Metrology and Quality Assurance Lab

Topic: Length, angle and diameter measurement by Profile

Projector

Student Name: Ali Raza

Roll no: 18-MCE-18

Semester: 6th

Supervisor: Dr. Muhammad Arif

Department of Mechanical Engineering

NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer
Research, Faisalabad
 Profile Projector
THEORY
Profile Projector:
Profile Projector is a metrological machine used for the assessment of parts that have been
manufactured with the help of optical principles. In this machine the, the dark projection of
the manufactured part has been thrown to the screen with the specific dimensions and
geometry of the part that is being observed. It is basically used for the quality inspection
areas in different fields like some machine shops and in the production area of some industry.

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Figure 1: Profile Projector
Working Principle of Profile Projector:
In the basic procedure, it magnifies the image of the object to be examined and show us the
picture of magnified length on the screen of the projector. It usually has grid that shows us
360 degrees value to adjust it according the side of the of the object image and make clear
alignments in it. In order to measure different measurements on the specimen, the magnified
image of the object helps a lot for the relatively small edges of the specimen. And is
accompanied by the grid to measure the exact value of the edge. By this procedure there are
very low chances of error to be occur in first place because of the precision instrument that is
being used.
In general, diascope illumination method is being used because its working principle is to
reflect the light from the behind of the object. And in addition, epi-scope illumination method
is also used in which reflection occurs from the above.
 Figure 2: Working Path of the Profile Projector

Methods of Projection by Profile Projector:

The following are the main parts of CMM:
Horizontal Projection Method
In order to make the projections for heavy and complex objects, these horizontal projectors
are being used. And is suitable in the case that their horizontal positioning made the
illumination easy and also the main axis in this case is perpendicular to the plane of the
screen.
Vertical Projection Method
These profile projectors are basically used for the flat and non-curved objects projection and
are suitable for these objects in terms that their plane of screen is parallel to the main axis of
the projector.
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PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS:
The following are some of the practical applications of the Profile Projectors:
 The profile projectors are widely used in aerospace industry and aviation.
 They are used in inspection of manufacturing of the clocks and wrist watches.
 They are used in inspection of many machinery parts like shafts, gears, cam and followers.
 They are also used in electronics equipment.
 They are used in research institutes for the research purposes.
 They are also used in the instrumentation industry.

PROCEDURE:
The following are the steps to follow during use of Profile Projectors:
 First of all, clean the object properly and place it on the machine.
 Now in order to start the procedure, turn on the illumination light.
 If the image is not clear on the screen, wait for its focus or adjust it until the image on the
screen gets totally focused.
 Now in order to get the required measurements of the specimen, the screen and the table
moved simultaneously and from this mechanism we get our desired result of the given object.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
The following are some of the precautionary measures taken during experimentation.
 Do not stand right in front of the projector as the light that is being illuminated can damage
your eye sight.
 The environment surrounding the projector should be clean and no hindrance should be there
while taking the measurements.
 The projector should be at a stable place, there should be no steepness or zig zag surface at
which it is placed.
 Avoid using liquid material or sprays near the projector.
 Avoid placing the machine near hot objects and water.
 If the projector is in a tilted position, do not use it to measure the dimensions.
OBSERVATIONS:
It is observed that it magnifies the image of the object to be examined and show us the picture
of magnified length on the screen of the projector. It usually has grid that shows us 360
degrees value to adjust it according the side of the of the object image and make clear
alignments in it. And are used to measure the respective dimension and geometry of the given
object.

ERRORS & RESULTS:

Following are the errors which are to be checked before using Profile Projectors:
The errors may occur due to different reasons as the readings that can be taken of the same
object by different persons can be different. And there is a large chance of uncertainty in the
readings of the specimen obtained and that’s why some professional should take the
dimension/ readings of the object. In addition, even with the professional there is a chance of
human error.

COMMENTS:
Profile Projectors are used in a wide range of industry in many ways to measure the
dimensions of the specimen. Accessible with various highlights and choices to suit numerous
applications, projectors can be utilized all through a manufacturing plant, including
approaching examination regions, machine shops, get together and creation floors, and last
investigation zones. Their flexibility, scope of capacities and rate of investment make
projectors fundamental and necessary to any quality arrangement.