4

Science
Quarter 4 – Week 1:
New Normal Science for G4

Science – Grade 4
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 1 – New Normal Math for G4
First Edition 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work
for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment
of royalties.
 Borrowed materials (i.e. songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: GERALD A. ROMANTICO

Editor: Rebecca M. Roxas, EPS, Science
Reviewers/Validators:
Illustrator: Gerald A. Romantico
Layout Artist: Gerald A. Romantico
Management Team: Malcolm S. Garma, Regional Director
Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief
Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS in Charge of LRMS and
Regional ADM Coordinator
Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V, Schools Division Superintendent
Aida H. Rondilla, Chief-CID
Lucky S. Carpio, Division EPS in Charge of LRMS and
Division ADM Coordinator
LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics
Science 4
Q4 WK 1
How to learn from this module?
This is your guide for the proper use of the module:
(S4ES-IVA-1)
1. Read the items in the module carefully.
L1 – SOIL: ITS TYPE AND
2. Follow the directions as you read the materials.

CHARACTERISTICS
3. Answer the questions that you encounter. As you go
 
through the module, you will find help to answer these
L2 – FACTORS AFFECTING
questions. Sometimes, the answers are found at the
end of the module for immediate feedback.
THE
4. To be GROWTH OF this module, you
successful in undertaking
must be patient and diligent in doing suggested tasks.
SELECTED PLANTS
5. Take your time to study and learn.
 

ENJOY LEARNING!

After you finished this

module, you must be able to:
 

Compare and contrast the

characteristics of different types
of soil.
 PRE-TEST

Directions. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which of these is made up of smallest particles of rocks which contain decayed matter of
plants and animals.
a. land b. soil c. mineral

2. Which type is characterized as having the finest particles that holds greater amount of
water?
a. loam b. clay c. sand

3. Which type of soil is better for planting?

a. loam b. clay c. sand

4.Which of the soil is good for making pots?

a. sand b. loam c. clay

5. In which layer of the soil do we usually find loam?

a. topsoil b. parent soil c. bedrock
 LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics

( COMMUNICATION- CONCEPT DEVT)

LESSON PREVIEW

SOIL

Soil, covers most of the land part of the earth. You find plants, animals, houses and
other organisms on the soil. We live on the soil and it helps us in many ways. Different types
of soil have different physical characteristics. Each soil type differs in color, texture, odor and
its ability to hold water. Some soils are good for planting while others are not

The presence of the different kinds of

vegetative plants in a place is an evidence of a
good quality of soil in the area or locality.
Sometimes a combination of soil is observed in
some areas of the country.

There are three different types of soil in

our environment, namely: clay, loam and sand.

Soil is a system into which energy and

matter from the sun, the atmosphere, and living
organisms penetrate and interact. It is a system
because it is composed of many different parts.
Each of the layer has a special function to perform.

There are four layers of the soil, namely: topsoil, sub-soil, parent rock and bedrock.

This module you’re reading, is about soil. Let us know more about
soil by reading and understanding this module. Plus! There are exciting
challenges you will be able to experience.
 LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics

READ AND STUDY

 We have here a Science teacher. He will help us to learn and explore about the
characteristics and types of the soil and the layers of the soil.

Hi kids. Welcome to the amazing world of soil.

I will share to you the interesting and informative facts
about soil.

Soil is something that is necessary for animals

and humans to survive. Learn what soil is, explore
different types of soils and the layers of the soil.

What is soil? Soils are complex mixtures of minerals,

water, air, organic matter, and countless organisms that are the
decaying remains of once-living things. It forms at the surface of
land – it is the “skin of the earth.” Soil is capable of supporting
plant life and is vital to life on earth.

And now, let’s welcome the three type of soil.

Hi kids, I’m Clay. I am made up of

very fine particles of rocks. My particles are
packed together tightly. I can hold much water
and become very sticky when wet and I have
the finest texture among all. I can be used in
making pots.

Clay soil might be familiar to some of you!

You've used it if you have ever made a project in art
class with this type of soil. Clay can be gray or red,
and it is soil where the particles, or tiny pieces, are
packed very tightly together. This causes clay to
hold water, because the water cannot pass through
the particles that are so closely packed. While this
may sound like it is not a problem, for plants clay is
 May I call in “Loam.”!

Hi kids, I’m Loam. I contain right

mixture of particles; silt, sand and clay. I can
hold enough water and oxygen, which are
needed for plant growth. I have large amount
of decaying plants and animals. I have a fine
texture.

Loam soils are best for plant growth

because sand, silt, and clay together provide
desirable characteristics. First, the different-sized
Hi kids, I’m Sand. I contain particles
particles leave spaces in the soil for air and water
that are coarser that those of clay and loam.
to flow and roots to penetrate. The roots feed on
I am loose and easy to dig. I am not good
the minerals in the suspended water.
for growing plants because I can’t hold
water well. Water easily passes through
between my particles. However, I allow air
to pass through between the particles.

If you have ever traveled to a beach, you have

already seen this type of soil. Sand is a soil type that is
made of small pieces of rocks and minerals. If you pick up
sand in your hand, you can pour it easily onto another
surface. This is because the small pieces that make up sand
are not close together, and they do not stick to one another
easily. Because of this, water drains right through sand.
That means it is not the best soil for growing plants. While
too much water will cause plants to rot, they also need
some water, or they will dry out.
 I hope you learned something about the
different types of soil.

But wait kids, there’s more!

The Layers of the soil.

The Layers of the soil. This lesson will

teach about the layers of soil. We will explore
deep down into the Earth's crust and find out how
these layers are formed and what happens in each
layer.

Let's pretend you're at a birthday party, and you get a

piece of cake. You might look at the side of the cake and see
layers. The bottom is a thick layer of cake with a middle layer of
frosting with some yummy crunchy candies and then another
whole layer of cake and a thick layer of frosting on top.
Yummy!
Soil layers are a lot like layers on a birthday cake. While
they might not taste as good, let's check them out.
 If you were to take a slice out of
Earth's crust, you would see
layers of soil. in what is called
a soil profile. The soil profile
can allow scientists to learn
information about soil such as if
Topsoil (A- Horizon) it is rich in nutrients or not.
Geologists are the scientists that
Subsoil (B- Horizon) study about soil.33333
There's a fancy word for
layers when we talk about soil,
and that word is horizons. The
Parent Rock (C- Horizon) layers are called horizons
because the soil forms in
horizontal layers.

BedRock (D- Horizon)

 The Topsoil (A- Horizon) is the uppermost layer
of the soil. This layer is rich with organic materials called
humus and with minerals needed for plant growth. Humus
comes from decaying plants and animals. The soil’s dark
color is an indication of the presence of humus. Several
kinds of plants can be seen growing on this layer.

The Subsoil (B- Horizon) is located just below the

topsoil. It is composed of loosely arranged rocks, sand, and
clay. This layer is very rich with minerals that drain from
topsoil. When the topsoil is washed out, the subsoil alone
cannot support plant life.

The Parent Rock (C- Horizon) is composed of

rocks that are slowly breaking apart. It is exposed to very
little weathering. It does not contain necessary nutrients and
water needed for plant growth.

The Bedrock (D- Horizon) is the lowest of the soil

layers. It is made up of undisturbed large boulders and
gravel. This layer contains materials good for construction
buildings and making roads. No plant life can survive in
this layer.

------------------------------------------------------

  RESEARCH

If you want to watch videos about soil visit this link:

Types of Soil: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csmmjPfQg9s
Layers of Soil: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=og9A_Apr534
 
LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics
 
 

  SKILLS CHECK!

Direction: Identify the following terms related to soil. Answer it by arranging the
jumbled letters.

1. I O L S - It covers most of the land part of the earth. ____________

2. M A L O - It can hold enough water and oxygen, which are needed for plant growth.
____________

3. Y A C L - It made up of very fine particles of rocks. ____________

4. O L S U S B I – It is located just below the topsoil. ____________

5. C D O K E R B - It contains materials good for construction buildings and making roads.

No plant life can survive in this layer. ____________

We can say that soil have different types and

have different physical characteristics. Each soil type
differs in color, texture, odor and its ability to hold
water.

And also soil has four layers.

LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics

( CRITICAL THINKING – ANALYSIS)

LET’S PRACTICE!

A. Triad Diagram: Direction: Write the differences and the similarities of three types of soil.

Clay
Write here the
characteristics of clay.
Loam

Write here Write here

the the
similarities similarities
of all types of all types
of soil. of soil.
Types of
Soil

Write here the Write here

Write here the
characteristics of sand. the characteristics of loam.
similarities
of all types
of soil.

Sand

REFLECT!

I learned that _________________________

___________________________________________
___________________________________________
__________________________________________
LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics

B. Soil Word Hunt.

Directions: Complete the statement on the box. Look and shade the missing words in the
puzzle below.

Soil is made up of distinct layers, called ___________. Each ___________ has its

own characteristics that make it different from all of the other layers. The layer of the soil
can easily be observed by their ___________, and ___________, of particles. The different
layers of soil are: ___________, ___________, ___________, and ___________.

LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics

. C. Let’s Do Together. (COLLABORATION- PARENT & CHILD)

Directions Follow the steps in doing the activity.

1. Collect three samples of soil in your area and place each on separate cups/container.
2. Label each cup with A, B, and C.

A B C
3.Collect three samples of soil in your area and place each on separate cups/container.
4. Place each sample on a separate bond paper.
5. Using a hand lens and popsicle stick, observe each sample.
6. Write your observations on a piece on paper using the table below.

Characteristics of Soil

Soil Color Texture Odor

Draw each of the soil particles below. (CREATIVITY)

Clay Loam Sand

Answer the following questions.

1. What common characteristics did you observe on your samples?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
 ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Do the samples have the same color, texture, and odor? Why do you think so?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. What do you think is the type of soil that you observed?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

4. Define soil in your own words.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics

The three different types of soil are:

1. Clay- The particles are packed together tightly. It is sticky
when wet and has the finest texture.
2. Loam- It is a mixture of sand and clay. It contains large
amount of decaying plants and animals. It has a fine texture.
3. Sand- The particles are coarse and loose.
 (CHARACTER BUILDING)
THINK ABOUT THIS!

There are seven general roles that soils play:

1. Soils serve as media for growth of all kinds of plants.

2. Soils modify the atmosphere by emitting and absorbing gases (carbon
dioxide, methane, water vapor, and the like) and dust.
3. Soils provide habitat for animals that live in the soil (such as
groundhogs and mice) to organisms (such as bacteria and fungi), that
account for most of the living things on Earth.
4. Soils absorb, hold, release, alter, and purify most of the water in
terrestrial systems.
5. Soils process recycled nutrients, including carbon, so that living things
can use them over and over again.
6. Soils serve as engineering media for construction of foundations,
roadbeds, dams and buildings, and preserve or destroy artifacts of
human endeavors.
7. Soils act as a living filter to clean water before it moves into an aquifer.

POST TEST

HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?

Direction: Read each question carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in other sheet.
 1. Which of these is made up of smallest particles of rocks which contain decayed matter
of plants and animals.
a. Land b. soil c. mineral

2. Which type is characterized as having the finest particles that holds greater amount of
water?
a. Loam b. clay c. sand

3. Which type of soil is best for planting?

a. Loam b. clay c. sand

4. What do you call the scientist that study about soil?

a. Meteorologist b. geologist c. penologist

5. Why is soil important to living things? Because it __________.

a. form part of the earth where animals live.
b. provide the necessary nutrients needed by plants.
c. serves as a place where people live.
d. All of the above.

6. How do each soil types differ?

a. Texture b. color c. A and B

7. How does decayed organism like plants and animals make the soil fertile? It
__________.
a. Change its color c. makes the texture finer
b. Enhances odor d. adds nutrients to the soil

8. In which layer of the soil is rich with organic materials called humus?
a. topsoil b. subsoil c. parent rock

9. In which layer of the soil is composed of rocks that are slowly breaking apart and
exposed to very little weathering?
a. topsoil b. subsoil c. parent rock

10. In which layer of the soil do we usually find loam?

a. Topsoil b. parent rock c. bedrock

LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics

KEY TO CORRECTION
 PRE TEST PRE TEST LET’S PRACTICE A

1. B 1. SOIL
2. B 2. LOAM
3. A 3. CLAY VARIED ANSWERS
4. C 4. SUBSOIL
5. A 5. BEDROCK

LET’S PRACTICE B LET’S PRACTICE C

Soil is made up of distinct layers, called

HORIZONS. Each LAYER has its own characteristics that
make it different from all of the other layers. The layer of the
VARIED ANSWERS soil can easily be observed by their TEXTURE, and
COLOR, of particles. The different layers of soil are:
TOPSOIL, SUBSOIL, PARENTROCK, and BEDROCK.

POST TEST

1. B 6. C
2. B 7. D
3. A 8. A
4. B 9. C
5. D 10.A

LESSON 1 Q4-W1. Soil: Its Type and Characteristics

REFERENCES

IMAGES
https://www.google.com/search?
q=TEACHER+TEACHES+CLIPARTS&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiukOqaqdPpAhUxzIsBHaj8AQAQ2cCegQIABAA&oq=TEACHER+T
EACHES+CLIPARTS&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoGCAAQBxAeULChBVjVqwVgy60FaABwAHgAgAFiAG6BpIBAzAuN5gBAKABAaoB
C2d3cy13aXotaW1n&sclient=img&ei=DvzNXq7RN7GYr7wPqPkH&bih=500&biw=1093&hl=en#imgrc=MoviAcLZeDlraM&imgdii=U3
aWEFqKn40BYM

https://www.google.com/search?
q=KIDS+PLAYING+SOIL+CLIP+ARTS&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjWvMTs6dHpAhVRzYsBHZC9COgQ_AUoA
XoECAwQAw&biw=1093&bih=500#imgrc=l13pneX0x4ZdsM

https://www.google.com/search?
q=thinking+kid+CLIP+ARTS&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjzgsft6dHpAhUSxIsBHcRNBrcQ2cCegQIABAA&oq=thinking+kid+CLIP+ART
S&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoGCAAQBxAeOggIABAIEAcQHjoCCABQ9PolWNW6JmD_vSZoB3AAeACAAd8BiAHJEZIBBjEwLjcuMpg
BAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1n&sclient=img&ei=aDPNXvOuMJKIr7wPxJuZuAs&bih=500&biw=1093#imgrc=JHkbI_6F_VE9jM

https://www.google.com/search?
q=cute+TEACHER+BOY+clipart&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiy9pr289HpAhUZzJQKHYYWCBwQ2cCegQIABAA&oq=cute+TEACHER
+BOY+clipart&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIGCAAQCBAeOgYIABAHEB46CAgAEAgQBxAeUJ2IAliGjQJgi48CaABwAHgBgAHXA4gB5w
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mgrc=2vgKHPOsFxY1XM

https://www.google.com/search?q=search+internet+clip+arts&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwilqpDa-NHpAhWTIqYKHUMUDk0Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=search+internet+clip+arts&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1Cca1jqcGDCc2gAcAB4AIABYIgBygOSAQE1mAEAoAEBqgELZ
3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=-
kLNXqXFI5PFmAXDqLjoBA&bih=500&biw=1093#imgrc=NqQNSxvaCWIoVM&imgdii=8Ff8dnbKYZ4adM

https://www.google.com/search?q=practice+kid+clip+arts&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiM9aWH_tHpAhUVJqYKHe2mCBUQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=practice+kid+clip+arts&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1DB-
R9YwoUgYJqLIGgAcAB4AIABrAGIAfUHkgEDMC44mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=l0jNXszNHZXMmAXtz
aKoAQ&bih=500&biw=1093#imgrc=TGyhLXT70pZKLM&imgdii=daKkSbpWAT9rgM

https://www.google.com/search?q=good+idea+kid+clip+arts&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjDwNKCgNLpAhVJA6YKHbQRDHIQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=good+idea+kid+clip+arts&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1Cx7gxYs_0MYO__DGgAcAB4AIABxAKIAYAMkgEHMS42LjEu
MZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1n&sclient=img&ei=pkrNXsPVJMmGmAW0o7CQBw&bih=500&biw=1093#imgrc=AyZ2nU-
YPj8FHM&imgdii=iwnOM1NJoYy2_M

https://www.google.com/search?
q=CONGRATULATIONS+kid+clip+arts&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjiy8fSodPpAhW7zYsBHVanCLQQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=CONGRATULATIONS+kid+clip+arts&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoICAAQCBAHEB5Q7q1lWNvEZWCDxmVoAHAAe
ACAAd8BiAG8EJIBBjAuMTQuMZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1n&sclient=img&ei=IPTNXuK7Erubr7wP1s6ioAs&bih=500&biw
=1093#imgrc=sF7dKMMgZR_KSM

https://www.google.com/search?q=book+CLIPARTS&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiq47LFqdPpAhVkI6YKHZQZB5cQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=book+CLIPARTS&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQQzICCAAyCAgAEAcQBRAeMggIABAHEAUQHjIGCAAQBR
AeMgYIABAIEB4yBggAEAgQHjoGCAAQBxAeOggIABAIEAcQHlCd1QlY0NoJYPrcCWgAcAB4AIABlgGIAccDkgEDMS4zmAEAo
AEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=aPzNXqqPC-
TGmAWUs5y4CQ&bih=500&biw=1093&hl=en#imgrc=S4dfzG6TPA1H1M

WEBSITES
https://www.soils4kids.org/about
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csmmjPfQg9s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=og9A_Apr534