ME 463- MACHINE

DESIGN 2
Instructor: Engr. Danielle D. Cabana, MEng
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Cebu Institute of Technology - University

Reference:
Design of Machine Elements 4th Edition by Virgil Moring
Faires
MODULE 2:
V-BELT
DRIVES
V-BELT DRIVES
We have already discussed that a V-belt is mostly used in
factories and workshops where a great amount of power is to
be transmitted from one pulley to another when the two
pulleys are very near to each other.

Cross-section of a V-belt
Cross-section of a V-grooved pulley
Types of
V-Belt
Standard
sizes of V-
belt
V-BELT
 Nomenclature for V-belt drive
𝐷1 - diameter of the smaller pulley 𝐹1 - tight side tension
𝐷2 - diameter of the larger pulley 𝐹2 - slack side tension
𝑁1 - speed of the smaller pulley 𝐹𝐶 - centrifugal tension
𝑁2 - speed of the larger pulley 𝑣- belt speed
𝐿- length of the belt 𝑚- mass of belt per length
𝐶- center distance of the two pulley 𝑆𝑤 - working stress of belt
𝜃- angle of contact/ angle of lap/ angle of wrap 𝑏- width of the v belt
2𝛽 - angle of groove 𝑡- thickness of the v belt
𝑓- coefficient of friction
Design Calculation of V-belt
Ratio of Driving Tensions for V-belt
𝐹1
= 𝑒 𝑓𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝛽
𝐹2
Total length of V-Belt
𝜋 𝐷2 − 𝐷1 2
𝐿 = 𝐷1 + 𝐷2 + 2𝐶 +
2 4𝐶
standard sizes of length of belt are found in table 17.3 of
Faires
Angle of contact/lap/wrap of an open drive
−1
𝑟1 − 𝑟2 𝜋
𝜃 = 180 ± 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 , 𝑟𝑎𝑑
𝐶 180
Design Calculation of V-belt
Center Distance
𝐵 + 𝐵2 − 32 𝐷2 − 𝐷1 2
𝐶=
16
𝐵 = 4𝐿 − 6.2 𝐷2 + 𝐷1
If the smaller sheave is assumed and the velocity ratio is
known, choose a minimum center distance
𝐷2 + 𝐷1
𝐶= + 𝐷1 𝑜𝑟 𝐶 = 𝐷2 , 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟
2
Design Calculation V-belt
Number of V-belts

𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
= , (𝐹𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑠)
𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
Design Calculation
V-belt
Service Factor, 𝑵𝒔𝒇
- is a consequence of engineering
experiences and judgements.
- As stated above the table: “Add 0.2 to
the values given for each of the following
conditions: continuous (over 16hr/day)
service; wet environment; idler in drive;
speed-up drives. Subtract 0.2 if the
operation is quite intermittent or
seasonal. These factors rep-resent
compromises of those found in the
literature.”
Design
Calculation
V-belt

Belt Section from

horsepower and speed of
the pulley
Figure 17.14, Faires
Design Calculation
V-belt
Standard V-Belt lengths and
Horsepower constants
Table 17.3, Faires
Rated horsepower
3 0.09 2
10 𝑐 𝑣𝑚 𝑣𝑚
= 𝑎 − −𝑒 6
𝑣𝑚 𝐾𝑑 𝐷1 10 103
Adjusted Rated horsepower
= 𝐾𝜃 𝐾𝐿 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 ℎ𝑝
Design Calculation
V-belt

Small-diameter factors, 𝑲𝒅
Table 17.4, Faires

Arc-of-contact factors, 𝑲𝜽
Table 17.5, Faires
Design Calculation V-belt

Length Correction Factors, 𝑲𝑳

Table 17. 6, Faires
Example:
A centrifugal pump, running at 340 rpm, consuming 105 hp in
24-hr service, is to be driven by a 125-hp, 1180-rpm, AC split
motor; C = 43 to 49 in. Determine the details of a multiple V-belt
drive for this installation. The B.F. Goodrich Company
recommended six C195 V-belts with 14.4-in. and 50-in. sheaves;
C » 46 in .
Continuation
Example:
Two shafts whose centres are 1 metre apart are connected by a
V-belt drive. The driving pulley is supplied with 95 kW power
and has an effective diameter of 300 mm. It runs at 1000 r.p.m.
while the driven pulley runs at 375 r.p.m. The angle of groove
on the pulleys is 40°. Permissible tension in 400 mm2 cross-
sectional area belt is 2.1 MPa. The material of the belt has
density of 1100 kg / m3. The driven pulley is overhung, the
distance of the centre from the nearest bearing being 200 mm.
The coefficient of friction between belt and pulley rim is 0.28.
Estimate: 1. The number of belts required ; and 2. Diameter of
driven pulley shaft, if permissible shear stress is 42 MPa.
Continuation
EXERCISE 2: V-BELT DRIVE
What to submit:
1. Written solution on a long bond paper.
2. Take a photo of your solution.
3. Please prepare for a class discussion on the solution of your
exercise. Note that I will call any of you for discussion.
Understand carefully the solution.
A rotating slurry pump is to be driven by a 50hp, 2400 rpm
diesel engine and operating under moderate shock load. The
pump will operate at 800 rpm. The recommended small sheave
diameter is 6 inches. Calculate the following:
a) The large sheave diameter
b) The minimum type of V-belt to recommend.
c) Minimum recommended length of belt.
d) Actual center distance
e) Number of v-belts