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Window glass
Containers – cups, jars, bottles
Light bulbs
Laboratory glassware – flasks, beakers,
glass tubing
Glass fibers – insulation, fiber optics
Optical glasses - lenses
Glass-Ceramics
A ceramic material produced by
conversion of glass into a polycrystalline
structure through heat treatment
Proportion of crystalline phase range = 90%
to 98%, remainder vitreous material
Grain size significantly smaller than
conventional ceramics, which makes
glass-ceramics much stronger than the
glasses from which they’re made
Due to crystal structure, glass-ceramics are
opaque (usually grey or white), not clear
Advantages of
Glass-Ceramics
Efficiency of processing in the glassy
state
Close dimensional control over final
shape
Good mechanical and physical properties
High strength (stronger than glass)
Absence of porosity; low thermal expansion
High resistance to thermal shock
Applications of Glass-Ceramics
Carbon fiber
www.prezi.com
http://www.adherent-
tech.com/recycling_technologies
Why Composites are Important
Composites can be very strong and stiff,
yet very light in weight
Strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight
ratios are several times greater than steel or
aluminum
Fatigue properties are generally better
than for common engineering metals
Toughness is often greater
Possible to achieve combinations of
properties not attainable with metals,
ceramics, or polymers alone
Disadvantages and
Limitations
Properties of many important composites are
anisotropic
May be an advantage or a disadvantage
Many polymer-based composites are subject to
attack by chemicals or solvents
Just as the polymers themselves are
susceptible
Composite materials are generally expensive
Manufacturing methods for shaping composite
materials are often slow and costly
Components in a Composite Material