Azar 文法第七章 名詞

一、常考文法觀念
1. 常考不可數名詞
furniture（家具），news（消息），information（資訊，情報）
equipment （設備），advice （忠告），clothing （衣服），baggage
（＝ luggage）（行李）， fun （樂趣）， money （錢）， homework （家庭作
業），
housework （家事）皆為不可數名詞；無複數型，考法如下：
(1) 前面不加 a／an，無複數型（但表限定時可加 the）。
(2) 只能用 much （＝ a lot of ＝ lots of ＝ plenty of 許多），
a little （＝ some 一些），little（幾乎沒有）等形容詞修飾。
(3) 與「計量單位」連用
例：1. a piece of news／information （一條／則新聞）
two pieces advice （一個忠告）
. baggage （一件行李）
. furniture （一件家具）
註：furniture 也可用 an article（two articles）of---（一件／兩件---）
2. a glass（a whole glass）of water 一杯（一整杯水）

1. For people who use the Internet, a lot of informations can be available.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2. Since they are moving to a new house, they have to buy furniture.
(A) many (B) quite a few (C) a lot of (D) a few
3. The four fundamental needs for all the people are：food, , shelter and
transportation.
(A) cloth (B) clothe (C) clothing (D) dress
4. I was so thirsty after jogging that I drank a whole glass water.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5. There was a very interesting news on the radio this morning about the earthquake
(A) (B) (C) (D)
in Italy.
6. of this house has been removed by the servants.
(A) The furnitures (B) The furniture (C) Furniture (D) A furniture
【提示】(1)這棟房子的家具已被僕人搬走。
(2)furniture 為介詞片語（of this house，所限定，故前須加 the）。
7. What did your teacher do?
(A) He gave me some good advice.
 (B) He gave me a few advices.
(C) He gave me some good advices.
(D) He gave me a good advice.
8. You will need a lot of equipments if you are going camping this weekend.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
9. Jim was upset last night because he had to do too many homeworks.
(A) (B) (C) (D)

2. 常考重要的名詞
(1) 單複數同形的名詞：sheep（綿羊），deer（鹿），Chinese（中國人），
means（方法；手段），﹡percent（百分比）→複數時字尾不加 s。
(2) 單數形但複數意義：cattle（牛），people（人們），police（警察），
poultry（家禽），company（同伴；訪客；來賓）→複數形，不加 s。
(3) 複數形複數形意義：riches（財富），goods（貨物），wishes，regards（問
候），
belongings 所有物，財產→接複數 V
possessions 所有物，財產→接複數 V
cf. property 財產→接單數 V
(4) 單數變成複數字尾不加 s／es 者：
ox → oxen （公牛）
medium → media （媒介）（媒介物）如：mass media（大眾傳播媒體）
phenomenon → phenomena （現象）
(5) 帶有介系詞的複合名詞→在名詞上變複數
例：editor in chief 總編輯；主筆 → editors in chief
passer-by 過路人；行人 → passers-by
looker-on 旁觀者 → lookers-on
(6) 其他：
①字尾-f／fe → -ves，如：knife → knives（小刀）
例外：safes（保險箱），roofs（屋頂），handkerchiefs（手帕）
②-s, -sh, -ch, -x, -z → ＋es
例：bus → buses（公車）；brush → brushes（刷子）
fox → foxes（狐狸）；church → churches（教堂）
③母音字母＋-y → ＋s 例：toy → toys（玩具）
子音字母＋-y → 去 y＋ies 例：fly → flies（蒼蠅）
④母音字母＋-o → ＋s 例：radio→ radios（收音機）
子音字母＋-o → ＋es 例：tomato → tomatoes（蕃茄）
例外：piano → pianos（鋼琴）
⑤凡 -oo- 型 → -ee-
 例：foot → feet（腳，呎）；tooth → teeth（牙齒）
goose → geese（鵝）
⑥凡 -man- 型 → -men- 例外：Germans（德國人）， Romans（羅馬人）

1. The farmer bought two yesterday.

(A) deers (B) sheeps (C) oxes (D) chickens
2. Environmental groups report that nearly ten percents of the world’s tree species
(A) (B) (C)
are at risk of extinction and many others are under severe stress.
(D)
3. The tools for mass communication are sometimes called mass .
(A) means (B) particle (C) transfer (D) media
4. Cattle grass.
(A) feed on (B) feeds on (C) feed at (D) feeds at
5. Wealth consists of that are useful.
(A) prosperity (B) property (C) possessions (D) possibility
6. Before the automobile, the horse-drawn carriage was the primary mean of private
(A) (B) (C) (D)
transportation.
7. It is said that riches wings.
(A) have (B) has (C) had (D) having
（諺語）據說財富無常。
8. The rainbow is one of the most beautiful in nature.
(A) phenomenon (B) phenomenas (C) phenomena (D) phenomenous
9. The will meet in Tainan next week.
(A) editor in chief (B) editor in chiefs
(C) editors in chief (D) editor in chieves
10. Please give my kind of r to my brother.
【提示】(1) 請代表我向你哥哥問候一下。
(2) 此處 regards（問候，致意）可用 respects／remembrances／wishes
代之。
(3) ＝ Please remember me to your brother.
11. We had on Sunday. My grandparents and three uncles came over to
visit.
(A) a lot of company (B) many companies
(C) a great deal of companies
【提示】此處 company（＝ visitors or guests）是不可數名詞。
二、重要翻譯句型
1. very＋adj. ＝all ＋ 抽象名詞

（非常，很---）＝抽象名詞 ＋ itself

1. （選一錯）她非常漂亮。
(A) She is beauty itself. (B) She is very beautiful.
(C) She is all beauty. (D) She is beauty herself.

2. all cars （注意聽，洗耳恭聽）

all eyes （注意看，專心看）
be ＋ all smiles （滿臉笑容）
all nerves （非常緊張）
all thumbs （笨手笨腳的）
：be all tears （淚流滿面）
cf. in tears 哭泣（crying）

1. Talking of mathematics, I am thumbs.

2. I saw her tears.
cf. When I saw her, she was all tears.

3. 抽象名詞 ＝ adj
of ＋ great ＋ 抽象名詞 ＝ very ＋ adj
no ＋ 抽象名詞 ＝ not ＋ adj （或 -less, un-）
（常考！）

1. The fall in oil prices is of great to the entire world.

(A) moment (B) significant (C) connotation (D) circumstances
【提示】(1) 石油價格的下跌對全世界是重要的。
(2) important importance
very ＝ of great moment
significant significance
（非常重要的。）
2.（複選）他的建議沒有用處。
 (A) His suggestion was of no use.
(B) His suggestion was useless.
(C) His suggestion was not useful.
(D) His suggestion was of no useful.
【提示】useless ＝ of no use ＝ not useful
3. This book will be great value to you in your studies.
【提示】of great value ＝ very valuable
4.（複選）He may be a man of character（有品格的人）, but he cannot
be .
(A) an able man (B) a man of able
(C) a man of ability (D) an ability in man
【提示】of ability ＝ able（能幹的）

三、年年必考的數量形容詞
實 例 同 義 片 語 所接名詞種類
1. a large number of
＝ large numbers of
（large 可用 great／good 代之）
many 2. quite a few ＝ not a few （可數）複數名詞
3. a great many
4. plenty of
5. a lot of ＝ lots of
1. a large amount／deal of
much 2. quite a little ＝ not a little （不可數）單數名詞
3. plenty of
4. a lot of ＝ lots of
其他重要數量形容詞：
1. several ＋（可數）複數名詞（好幾個---）
2. a few ＋（可數）複數名詞（一些---）→肯定意義 ＝ some
cf. few＋（可數）複數名詞（幾乎沒有---）→否定意義 ＝ not a few
3. a little＋（不可數）單數名詞（一些---）→肯定意義 ＝ some
cf. little＋（不可數）單數名詞（幾乎沒有---）→否定意義 ＝ only a little
4. either ＋ （可數）單數名詞（兩者任一---）
neither ＋（可數）單數名詞（兩者皆無---）

1. in the world export diamonds.

(A) Only little nations (B) Only few nations
 (C) Only a little nations (D) Only a few nations
2. Much scientists feel certain that modern technology does not necessarily bring
(A) (B) (C)
happiness to all of us.
(D)

3. “Was anyone hurt as a result of the hurricane?”

“ No, but the high winds caused to buildings.”
(A) many damages (B) a lot of damage
(C) lots damages (D) damage a lot
4. After so much KTV and restaurant fires, I think that it is safer to choose outdoor
(A) (B) (C) (D)
activities.
5. Robert is so busy that he can provide for his children.
(A) no time (B) not time (C) few time (D) a few time
6. Since his paper contains less mistakes than ours, he will be entered in the contest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
7. There were a lot of groceries stores in the city where I was born.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
【提示】「一間雜貨店」為 grocery store, 其複數 grocery stores