First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport.

Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim
8.5 Moment of Inertia for Composite Areas.
A composite area consists of a series of simpler parts or shapes such as rectangle, triangle
and circles. Provided the moment of inertia of each of these parts is known or can be
determined about a common axis, then the moment of inertia for the composite area about
this axis equals the algebraic sum of the moments of inertia for all its parts.

Procedure for Analysis

The moment of inertia for a composite area about a reference axis can be determined using
the following steps:-

1. Using a sketch, divided the area into its composite parts and indicates the perpendicular
distance from the centroid of each part to the reference axis.

2.If the centroidal axis for each part does not coincode with the reference axis, the parallel
axis theorem, should be used to determine the moment of inertia about the reference axis.

3. The moment of inertia of entire area about the reference axis is determined by the
summing the results of its composite parts about this axis.

4. If a composite part has an empty region(hole),its moment of inertia is found by subtracting

the moment of inertia of this region from the moment of inertia of the entire part including
the region.

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‫قسم الطرق والنقل‬
‫الجامعة المستنصرية‬. ‫كلية الهندسة‬
First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport. Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim

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‫قسم الطرق والنقل‬
‫الجامعة المستنصرية‬. ‫كلية الهندسة‬
First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport. Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim
Examples

Example(6):-

Determine the moment of inertia of the beam cross sectional area about the x axis.

Solution:-
Since the x axis pass through the centroid of both
rectangular segments then;
𝐼𝑥 = (𝐼𝑋 )1 + (𝐼𝑋 )2

100(2603 ) 92.5(2303 )
= − = 27.7(106 )𝑚𝑚4
12 12

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‫قسم الطرق والنقل‬
‫الجامعة المستنصرية‬. ‫كلية الهندسة‬
First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport. Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim
Example(2):-

Determine the moment of inertia for the cross sectional area of the member shown in figure
about the x and y centroidal axes.

Solution:-
Rectangle A and D
100(300)3
𝐼𝑥 = 𝐼𝑥́ + 𝐴𝑑 2 = + 100(300)(200)2
12
=1.425(109 )𝑚𝑚4
300(100)3
2
𝐼𝑦 = 𝐼𝑦́ + 𝐴𝑑 = + 100(300)(250)2
12
= 1.9(109 )𝑚𝑚4
Rectangle B
600(100)3
Ix = = 0.05(109 )mm4
12
100(600)3
I𝑦 = = 1.8(109 )mm4
12

The moment of inertia for the entire cross section

Ix = 2(1.425(109 )) + 0.05(109 ) = 2.9(109 )mm4
Iy = 2(1.9(109 )) + 1.8(109 ) = 5.6(109 )mm4

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‫قسم الطرق والنقل‬
‫الجامعة المستنصرية‬. ‫كلية الهندسة‬
First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport. Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim
Example(3):-
Determine the moment of inertia of the composite area about the y axis.

Solution:-

Iy = Iý + Ad2
(200)(300)3 1
=[ + (200)(300)(200)2 ] +
36 2
(200)(300)3
[ + (200)(300)(450)2 ] +
12
𝜋
[− (75)4 + (−𝜋(75)2 )(450)2 ] =
4

10.3 × 109 𝑚𝑚4

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‫قسم الطرق والنقل‬
‫الجامعة المستنصرية‬. ‫كلية الهندسة‬
First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport. Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim
Example(4):-
The polar moment of inertia for the area is Jc=642(106) mm4, about the z axis passing
through the centroid C.The moment of inertia about the 𝑦́ axis is 264(109) mm4, and the
moment of inertia about the x axis is 938(106) mm4.determine the area A.

Solution:-

JC = Ix́ + Iý
642 × 106 = Ix́ + 264 × 106
Ix́ = 378(106 )mm4
Ix = Ix́ + Ad2

938 × 106 = 378 × 106 + Ad2

560 × 106 = 𝐴(200)2
A = 14 × 103 mm2

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‫الجامعة المستنصرية‬. ‫كلية الهندسة‬
First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport. Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim
Example(5):-

Determine the moment of inertia of the shaded area with respect to y axis

Solution:-
For area 1

𝐼𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝐴
dA = (10 − y)dx
10
Iy = ∫ x 2 (10 − y)dx
0

10
𝑥2
Iy = ∫ x 2 (10 − ) dx
0 10
10
𝑥4
= ∫ (10𝑥 2 − ) 𝑑𝑥 = 1333𝑐𝑚4
0 10

For area 2
𝑏ℎ3 10(63 )
𝐼𝑦 = = = 720𝑐𝑚4
3 3

For area 3

10(6)3 10(6)(42 )
𝐼𝑦 = + = 540𝑐𝑚4
36 2

For the total area

𝐼𝑦 = 1333 + 720 + 540 = 2593𝑐𝑚4

Example(6):-
Determine the distance 𝑦̅ to the centroid of the beam cross sectional area, then determine the
moment of inertia about the 𝑥́ axis.

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‫قسم الطرق والنقل‬
‫الجامعة المستنصرية‬. ‫كلية الهندسة‬
First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport. Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim

Solution:-
To find the centroid
segment A(𝑚𝑚2) 𝑦́ (mm) ́ (mm)
𝑦𝐴
1 50(100) 75 375(103 )
2 325(25) 12.5 101.56(103 )
3 25(100) -50 -125(103 )
∑ 15.625(103 ) 351.5625(103 )

∑ 𝑦́ 𝐴 351.56(103 )
𝑦́ = = = 22.5𝑚𝑚
∑𝐴 15.625(103 )
To find the moment of inertia about the x axis,
use the parallel axis theorem.
segmen 𝐴(𝑚𝑚2 ) 𝑑𝑦 𝐼𝑋́ (𝑚𝑚4 ) 𝐴 𝑑𝑦 2 𝐼𝑥
t (𝑚𝑚)
1 50(100) 52.5 50(100)3 13.78(106 ) 17.9(106 )
12
2 325(25) 10 325(25)3 0.812(106 ) 1.236(106 )
12
3 25(100) 72.5 25(100)3 13.14(106 ) 15.22(106 )
12

Ix = ∑ Ix = 34.41 × 106 mm4

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‫قسم الطرق والنقل‬
‫الجامعة المستنصرية‬. ‫كلية الهندسة‬
First Class-Second Course Highway and Transport. Engineering Department
Engineering Mechanics College of Engineering
Dynamic Mustansiriyah University
2018-2019 Lec.Rana Hashim
Home Works

H.W(3)

Locate the centroid 𝑦̅ for the cross sectional area for the angle, then finds the moment of
inertia about the 𝑥́ centroidal axis.

Ans:64cm4

H.W(4)

Determine the moment of inertia about the y axis.

Ans:307cm4

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