Pangasinan State University

Binmaley, Campus
Binmaley, Pangasinan

Group Report in Fundamentals of Criminal Investigation

and Intelligence

Former Soviet Union (USSR)

Submitted by: Group 4

Maila C. Resoso
Rosalinda D. Zarate
Tricia Marie F. Torres
Alvin Joshua Zabala
James Verceles
Reymart C. Villanueva
Junperson Tiro

Submitted to: Mr. Alvin Bruan

 Former Soviet Union
The KGB or the Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti is the official secret police
agency of the Soviet Union, in charge of the state security ( Commission of State Security)
-it operated from 1954 to 1991
-during its existence, unlike other countries security agencies, the KGB was effectively on
independent government body, with little oversight by Russian leaders
- “Loyalty to the Party- Loyalty to the Motherland” this is the motto of the Komitet
Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti, known to most of us has simply the KGB with the
fearsome reputation for the ruthless aggression calculated efficiency and for shrinking at
enemies of the Soviet Union in order to defend it. The KGB was the sword and the shield
of soviet Communism.
-the KGB had the authority to set up and maintain its separate facilities with its own
personal inside the existing structures of Soviet Union including the autonomous republics
and other territorial units. This facility is reported in independently to the kgb. It could
also do this within units of the soviet armed forces, the railway maritime and air
transportation department as well as ministry of internal affairs hoops formations and
border troop formations.
-In addition to these a new intelligence gathering group was earned as well as a security
body. Their two bodies were task with fighting foreign intelligence services, carrying out
their own intelligence gathering operations and ensuring the loyalty of the people to the
Soviet State.  All of the organization was directly accountable to the communist party.
This was all designed to give senior leadership independent information as to what was
happening in an areas of the Soviet Union and beyond in order to maintain the security of
the state.
- The KGB during Khrushchev’s Lenure as a leader of the USSR saw the soviet security
services undergo a great deal of reform.  The number of security agents employed was
decreased by more than half and more than 3,500 local offices were closed.
- In 1958, Ivan Serov was remove as need of the organization replace by Alexander
Shelepin who was notable for not being a service man but rather a party official.
- Alexander Shelepin set about redirecting the energies of the KGB to be more outward
focused rather than internal.
- He famously stated that “I want to reorient the KGB to international affairs, Internal
affairs plan (Less important).
- In 1959, in a secret decision by the Central Committee, the KGB was recognized as a
political organ whose aim to defend the social state from external and Internal enemies.
- At this time the communist party also become responsible for organizational and
personnel decision for the KGB. The party was to decide on what operations were to be
conducted. Senior positions in the KGB were regularly filled by men from the party and
not from the security service itself. These actions, like other taken prior, were taken to
ensure that the KGB could not recreate the same level of power that the MKVD had held
but would still be an effective force for fighting foreign intelligence service suppressing
internal dissent.
-In addition li litany of responsibilities, the KGB had its own Armed Military Units
including Naval Units, Armored units, Air units, and its own Special Troops or
Spetsnaz.
-given that long list of areas that the KGB was responsible for, it becomes clear why
soviet leadership was keen the security services under control but, that of course doesn't
mean that the kgb didn't involve itself in the power politics of the Soviet Union.
- A key example of this is shown by the removal of Khrushchev from power, although
shelepin have been removed as head of the KGB in 1961, replaced by a young and
experienced party cadre member by the name of Vladimir Semichastny, shelepin remained
as deputy premier in the soviet government.
-1967 saw one major change of focus for the KGB.
- Semichastny was replace by Yuri Andropov.
-Andropov is probably the most influential KGB Chief in the organization's history for a
few reasons.
-likely the result of his experiences as soviet ambassador in Budapest in 1956.
-Andropov increased the amount of focus the KGB spent on the suppression of dissidents
inside the Soviet Union and thereby generally increased the internal focus of the
organization.
- Andropov is also notable as he became the first KGB chief to become a politburo
member in 1973, eventually going on to become the general secretary of the Soviet Union
in 1982.
 Structure and Role of KGB
A list of significant events and practice’s had role in:
• The suppression of the 1956 Hungarian revolution, being responsible for the arrest of
Hungarian minister of defense Malater Pal. Throwing Hungarian army into disarray.
• The 1958 killing in Munich of Ukrainian nationalist leader Stepan Bandera.
• The punishment of the organizers and participant in 1962 worker strike in
Novocherkassk.
• The 1962 exposure of Oleg Penkovsky, a GRU officer working for British intelligence.
• The 1968 use of force to suppress the Prague spring was largely backed by Yuri
Andropov.
• The widespread support of armed leftist movements around the world was heavily back
by the KGB, resulting in leftwing governments coming to power or extend proxy wars in
developing nation's fighting US - backed forces.
• The suppression and persecution of dissidents inside the Soviet Union, such us Andrei
Sakharov and Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
• The mixed used of propaganda and enforcement to blocked the spread and influence of
western pop culture.
• Disinformation and propaganda campaign in west to help influence western political
agendas, notably the Anti - Pinochet propaganda campaign, operation toucan.
• The Recruitment of western security officers, Government officials, and technical expert
as spies.
To summarize all, The KGB was an organization that execute political repression.
- It was an organization that tasked out the political consensus of the senior leadership of
the USSR. It was powerful organization that extended its influence through all the facts of
Soviet life.
The KGB in its lifetime had Department called Directories

KGB
STRUCTURE
 1st main Directorate
EXTERNAL
INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORATE OF
SPETSNAZ

2nd Main Directorate

COUNTER MOBILIZATION
INTELLIGENCE DEPARTMENT

8th Main Directorate MILITARY

CRYPTOGRAPHY CONSTRUCTION
DIRECTORATE
DIRECTORATE OF CENTER FOR PUBLIC
THE GOVERNMENT RELATION
COMMUNICATIONS
7th SPECIAL DEPARTMENT
MAIN DIRECTOR RADIO
OF THE BORDER COUNTERINTELLIGENCE
TROOPS
4th SPECIAL DEPARTMENT
rd
3 MAIN DIRECTORATE RADIO
MILITARY COUNTERINTELLIGENCE
COUNTERINTELLIGENCE
15th DIRECTORATE
4th DIRECTORATE SECURITY OF
TRASPORTATION GOVERNMENT
INSTALLATION

DIRECTORATE 2 CLOSE PROTECTION

PROTECTION OF THE SERVICE
CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER

6th DIRECTORATE ECONOMIC

COUNTERINTELLIGENCE
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY