CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE

Atharva Aggrawal
1. Who proposed the theory that "Cells arise
only from the pre-existing cells"?
(a) Mohl
(b) Virchow
(c) Haeckel
(d) Brown
2. An organalle devoid of membrane covering is
(a) vacuole
(b) ribosome
(c) peroxisome
(d) lysosome
3. Difference between the prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells in having
(a) cell wall
(b) nuclear membrane
(c) ribosome
(d) none of these
4. Membranous extensions in blue green algae are
known as
(a) phytochrome
(b) chromatophore
(c) mesosome
(d) pneumatophore
5. Extension of plasma membrane in prokaryotic
cell is
(a) mesosome
(b) haploid
(c) ribosome
(d) none of these
6. Polysome is a chain of
(a) oxysomes (b) sphaerosomes
(c) ribosomes (d) dictyosomes
7. Integral proteins of cell membrane occur on/in
(a) inner surfaces
(b) outer surfaces
(c) phospholipid matrix
(d) inner and outer surfaces
8. Active transport across biomembrane involves
(a) production of ATP
(b) requirement of energy
(c) production of toxin
(d) release of energy
9. The membrane of the erythrocytes has
approximately ___% of proteins and ___% lipids.
(a) 42, 50 (b) 52, 40
(c) 50, 50 (d) 60, 40
10. The lipid component of the membrane mainly
consists of __________.
(a) polysaccharides
(b) phosphoglyceride
(c) monosaccharaides
(d) both (a) and (c)
11. The best material for study of structure of cell
membrane is
(a) RBC of human
(b) RBC of frog
(c) cheek cell of human
(d) liver cell of rat
12. In which of the following the cells are held
together by a Ca-pectate layer?
(a) Primary cell wall
(b) Secondary cell wall
(c) Middle lamella
(d) Tertiary cell wall
13. Which one of the following structures between
two adjacent cells is an effective transport pathway?
(a) Plasmodesmata
(b) Plastoquinones
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Plasmalemma
14. Which of the following will determines the shape
of the cells and provides a strong structural support
to prevent the bacterium from bursting or collapsing?
(a) Plasmids
(b) Cell wall
(c) Mesosome
(d) Cell membrane
15. Which one of the following is not considered as
part of the endomembrane system?
(a) Golgi complex
(b) Peroxisome
(c) Vacuole
(d) Lysosome
16. Function of RER is
(a) autolysis
(b) protein synthesis
(c) lipid synthesis
d) carbohydrate synthesis
17. Which of the following cell organelles were
discovered after the introduction of electron
microscope?
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Ribosomes
(d) Both (b) and (c)
18. _______________ is the important site of
formation of glycoproteins and golycolipids.
(a) SER
(b) Lysosome
(c) Golgi apparatus
(d) Mitochondria
19. Golgi apparatus is concerned with
(a) excretion
(b) secretion
(c) ATP synthesis
(d) RNA synthesis
20. Lysosomes contain
(a) carbohydrates
(b) hormones
(c) nucleic acids
(d) hydrolases.
21. Function of contractile vacuole in
Amoeba is
(a) excretion and osmoregulation.
(b) digestion and respiration.
(c) osmoregulation and transportation.
(d) none of the above.
22. Both the membranes of mitochondrion are
(a) structurally different but functionally similar.
(b) structurally as well as functionally different.
(c) structurally similar but functionally different.
(d) structurally different but functionally similar.
23. Plastids are found in
(a) all animal cells.
(b) some animal cells.
(c) all plant cells.
(d) all plant cells and euglenoides.
24. Plastids storing fat are called
(a) Elaioplasts (b) Sphaerosomes
(c) Aleuroplasts (d) Pyrenoids
25. Grana are
(a) protein storing plastids.
(b) coloured plastids.
(c) stacks of thylakoids.
(d) individual thylakoids present in stroma.
26. A component of cytoskeleton is
(a) microtubule
(b) bone
(c) chitin
(d) cartilage.
27. The cytoskeleton is a proteinaceous network of
fibres in the cytoplasm. It is involved in
(a) mechanical support.
(b) motility.
(c) maintenace of cell-shape.
(d) all of these
28. Axoneme with 9 + 2 microtubular
arrangement occurs in
(a) cilia
(b) flagella
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) centriole
29. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella differ in the
(a) type of movement and placement.
(b) location and mode of functioning.
(c) microtubular structure and function.
(d) microtubular organization and type of movement.
30. Basal bodies are associated with the formation of
(a) phragmoplast
(b) cilia and flagella
(c) cell plate
(d) kinetochore
31. Centrioles and centrosomes occur in the cells of
(a) green plants
(b) animals
(c) bacteria and cyanobacteria
(d) both (b) and (c)
32. Nucleolus is
(a) rounded structure found in cytoplasm near nucleus.
(b) rounded structure inside nucleus and having rRNA.
(c) rod-shaped structure in cytoplasm near the nucleus.
(d) none of the above.
33. Satellite means
(a) terminal part of the chromosome beyond secondary
constriction.
(b) terminal part of the chromosome beyond primary
constriction.
(c) terminal part of chromosome beyond tertiary
constriction.
(d) none of the above
34. Chromosomes having equal or almost equal arms
are called
(a) metacentric
(b) acrocentric
(c) polycentric
(d) acentric.
35. Which of the following statement is correct
regarding vacuole?
(a) It is membrane-bound and contains storage
proteins and lipids.
(b) It is membrane-bound and contains water and
excretory substances.
(c) It lacks membrane and contains air.
(d) It lacks membrane and contains water and
excretory substances.
36. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct
option.
Column-I Column-II
A. Tonoplast I. Contain digestive enzyme
B. Contractile vacuole II. Store metabolic gases
C. Food vacuole III. Excretion
D. Air vacuole IV. Transport of ions in plants
(a) A – IV; B – III; C – I; D – II
(b) A – II; B – III; C – IV; D – I
(c) A – IV; B – II; C – III; D – I
(d) A – I; B – III; C – II; D – IV
37. Match column-I with column-II and choose the
correct option.
Column-I Column-II
(Chromosome) (Position of Centromere)
A. Metacentric I. At the tip
B. Submetacentric II. Almost near the tip
C. Acrocentric III. At the middle
D. Telocentric IV. Slightly away from the middle
(a) A – III; B – IV; C – II; D – I
(b) A – IV; B – III; C – II; D – I
(c) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV
(d) A – IV; B – III; C – I ; D – II
38. Match the items given in column-I with their role
given in column-II and choose the correct option.
Column-I Column-II
A. SER I. Increase the surface area
B. Golgi apparatus II. Store oils or fats
C. Cristae III. Excretion
D. Peroxisome IV. Photorespiration
E. Elaioplasts V. Synthesis of lipid
(a) A – V; B – III; C – I; D – IV; E – II
(b) A – V; B – III; C – II; D – IV; E – I
(c) A – II; B – III; C – I; D – IV; E – V
(d) A – III; B – IV; C – I; D – V; E – II
39. Match column I (cell type) with column II (size)
and choose the correct option.
Column-I Column-II
(Cell type) (Size)
A. Viruses I. 1-2 mm
B. PPLO II. 10-20 mm
C. Eukaryotic cell III. About 0.1 mm
D. Bacterium IV. 0.02 - 0.2 mm
(a) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV
(b) A – IV; B – III; C – II; D – I
(c) A – I; B – III; C – II; D – IV
(d) A – IV; B – II; C – III; D – I
40. Match column-I (cell organelle) with column-II
membrane and select the correct option from the
codes given below.
Column-I Column-II
A. Mitochondria I. Without membrane
B. Lysosomes II. Single membrane
C. Ribosomes III. Double membrane
(a) A – I; B – II; C – III
(b) A – III; B – I; C – II
(c) A – III; B – II; C – I
(d) A – II; B – III; C – I
41. Match column-I with column-II and select the
correct option.
Column - I Column - II
A. Golgi apparatus I. Storage
B. Mitochondria II. Photosynthesis
C. Vacuoles III. Transport
D. Grana IV. Secretion
V. Respiration
(a) A – IV; B – V; C – I: D – II
(b) A – I; B – II; C – IV: D – III
(c) A – IV; B – I; C – II: D – III
(d) A – I; B – II; C – III: D – IV
42. The given diagram shows the types of chromosomes (labelled as A, B, C & D)
based on the position of centromere. Which one is the correct option for the
labelled chromosomes. A, B, C and D ?

(a) A – Telocentric chromosome, B – Acrocentric

chromosome, C – Submetacentric chromosome,
D – Metacentric chromosome
(b) A – Acrocentric chromosome, B – Telocentric
chromosome, C – Metacentric chromosome,
D – Submetacentric chromosome
(c) A – Submetacentric chromosome, B – Metacentric
chromosome, C – Telocentric chromosome,
D – Acrocentric chromosome
(d) A – Metacentric chromosome, B – Submetacentric
chromosome, C– Acrocentric chromosome,
D – Telocentric chromosome.
43. Which of the following option correctly match A, B, C,
and D indicated in the given sectional view of chloroplasts.

(a) A - Thylakoid, B-Stromal lamella, C - Stroma,

D - Granum
(b) A - Granum, B - Thylakoid, C - Stromal lamella,
D - Stroma
(c) A - Thylakoid, B - Granum, C - Stromal lamella,
D - Stroma
(d) A - Granum, B - Thylakoid, C - Stroma, D - Stromal
lamella
44. Identify the cell organelle given below. Which is an
important site of formation of glycoproteins & glycolipids?

(a) Rough endoplasmic reticulum

(b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Golgi body
(d) Mitochondria
45. The following diagram represents a structure
chromosome. Identify the structures marked as A, B and C.

(a) A - Satellite, B - Primary constriction, C - Acrocentric

(b) A - Satellite, B - Secondary constriction, C - Metacentric
(c) A - Satellite, B - Centromere, C - Telocentric
(d) A - Satellite, B - Centromere, C - Submetacentric
 46. In the given figure of animal cell, one organelle is
marked as A. Select the correct identification and
function of the organelle ‘A’ from the given option.

(a) Endoplasmic reticulum– Synthesis of lipids.

(b) Mitochondria– Produce cellular energy in the form of ATP.
(c) Golgi body– Provides packaging material.
(d) Lysosomes– Secrete hydrolytic enzymes.
47. The given figures show two types of cell. Which
structures are common to both the cells?

(a) Nucleus and cell wall

(b) Nucleus and cytoplasm
(c) Ribosomes and flagella
(d) Ribosomes and cell wall
Refer the given figure of animal cell with few structure marked as W, X, Y and Z. On
the basis of this figure answer the following questions.

48. Which cellular structure helps in transferring genetic

information from one generation to another?
(a) W (b) X
(c) Y (d) Z
49. Which function is carried out by the cell organelle
'X'?
(a) helps control the movement of substance in and out
of the cell
(b) passes information from the parent cell to newly
formed cell
(c) maintains the proper shape of the cell and serves as
a protective barrier
(d) helps the cell to make food with the help of
chlorophyll and sunlight
50. Microtubules are absent in
(a) mitochondria
(b) centriole
(c) flagella
(d) spindle fibres
51. Golgi apparatus is absent in
(a) higher plants
(b) yeast
(c) bacteria and blue-green algae
(d) None of the above
52. Most of water, in mature plant cells
occurs in
(a) nucleus
(b) cell wall
(c) vacuoles
(d) cytoplasm
53. Which of the following lacks cell wall?
(a) Gametes
(b) Amoeba
(c) Mycoplasma
(d) All of these
54. What would happen if lysosomes get ruptured in
a cell?
(a) Cell dies
(b) Cell shrinks
(c) Cell swell up
(d) Nothing would happen
55. Cell sap is a
(a) living content of cytoplasm.
(b) nonliving content of cytoplasm.
(c) nonliving content of vacuole.
(d) living content of vacuole
56. Detoxification site in liver is
(1) Free ribosomes
(2) Golgi complex
(3) SER
(4) RER
57. Membrane system considered to be extension of
infolded plasma membrane is
(1) Golgi complex
(2) Plastids
(3) Mitochondria
(4) Endoplasmic reticulum
58. Organelle involved in transformation of cell
membranes is
(1) Endoplasmic reticulum
(2) Lysosome
(3) Golgisome
(4) Mesosome
59. Sedimentation coefficient in case of ribosomes of
plastids is
(1) 70 S (2) 80 S
(3) 50 S (4) 10 S
60. Which of the following statements is correct?
(1) Mitochondria contain circular DNA, but chloroplasts
lack it
(2) Chloroplasts contain circular DNA, but mitochondria
lack it
(3) Neither mitochondria nor chloroplast contain any DNA
(4) Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular
DNA
61. The arrangement of outer and the central
microtubules in a culium of eukaryotes is called
(1) 9 + 2 pattern (2) 8 + 2 pattern
(3) 9 + 1 pattern (4) 8 + 1 pattern
62. Microtubules help in
(1) Cilia, flagella, centrioles, spindle apparatus
formation
(2) Chromosomal fibres, nerve processes, sperm
tail formation
(3) Cell motility and cell shape, intracellular
(4) All the above are correct
63. In germinating oil seeds b-oxidation of free fatty
acids takes place in
(1) Glyoxysomes (2) Cytosol
(3) Mitochondria (4) Sphaerosomes
64. Aleurone grains store
(1) Starch
(2) Fat
(3) Protein
(4) All of these
65. The dictyosomes play a major role
(1) as energy transducing organelles
(2) in digesting proteins and carbohydrates
(3) in converting light energy into chemical energy
(4) in glycosidation of lipids and proteins to
produce glycolipids and glycoproteins
66. Latest model that is proposed to explain the
structure of plasma membrane is
(1) Molecular model
(2) Unit membrane model
(3) Fluid mosaic model
(4) None of these
67. Membrane surrounding vacuole in cell is
(1) Tonoplast
(2) Desmosome
(3) Plasma membrane
(4) Plasmodesmata
68. Which of the following statements best
describes the functional characteristics of
lysosomes?
(1) They function only within the interacellular
compartment
(2) They contain enzymes that lack
macromolecular specificity
(3) They function at alkaline pH
(4) Some cytosolic proteins contain signals directing
them to lysosomes
69. Match the following
(i) Microtubules-structural components of cilia
(ii) Centrioles-store hydrolases
(iii) Peroxisomes-store carbohydrates, fats and
proteins in plants
(1) (i) correct, (ii) and (iii) false
(2) (i) and (iii) correct, (ii) false
(3) (i) and (ii) correct, (iii) false
(4) All are false
70. Which ion can hold the ribosomal
subunits together?
(1) Ca++ (2) Mn4+
(3) Mg++ (4) Na+
71. A student wishes to study the cell structure
under a light microscope having 10X eyepiece and
45X objective. He should illuminate the object by
which one of the following colours of light so as to
get the best possible resolution?
(a) Blue
(b) Green
(c) Yellow
(d) Red
72. Which of the following statements about
inclusion bodies is incorrect?
(a) They are not bound by any membrane.
(b) These are involved in ingestion of food particles.
(c) They lie free in the cytoplasm.
(d) These represent reserve material in cytoplasm.
73. Select the wrong statement.
(a) Bacterial cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan.
(b) Pili and fimbriae are mainly involved in motility
of bacterial cells.
(c) Cyanobacteria lack flagellated cells.
(d) Mycoplasma is a wall-less microorganism
74. Which of the following structures is not found
in a prokaryotic cell?
(a) Mesosome
(b) Plasma membrane
(c) Nuclear envelope
(d) Ribosome
75. The structures that help some bacteria
to attach to rocks and/or host tissues are
(a) mesosomes
(b) holdfast
(c) rhizoids
(d) fimbriae.
76. Which one of the following is not an
inclusion body found in prokaryotes?
(a) Glycogen granule
(b) Polysome
(c) Phosphate granule
(d) Cyanophycean granule
77. Cellular organelles with membranes are
(a) endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and nuclei
(b) lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria
(c) nuclei, ribosomes and mitochondria
(d) chromosomes, ribosomes and endoplasmic
reticulum.
78. Mitochondria and chloroplast are
(A) semi-autonomous organelles
(B) formed by division of pre-existing organelles and
they contain DNA but lack protein synthesising
machinery.
Which one of the following options is correct?
(a) (A) is true but (B) is false.
(b) Both (A) and (B) are false.
(c) Both (A) and (B) are correct.
(d) (B) is true but (A) is false.
79. Select the correct matching in the
following pairs.
(a) Rough ER – Synthesis of glycogen
(b) Rough ER – Oxidation of fatty acids
(c) Smooth ER – Oxidation of phospholipids
(d) Smooth ER – Synthesis of lipids
80.In salivary gland chromosomes/polytene
chromosomes, pairing is
(a) absent
(b) occasional
(c) formed between non-homologous chromosomes
(d) formed between homologous chromosomes.
81.All types of plastids possess essentially the same
structure because they
(a) perform the same function
(b) store food materials like starch, fat and protein
(c) occur in aerial parts
(d) can transform from one form to another
82.Experiments on Acetabularia by Hammerling
proved the role of
(a) cytoplasm in controlling differentiation
(b) nucleus in heredity
(c) chromosomes in heredity
(d) nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio.
83.Which one is apparato reticolare?
(a) Golgi apparatus
(b) Endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Microfilaments
(d) Microtubules
84.An outer covering membrane is absent
over
(a) nucleolus
(b) lysosome
(c) mitochondrion
(d) plastid.
85.All plastids have similar structure because they
can
(a) store starch, lipids and proteins
(b) get transformed from one type to another
(c) perform same function
(d) be present together.
86.Oxysomes or F0 – F1 particles occur on
(a) thylakoids
(b) mitochondrial surface
(c) inner mitochondrial membrane
(d) chloroplast surface.
87.Ribosomes are the centre for
(a) respiration
(b) photosynthesis
(c) protein synthesis
(d) fat synthesis.
88.Which is distributed more widely in a cell?
(a) DNA
(b) RNA
(c) Chloroplasts
(d) Sphaerosomes
89.Addition of new cell wall particles amongst the
existing ones is
(a) deposition
(b) apposition
(c) intussusception
(d) aggregation.
90.Cell wall shows
(a) complete permeability
(b) semipermeability
(c) differential permeability
(d) impermeability.
Answer key

1. (b) 16. (b) 31. (b) 46. (b)

2. (b) 17. (d) 32. (b) 47. (d)
3. (b) 18. (c) 33. (a) 48. (c)
4. (b) 19. (a) 34. (a) 49. (a)
5. (a) 20. (d) 35. (b) 50. (a)
6. (c) 21. (a) 36. (a) 51. (c)
7. (d) 22. (b) 37. (a) 52. (c)
8. (b) 23. (d) 38. (a) 53. (d)
9. (b) 24. (a) 39. (a) 54. (a)
10. (b) 25. (c) 40. (b) 55. (c)
11. (a) 26. (a) 41. (a) 56. (c)
12. (c) 27. (d) 42. (a) 57. (d)
13. (a) 28. (c) 43. (b) 58. (c)
14. (b) 29. (d) 44. (c) 59. (a)
15. (b) 30. (b) 45. (b) 60. (d)
61. (a) 71. (a) 81. (d)
62. (d) 72. (b) 82. (b)
63. (a) 73. (b) 83. (a)
64. (c) 74. (c) 84. (a)
65. (d) 75. (d) 85. (b)
66. (c) 76. (b) 86. (c)
67. (a) 77. (b) 87. (c)
68. (a) 78. (a) 88. (b)
69. (c) 79. (d) 89. (c)
70. (c) 80. (d) 90. (a)