Professional Documents
Culture Documents
a) The volume flow rate or capacity (Q) of a fan is directly proportional to the fan speed (N) and cube
of the impeller (D).
Q ∞ N ∞ D3
Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2
= and 3 = 3
N1 N2 ( D1 ) ( D2 )
It also be written as
Q1 Q2
3 = = constant
N 1 ( D1 ) N 2 ( D 2 )3
b) The total pressure developed by a fan ( PTF 1) is directly proportional to the square of the fan speed (
N 2), square of the impeller diameter ( D2), density of the air ( Pa).
PTF 1∞ N 2 ∞ D2 ∞ Pa
It also be written as
PTF 1 PTF 2
2 2 = 2
2 = constant
( N 1 ) ( D 1 ) P a 1 ( N 2 ) ( D 2) P a 2
It also applicable for fan static pressure ( PSF ) and fan velocity pressure ( PVF ). H is total head
developed. The total pressure developed by the fan,
PTF = Pa H
Pa 1 H 1 Pa 2 H 2
2 2 = 2 2
( N 1 ) ( D 1) Pa 1 ( N 2 ) ( D 2) P a 2
Or
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
H1 H2
2 2 = 2 2 = constant
( N 1 ) ( D 1) ( N 2 ) ( D 2)
c) The power (P) of a fan is directly proportional to the cube of the fan speed ( N 3), fifth power of the
impeller diameter ( D 5) and density of the air ( Pa).
P 1∞ N 3 ∞ D 5 ∞ P a
P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2
3 = 3 and 5 = 5 also =
( N1) ( N2) ( D1 ) ( D2 ) Pa1 Pa2
Or
P1 P2
3 5 = 3 5 = constant
( N 1 ) ( D 1) Pa 1 ( N 2 ) ( D2 ) Pa 2
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
Question 1
A fan delivered 9000 litres/s of standard air at a pressure of 700 pa at a fan speed of 450 rpm and a
power input of 13 Kw. If the flow rate is increased to 13 000 l/s by increasing the rotation speed,
calculate
a) The speed
b) Input power
c) Static pressure
Answer 1
a) The speed
Using formula
Q1 Q2 b) Input power
=
N 1 N2
Using formula
Where P1 P2
3 = 3
Q 1 = air volume 1 ( N1) ( N2)
Q 2 = air volume 2
N = fan speed P1 N1 3
=⌈ ⌉
P2 N2
9000 450
=
13000 N 2 3
450
9 N 2 = 5850
P 2= [ ] 650
13
= 39 KW
5850
N2 =
9
= 650 rpm
c) Static pressure
Using formula
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
2 2
P TF1 N 1 700 450
=
P TF2 N 2 [ ] = [ ]
P TF2 650
= 1460 pa
Question 2
A fan of diameter 0.7 m running at 1500 rpm delivered 140 m 3 /min of air at 15°C against 75 mm of
water of total pressure when its total efficiency is 86%. Determine the volume of air delivered, total
pressure developed and power consumed, if
a) The air temperature is 60°C,
b) The air temperature is 60°C and the fan speed is increased to 1800 rpm
c) The air temperature is 60°C , the fan speed is increased to 1800 rpm and 0.6 m diameter similar fan
is used.
Answer 2
RATIO 1: ????
273+t 1
Pa 2 = Pa 1
( 273+t 2 )
Pa1 273+t 2
Pa2
= ( 273+t 1 )
=( 273+50
273+15 )
Pa 2 = 1.12
Pa 1 =1
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
Answer 2 (a)
formula
Q1 Q2
3
=
N 1 ( D1 ) N 2 ( D 2) 3
Q2 = Q1
= 140 m 3 /min
formula
P TF1 P a P P TF
= @ TF1 =1 2
P TF2 P a Pa 1 2
Pa 2
Pa
PTF 2 = PTF 1 x 2
Pa 1
1.12
= 75 x
1
= 84 mm of water x 9.81
= 824 pa
1
P2 = Q 2 x PTF2 x
ᶙ
1
= 140 x 824 x
0.86
= 134139 m 3 /min
= 134139/ 60
= 2235.65 W
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
Answer 2 (b)
Using formula
Q3 Q2
=
N3 N2
N3
Q3 = Q2 x
N2
1700
= 140 x
1500
= 158.7 m 3 /min
( N 2 = N 1)
ii. Total pressure developed ( PTF 3)
Using formula
PTF 3 PTF 2
2 = 2
( N3) ( N2)
2
N3
PTF 3 = PTF 2
( )
N2
2
1700
= 824 ( 1500 )
= 1058 pa
Using formula
P3 P2
3 = 3
( N3) ( N2)
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
3
N3
P3 = P2 ( )
N2
3
1700
= 2235.65 ( 1500 )
= 3254 W
Answer 2 (c)
Using formula
Q4 Q3
3 = 3
( D4 ) ( D3 )
3
D
Q4 = Q3 4
D3 ( )
3
0.6
= 158.7 ( )
0.7
= 99.94 m 3 /min
PTF 4 PTF 3
2 = 2
( D4 ) ( D3 )
2
D4
PTF 4 = PTF 3
( ) D3
2
0.6
= 1058 ( ) 0.7
= 777 pa
P4 P3
5 = 5
( D4 ) ( D3 )
5
D4
P4 = P 3
( ) D3
5
0.6
= 3254 ( ) 0.7
= 1505.5 W
Question 3
A fan for the ventilation plant is to be exported to an area where the air density is 0.96 kg/ m 3 and is
scheduled to deliver 6 m 3 /s against a static pressure of 50 mm of water with a static efficiency of 65%. If
it is driven by a constant speed motor, calculate the static pressure and shaft power in the maker’s work
where the air density is 1.2 kg/m 3.
Answer 3
a) Static pressure ( Ps )
Formula
P TF PTF
1 2
=
P a 1 Pa 2
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
Pa2
PTF = PTF x
2 1
Pa1
1.2
= 50 x
0.96
= 62.5 x 9.81
= 613 N /m 2
b) Shaft power
The speed (N) and diameter of impeller (D) is constant, therefore from the relation
Q1 Q2
3
=
N 1 ( D1 ) N 2 ( D 2) 3
We get,
Q 1 = Q 2 = 6 m 3 /s
Pw s = Q x PTF 2
= 6 x 613
= 3678 pa @ W ( 1 pa @ N-m/s =1 w)
Shaft power
3678
=
0.65
= 5660 w @ 5.66 Kw
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
Question 4
A Fan-duct system is designed so that when the air temperature is 20°C, the mass flow rate is 25,000
kg/hr when the fan speed is 800 rpm and the fan motor requires 8 kW. A new set of requirement is
imposed on the system: the operating air temperature is changed to 50°C, and the fan speed is
increased so that the same mass flow of air prevails. Calculate the revised fan speed and power
requirements.
Answer 4
Pa P1
1
@
Pa 2
P2
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
273+t 1
Pa 2 = Pa 1
( 273+t 2 )
Pa1 273+t 2
Pa2
= ( 273+t 1 )
= ( 273+50
273+20 )
Pa 2 = 1.10
Pa 1 =1
N 1 N2
=
P a 1 Pa 2
1.1
= 800 x
1
= 880 rpm
P1 P2 8 P2
3 = 3 3 =
( N1) ( N 2 ) ( 800 ) ( 880 )3
880 3 P
8 ( )
800
= 2
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
10.65 kw = P2
Other way
P1 P2 8 P2
3 = 3 3 =
( Pa 1 ) ( Pa 1 ) ( 800 ) ( 880 )3
1.1 3 P
8 ( )
1
= 2
10.65 kw = P2
Question 5
A centrifugal fan with wheel diameter of 925 mm and an outlet area of 0.77 m 2 runs at 700 rpm
consuming 5.2 hp and gives a volume rate of 4.25 m 2 / s with a total pressure rise of 71.1 mm of a water.
The temperature of air is 0°C and the pressure is 1.01325 bar.
ii) If air temperature increased to 35°C and barometric pressure is 85 kpa, calculate
a) Fan total pressure
b) Fan power requirement
iii) Estimate the total pressure capacity and power requirement when the speed is increased to 1000
rpm.
Answer 5 (i)
a) Fan power
Using formula
Qv ( ∆ P )
Wheres
Q v = volume rate
= 4.25 (697.5)
= 2.964 Kw
b) Fan efficiency
Formula
fan power
sharp power
2.964
= 3.879
= 76.4%
Answer 5 (ii)
a) Fan total pressure (FTP)
273+T 1 P2
FTP = ∆P ( 273+T 2 )( )
P1
273+0 85
= 697.5 ( 273+35 )( 101.325 )
DCB40153 – AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY /NBS JUN 2021
= 517.8 pa
273+T 1 P2
FRP = fan power
( 273+T 2 )( )
P1
273+0 85
= 2.964 ( 273+35 )( 101.325 )
= 2.204 kW
Answer 5 (iii)
Qv 1 Qv 2
=
N1 N2
N2
Qv 2 = QV 1 ( )
N1
1000
= 4.25
700
= 6.07 m3 /s
3
N2
w2 = w1
( )N1
3
1000
= 5.2 hp ( 700 )
= 15.16 hp