Leaders: Lakandula and Sulayman

Cause: Lavezaris’ Reversal

Avemaria college of Legazpi’s Sulayman
 Cause: Abuses of Encomenderos

Avemaria college
Proponents: Pampangueño leaders
 Cause: Regain Lost Freedom
Leaders: Agustin Legaspi (nephew of Lakandula)
Martin Pangan (gobernadorcillo of Tondo)
Magat Salamat (son of Lakandula)
Juan Banal (Tondo Chief)
Geronimo Basi (Agustin Legaspi’s brother)
Esteban Taes (Bulacan Chief)
Pedro Balinguit (Pandacan Chief)
Avemaria college Pitonggatan (Tondo Chief)
Felipe Salonga Polo Chief)
Dioniso Fernadez (Japanese Christian interpreter)

Conspirator:Antonio Surabao and Pedro Sarmiento

Retaliator: Governor General Santiago de Vera
 Cause: Tribute

Cause: Tribute
Leader: Magalat
Conspirator: Filipino natives
Avemaria college
Retaliator: Governor Francisco Tello
 Cause: Oppression of Spanish
Officials
Leaders: Gabriel Dayag
Avemaria
Cause: college
Refusal
to
Felix Catubay
Accept New Religion
Peace Advocate:
Fr. Pedro de Santo Tomas
 Cause: Return to Native Religion

Leader: Tamblot- a babaylan

Avemaria college Cause: Return to Native Religion

Leaders: Bankaw –aged chieftain of Limasawa

Pagali-babaylan

Retaliator: Don Juan de Alcarazo

 Cause: Spanish Oppression
Leader: Pedro Ladia, descendant of Rajah Matan
Peace Advocate: Fr. Cristobal enriquez

Avemaria college

Cause: Controversial Decree to Send Carpenters

to the Cavite Shipyard

Leader: Dabao- Manobo Chieftain

 Cause: Forced Labor
Leader: Juan Sumuroy

Cause: frequent Recruitment of Men to Cut Timber in the

Avemaria college
Mountains and Bandala

Leader: Don Francisco Maniago- Chief in Mexico Village

Peace Negotiator: Governor Manque de Lara

 Cause: Spanish Oppression and the Desire to Replace
the Spaniards as Personal Rulers of the People
Leader: Andres Malong
Retaliator: Don Felipe de Ugalde
Don Francisco Esteban
Avemaria college

Cause:Continue Andres Malong’s Revolt (1661)

Leader: Pedro Gumapos

 Cause: Personal Ambitions
Leader: Pedro Almazan

Avemaria college
Cause:Found a New Religion Under Native Supervisi

Leader : Tapay
 Cause: Refusal to Give His Brother a Christian Burial

Leader: Francisco Dagohoy

Retaliator: Governor Mariano Ricafort

Cause:His Improsenment, Abusive Government Officials, Heavy

Avemaria college
Taxation

Leader: Diego Silang Retaliator:Don Manuel de Arza

Leader: Gabriela Silang Retaliator: Miguel Vicos

 Cause: Tribute, Spain’s Loss of Prestige Due
the British Occupation of Manila

Leader: Juan de la Cruz Palaris

Retaliator: Don Mariano de Arza

Avemaria college

Cause: Wine Monopoly 1786

 Cause: Abolition of the Liberal Spanish Constitution
Leader: Simon Tomas

Cause: Feeling of Distrust between the Peninsulares

Avemaria college
and Creoles

Leaders: Manuel Bayot

Jose Bayot
Joaquin Bayot
 Cause: Religious Freedom
Prominent: Apolinario de la Cruz A.K.A. Hermano Pule

Avemaria college
Cause: Invasion of Mindanao and Sulu,
Preservation of Islam and the love and
adventure arising from the spoils of wars.
 Factors that give rise to the Filipino
Nationalism:
1. Spread of liberalism.
2. Sentiments against principles.
3. Racial prejudice.
Avemaria college
4. Cultural changes.
5. Secularization controversy.
6. Cavite Mutiny of 1872.
 Aim: Peaceful Assimilation
Reforms:

1. Equality of the Spaniardsa nd Filipinos before the Laws

2. Restoration of the Philippine representation in the

Avemaria college
Spanish Cortes
3. Secularization of Philippine parishes and expulsion of
friars

4. Human rights for Filipinos

 Propaganda Movement

Leaders:
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Graciano Lopez Jaena
Jose Rizal
Pedro A. Paterno
Avemaria college Antonio Luna
Pedro Serrano Laktaw
Isabelo de los Reyes
Spanish Friends: 1. Juan Atayde

2. Professor Miguel Morayta

 La Solidaridadwas established by Graciano
Lopez Jaena on December 31, 1888 in
Barcelona.
La Liga Filipina was founded by Jose
Rizal on July 3,1892 at Doroteo
Ongjunco, Tondo, Manila.
Objectives: Unification of the whole archipelago into
one compact, vigotrous, and
Avemaria college homogeneous body

Defense against violence and injustice

Encouragement of instruction, agricultur and commerce

Study and implementation of reforms

 Kataastaasan Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng
mga Anak ng Bayan was formed on July 7, 1892 led
by Andres Bonifacio.

Avemaria college
-revolutionary society

- A government
• Sanguniang Bayan- province
• Sanguniang Balangay- town
 La Semilla

Gregoria de Jesus
Benita Rodriguez
Josefa Rizal
Trinidad Rizal
Avemaria college

Kalayaan
-newspaper of the Katipunan
 Teodoro Patiño
-betrayed by telling the secrecy to Father Mariano
Gil on August 19, 1896
Cry of Balintawak

“Long Live the Philippine! Long live the

Avemaria college Katipunan”

On, August 29, 1896,Melchora Aquino was

arrested
 Magdalo Council
- headed by Baldomero Aguinaldo

Avemaria college
Magdiwang Council
-headed by Mariano Alvarez
 Provincial Constitution of the Philippine
Republic aimed for separation of the
Philippines from Spanish Monarchy and
the formation of an independent state
Avemaria college
  BIYAK –NA-BATO

July 2 1897, President Aguinaldo issued a proclamation in

which the revolutionary demands were listed:
1. the expulsion of the friars and the return of the lands to the
Filipinos they appropriated themselves.
2. Representation in the Spanish Cortes
3. Freedom of the press and tolerance of all religious sects.
4. equal treatment and pay for civil servants.
5. Abolition of the power of the government to banish citizens
Avemaria college
6. Legal equality for all persons.

November 1,1897, the Biyak-na-Bato Constitution was signed and

promulgated.
  THE PACT OF BIYAK-NA-BATO
December 14 to December 15, 1897, the Pact of Biak-na-
Bato was signed. Consisting of three documents, it called
for the following agenda:
1. Program (first document):
1. The surrender of Aguinaldo and the rest of the
revolutionary corps.
2. Amnesty for those who participated in the revolution..
3. Exile to Hong Kong for the revolutionary leadership.
4. Payment by the Spanish government of $400,000 (Mexican
Avemaria college
peso) to the revolutionaries in three installments: $200,000
(Mexican peso) upon leaving the country, $100,000 (Mexican
peso) upon the surrender of at least 700 firearms, and another
$200,000 (Mexican peso) upon the declaration of general
amnesty
 2. “Act of Agreement”
reiterated the granting of general amnesty to the rebels
who would lay down their arms.

3. The third document contais “Contains the questions of

indemnity.
Primo de Revera would pay the additional sum of
P900,000 to the families of non-combatant Filipinos who
were caught in the cross fire and suffered injury during the
armed conflict.
Avemaria college

 FAILURE OF THE PACT OF BIYAK-NA-BATO

The failure of the Pact was that certain provisions
were not faithfully followed by both parties.
 The Spanish American War broke out on April
25,1898 and ended on August 12 of the same
year.
Reasons for Spanish American war
1. Cuban struggle for independence
Avemaria college of the Americans to extend influence
2. Efforts
overseas
3. Sinking of the U.S. warship Maine
  Commodore Dewey of America began the battle on May 1, 1898.

 On ay 21, Dewey urged the people to rise in arms and join the American in
a common struggle against the Spaniards.

 On May 24, 1898, Aguinaldo established a dictatorial government to

revoke the authority of Biak-na-Bato and unite the revolutionary forces.

Avemaria college
 Dewey squadron dominated the bay thus the Spaniards were trapped in
within the city walls. Aguinaldo’s men had cut of the supply and water
during the seige

 Dewey demanded the surrender of Manila on August 7 and consequently,

the Spanish governor honorably conceded.