Experiment # 3

Ohms law

Objective:

 To study the relation between current, voltage and resistance using ohms law.

Apparatus:

 AC power supply
 Single phase auto transformer
 Ammeter
 Voltmeter
 Variable resistor

Circuit Diagram:

Theory:

Ohm defined the constant of proportionality for a resistor to be the resistance R. (The
resistance is a material property which can change if the internal or external conditions of the
element are altered, e.g., if there are changes in the temperature.)

This is the mathematical form of Ohm’s law. R in is measured in the unit of ohms, designated
𝝮. Thus, the resistance R of an element denotes its ability to resist the flow of electric
current; it is measured in ohms (𝝮).
Procedure:

 Build the circuit.

 One DMM that is connected in series with the source and resistor must be set to
measure DC current and the second one that is connected across the resistor must be
set to measure the DC voltage.
 Now first keep the voltage constant.
 Change the value of resistance by increasing and decreasing load and then note it
using DMM.
 Read the value of current of each value of resistance using the ammeter and note it.
 Now keep the load constant.
 Change the value of applied voltage using a single phase autotransformer and note its
value using voltmeter.
 Read the value of current of each value of resistance using the ammeter and note it.

Observations and calculations:

Sr no Constant voltage Constant resistance

Current resistance Current Voltage
I(A) R(ohm) I(A) V
1
2
3
4
5