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students spoke English
Passive: English was spoken by students

6. Past Continuous Tense

Active: S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing + O
Passive: S + to be (was, were) + being + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students were speaking English
Passive: English was being spoken by students

7. Past Perfect Tense

Active: S + had note + V3 + O
Passive: S + had + been + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students had spoken English
Passive: English had been spoken by students

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Active: S + had + been + V1-ing + O
Passive: S + had + been + being + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students had been speaking English
Passive: English had been being spoken by students
9. Simple Future Tense
Active: S + will not + V1 + O
Passive: S + will be + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students will speak English
Passive: English will be spoken by students

10. Future Continuous Tense

Active: S + will + be + V1-ing + O
Passive: S + will + be + being + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students will be speaking English
Passive: English will be being spoken by students

11. Future Perfect Tense

Active: S + will + have + V3 + O
Passive: S + will + have + been + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students will have spoken English
Passive: English will have been spoken by students

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Active: S + will + have + been + V1-ing + O
Passive: S + will + have + been + being + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students will have been speaking English
Passive: English will have been being spoken by students

13. Simple Future Past Tense

Active: S + would + V1 + O
Passive: S + would + be + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students would speak English
Passive: English would be spoken by students

14. Future Past Continuous Tense

Active: S + would + be + V1-ing + O
Passive: S + would + be + being + V3 + by + O
Example:
 Active: Students would be speaking English
Passive: English would be being spoken by students

15. Future Past Perfect Tense

Active: S + would + have + V3 + O
Passive: S + would + have + been + V3 + by + O
Example:
Active: Students would have spoken English
Passive: English would have been spoken by students

16. Future Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Active voice: S + would + have + been + V1-ing + O
Passive voice: S + would + have + been + being + V3 + by +
O
Example:
Active voice: Students would have been speaking English
Passive voice: English would have been being spoken by
students