EE Department Electrical Network Analysis

NUST COLLEGE OF ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING

ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Submitted By: Muzammil Sohail

LAB REPORT # 5

DE-42 EE-A

DEPARTMENT Of Electrical Engineering

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Lab Report #5
OBJECTIVE:
To study the Gain vs. Frequency response of Passive RC, RL High Pass Filters

APPARATUS:
(1) Digital multi-meter (DMM).
(2) Function generator
(3) CRO
(4) Resistor ( 1k ), Capacitor ( 0.1 uF) , Inductor (10mH )
(5) Connecting wires
(6) Breadboard.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
RC High Pass Filter

RL High Pass Filter

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RC High Pass Filter:

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect the circuit elements on the bread board as shown in the above circuit

2. Put the terminals of the oscilloscope/ DMM (AC Voltmeter) across the resistor

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3. Apply the sine wave from the function generator

4. Start by giving a very small frequency on the function generator

5. There will be an output displayed on the oscilloscope/ DMM (AC Voltmeter)

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READINGS:
6. Keep on increasing the frequency
7. Note the response on the oscilloscope/ DMM (AC Voltmeter)

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8. When the magnitude of the voltage across the capacitor becomes 70% of the
peakvalue, note the frequency

70 % of the Peak Voltage = 3.5 V

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9. This is the cut off frequency of the high pass filter

Cut – off Frequency = 1559 Hz

10. Keep on increasing the frequency, the magnitude of voltage will increase

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READINGS:
11. This shows that the circuit is acting as a RC high pass filter.
12. Note down all essential readings

Frequency Input voltage Output voltage Gain (A=V0/Vi)

(Vi) (Vo)
100 5 0.313 0.062
300 5 0.926 0.185
500 5 1.499 0.299
700 5 2.013 0.402
900 5 2.462 0.492
1100 5 2.844 0.568
1300 5 3.164 0.632
1500 5 3.431 0.686
1559 5 3.5 0.7
1700 5 3.652 0.730
1900 5 3.835 0.767
2100 5 3.987 0.797
2300 5 4.114 0.822
2500 5 4.22 0.844

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Cut – off Frequency ( Calculated ) : 1591.549 Hz

13. Draw gain vs. frequency curve and perform error analysis for calculated and
measuredvalues of cut-off frequencies.

GRAPH:
Frequency ( x- axis ) vs Gain ( y- axis )

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Error Analysis:
Calculated Cut-off frequency = 1591.55 Hz
Graphical Cut-off Frequency = 1559 Hz
Percentage difference = 0.0208 %

RL High Pass Filter:

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect the circuit elements on the bread board as shown in the above circuit
2. Put the terminals of the oscilloscope/ DMM (AC Voltmeter) across the inductor
3. Apply the sine wave from the function generator

READINGS:
4. Start by giving a very small frequency on the function generator
5. There will be an output displayed on the oscilloscope / DMM (AC Voltmeter)

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6. Keep on increasing the frequency

7. Note the response on the oscilloscope / DMM (AC Voltmeter)

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8. When the magnitude of the voltage across the capacitor becomes 70% of the
peakvalue, note the frequency

70 of the Peak Voltage = 3.5 V

9. This is the cut off frequency of the high pass filter

Cut – off Frequency = 1559 Hz

10. Keep on increasing the frequency, the magnitude of voltage will increase

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11. This shows that the circuit is acting as a high pass filter
12. Note down all essential readings

CALCULATIONS:

Frequency Input voltage Output voltage Gain (A=V0/Vi)

(Vi) (Vo)
100 5 0.313 0.062
300 5 0.926 0.185
500 5 1.499 0.299
700 5 2.013 0.402
900 5 2.462 0.492
1100 5 2.844 0.568
1300 5 3.164 0.632
1500 5 3.431 0.686
1559 5 3.5 0.7
1700 5 3.652 0.730
1900 5 3.835 0.767
2100 5 3.987 0.797
2300 5 4.114 0.822
2500 5 4.22 0.844

Cut – off Frequency ( Calculated ) : 1591.549 Hz

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13. Draw gain vs. frequency curve and perform error analysis for calculated and
measuredvalues of cut-off frequencies.

GRAPH:
Frequency ( x- axis ) vs Gain ( y- axis )

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Error Analysis:
Calculated Cut-off frequency = 1591.55 Hz
Graphical Cut-off Frequency = 1559 Hz
Percentage difference = 0.0208 %

The End

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