Tedds Engineering Library (AU)

Tekla Tedds 2020 Engineering Library - Australia
Tekla Tedds 2020

Engineering Library
Australia
Page 1 of 79
Table of Contents
2D analysis ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Beam analysis ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
Aerodynamic shape factor (AS1170) ................................................................................................................... 8
Basic wind loading (AS1170) ............................................................................................................................... 9
Batch design ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
Beam analysis ................................................................................................................................................... 12
Bearing pressures for rectangular footings with biaxial uplift ............................................................................ 13
Bolt group analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 15
Cold formed local wind purlin design (AS1170) ................................................................................................. 16
Cold formed simple purlin design ..................................................................................................................... 18
Column load chase down (AS1170) ................................................................................................................... 20
Compound section properties .......................................................................................................................... 21
Comprehensive wind loading (AS1170) ............................................................................................................. 22
Concrete industrial ground floor slab design (TR34) .......................................................................................... 24
Co-ordinate conversion .................................................................................................................................... 26
Cut and fill ........................................................................................................................................................ 28
Dead loading .................................................................................................................................................... 30
Design rainfall................................................................................................................................................... 31
Drain and sewer design .................................................................................................................................... 32
Gabion retaining wall analysis and design ......................................................................................................... 33
Hipped end loading .......................................................................................................................................... 34
Holding down bolt design ................................................................................................................................. 35
Road design ...................................................................................................................................................... 36
Moment connection design (AS4100) ............................................................................................................... 37
Notional load chase down (AS4100) ................................................................................................................. 38
Open channel flow ........................................................................................................................................... 39
Pad footing analysis and design (AS3600) ......................................................................................................... 40
Pile analysis (AS2159) ....................................................................................................................................... 41
Pile group analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 42
RC 2D analysis & design (AS3600) RC beam analysis & design (AS3600) RC beam design (AS3600) .................... 43
RC beam deflection (AS3600) ........................................................................................................................... 46
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RC circular column design (AS3600) .................................................................................................................. 47
RC column design (AS3600) .............................................................................................................................. 48
RC corbel design (AS3600) ................................................................................................................................ 49
RC slab design (AS3600).................................................................................................................................... 50
Retaining wall analysis & design (AS4678/AS3600/AS3700) .............................................................................. 51
Rigid diaphragm force distribution .................................................................................................................... 53
Rolling load analysis.......................................................................................................................................... 55
Section properties calculator ............................................................................................................................ 56
Seismic loading (AS1170) .................................................................................................................................. 58
Simple connection design (AS4100) .................................................................................................................. 59
Slope stability - slip circle analysis..................................................................................................................... 60
Infiltration system design (SUDS) Soakaway design (BRE digest 365 / SUDS) ..................................................... 61
Steel 2D analysis & design (AS4100) Steel member analysis & design (AS4100) Steel member design (AS4100) 63
Steel base plate design (AS4100) ...................................................................................................................... 65
Steel beam analysis & design (AS4100) ............................................................................................................. 66
Steel beam torsion design (SCI-P-057) .............................................................................................................. 67
Steel sheet piling design ................................................................................................................................... 68
Stormwater attenuation design ........................................................................................................................ 70
Stormwater drainage........................................................................................................................................ 71
Strip footing analysis and design (AS3600) ........................................................................................................ 72
Swale and filter strip design.............................................................................................................................. 73
Tilt up wall panel design (AS3600) .................................................................................................................... 74
Timber, glulam and structural LVL beam analysis & design (AS1720) Timber, glulam and structural LVL member
design (AS1720) ................................................................................................................................................ 76
Road design ...................................................................................................................................................... 77
Wall load chase down (AS1170) ........................................................................................................................ 78
Wind pressure coefficients (AS1170) ................................................................................................................ 79
Page 3 of 79
Page 4 of 79
2D analysis
Tedds calculation version 1.0.30
Scope
· Calculation for linear static 2D analysis:
o Model 2D frames with unlimited nodes and elements
o View model geometry, loading and results for shear, moment, axial force, deflection and axial deflection
o Output node results for total base reactions, reactions and node deflections
o Output member or element results for shear, moment, axial force, deflection and axial deflection
General notes
To create an analysis model you must define a series of nodes in 2D co-ordinate space that are connected by elements
with appropriate material and section properties.
Start by entering the nodes, materials, sections and elements that define the geometry of your model. Then define your
load case(s) and loading as required. When your model geometry and loading is complete you can select the Results tab
to view all of the calculated results for the node deflections, base reactions and reactions as well as the
element/member results for axial forces, shear forces, moments and deflections.
Contiguous analysis elements can be grouped to represent the physical design members which provide several key
benefits:
· Loads can be applied on a per member basis rather than by individual analysis elements.
· Pattern load combinations can be used to pattern load the continuous beams in a model.
· Results are appropriate for design calculation as they will show max/min forces on a member by member basis.
When editing values in a grid you must commit your changes for the entire row being edited by pressing Ctrl + Enter
(Commit row) or just Enter (Commit row and start editing next row), by clicking on another row, or by switching to
another tab. To cancel changes to the current row press the escape key.
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You can edit multiple cells at the same time by selecting all of the cells you want to edit. Click in the first cell and then
drag the mouse to select the range of cells you want to edit. Type a new value and press Enter and all the selected cells
will be updated. You can also select cells that are not in a continuous range by pressing the 'Ctrl' key whilst clicking on
each cell.
To sort a column in ascending order click on the column header, click again to sort in descending order.
Note: If you edit a value for the currently sorted column then the row you're editing may move in the list as a result of
the modified value changing in the sort order.
By sorting columns and editing multiple cells at the same time it is possible to amend a model very quickly for example to
move all the nodes in a single column in one go.
If a numerical value is entered it is assumed to be in the units defined for that column or cell. You can also enter values in
alternative units by simply including the unit, for example you can enter "500 mm" or "8 in" for a length.
Expression editing allows you to enter math expressions, to enter an expression simply type an '=' character followed by
the expression:
· '=1 ft + 6 in' would assign 1.5 ft
· '=L' would assign the value of the variable 'L'
If your expression starts with an operator then the current value will be automatically prefixed to the expression:
· '=+1' would add 1 to the current value.
· '=-2' would subtract 2 from the current value
· '=*2' would multiply the current value by 2
· '=+500 mm' would add 500 mm to the current value
Page 6 of 79
Beam analysis
Scope
· Calculation for the linear static analysis of single span or continuous span beams:
o Model beams with an unlimited number of spans
o Output member results for shear, moment, axial force, deflection and axial deflection
General notes
This calculation uses a customised version of the 2D analysis calculation which simplifies the user interface so that only a
single span or continuous span beam can be defined. Refer to the 2D analysis calculation notes for detailed
documentation and
Page 7 of 79
Aerodynamic shape factor (AS1170)

Scope
· Calculates the aerodynamic shape factor (including frictional drag) for freestanding hoardings and walls, free roofs
and canopies, attached canopies, awnings & carports and cantilevered roofs and canopies.
General notes
· ‘Empty under’ implies that any goods or materials stored under the roof, block less than 50 percent of the cross
section exposed to the wind.
· ‘Blocked under’ implies that goods or materials stored under the roof, block more than 75 percent of the cross
section exposed to the wind.
References
· AS/NZS 1170.2:2011 – Structural design actions: Part 2: Wind actions including Amendment Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Page 8 of 79
Basic wind loading (AS1170)

Scope
· Calculates the wind speed and wind pressures for ultimate and serviceability limit state. Shielding and topographic
multipliers can be entered directly or calculated.
General notes
· One wind direction is considered for each run of the calculations. Hence up to four runs would be required to
determine the worst suction and pressure loads on any particular wall or roof surface from all wind directions.
References
· AS/NZS 1170.2:2011 – Structural design actions: Part 2: Wind actions incorporating Amendment Nos. 1, 2, 3 & 4.
Page 9 of 79
Batch design
Version 1.0.10
Scope
· Excel workbook which allows for the batch design of any Tedds calculation. Input for multiple design cases can be
entered into the spread sheet which when calculated will run each individual design case using the Tedds
calculation specified. You can choose to interact with the calculations normal user interface or for some
calculations you can choose to hide the user interface.
· Working examples are included for the following calculations:
o Bearing pressures for rectangular footings (SI and US units)

o Precast concrete beam design (EN1992)
o Precast concrete bearing design (EN1992)
o Precast concrete column design (EN1992)
o Precast concrete half-joint design (EN1992)
o Precast concrete stair design (EN1992)
o Precast concrete wall design (EN1992)
o RC beam design (EN1992)
o RC beam design (ACI318)
o RC beam design (AS3600)
o RC beam torsion design (EN1992)
o RC column design (EN1992)
o RC pile cap design (ACI318)
o RC nib design (EN1992)
o RC stair design (EN1992)
o Rolling load analysis (SI and US units)
o Steel member design (EN1993)
o Steel member design (AISC360)
o Steel member design (AS4100)
o Steel member fire resistance design (EN1993)
o Steel simple connection design (EN1993)
o Timber member design (EN1995)
o Wood member design (NDS)
· Video demonstrations
o Introduction to batch design
o Batch design of RC beams (ACI318)

Lx Ly Pz ex ey qmax BearingPercentage
mm mm kN mm mm kN/m^(2) %
2000 2000 150 600 550 312.50 36.00
2500 2000 150 600 550 192.98 46.58
3000 2000 150 600 550 139.03 52.59
2000 2500 150 600 550 201.94 44.13
2000 3000 150 600 550 146.94 48.87
Page 10 of 79
General notes
· The Tedds batch design Excel workbook can be used to batch design any Tedds calculation.
· The workbook contains digitally signed macros which are essential for the batch design process, therefore you
may encounter security warnings in Excel when opening it.
· To determine the input and output variables used in a specific calculation consider the following:
o Read the calculation notes.
o Some calculations will include dedicated documentation of the key input and output variables
used. Using the library access system, open the calculation index and browse to the folder of
the calculation you're interested in and open the "Components" item. If the calculation has
dedicated variable documentation it will be listed beneath the calculation notes item.
o Start the calculation and read through the user interface, some calculations include the names
of the variables used for each input in the user interface.
o Finish the calculation and read through the output, the majority of the input and output
variables will be documented in the full output.
o Finish the calculation and read through the variables listed in the Variable Manager.
· When you want to start batch designing a calculation begin the learning process by starting in Tedds for Word,
assign the input variables you want to pre-define directly in the Word document immediately before the call to
the calculation. Immediately following the calculation insert expressions which query the results you are
interested in. Once you have used this technique to create a working Tedds for Word document then apply the
same principal using the batch design spreadsheet.
Page 11 of 79
Beam analysis
Scope
· Calculation for the linear static analysis of single span or continuous span beams:
o Model beams with an unlimited number of spans
o Output member results for shear, moment, axial force, deflection and axial deflection
General notes
This calculation uses a customised version of the 2D analysis calculation which simplifies the user interface so that only a
single span or continuous span beam can be defined. Refer to the 2D analysis calculation notes for detailed
documentation and
Page 12 of 79
Bearing pressures for rectangular footings with biaxial uplift

Scope
· Calculation which determines the maximum bearing pressure acting on a rectangular footing.
· The calculation also calculates the bearing pressure under each corner of the footing, the percentage of the footing
area acting in bearing and the location of the line of zero pressure.
· The calculation also generates a sketch showing the arrangement of the footing indicating the position of the
resultant, the bearing pressure at the corners and the line of zero pressure if appropriate.
Lx/3 Lx/3 Lx/3
1 2 1 Ly/4
Ly/3
3 3 Ly/4
Ly/3 2 4 2 Ly
3 3 Ly/4
Ly/3
1 2 1 Ly/4
Lx/4 Lx/4 Lx/4 Lx/4

Lx
Figure 1. Numbers represent the number of footing corners acting in bearing

when centroid of applied load is located within that zone.
General notes
· The calculation determines the number of footing corners acting in bearing given the eccentricity of the resultant
reaction.
· For footings with either one or all of the corners acting in bearing the bearing pressures at each corner are
determined using standard equations.
· For footings with either two or three corners acting in bearing the calculation uses an iterative process whereby the
position of the line of zero pressure is assumed. The eccentricity of the reaction resulting from the assumed line of
zero pressure is determined and compared to the actual eccentricity, based on this the line of zero pressure is
amended and the process is repeated. This process is repeated until the eccentricities coincide and a solution is
found.
· As an option the calculation will also determine the effective bearing pressure assuming that the reaction is carried
uniformly by an assumed equivalent rectangular base centred on the eccentricity of the base reaction.
Page 13 of 79
· As part of the output a bearing pressure diagram is generated. In this diagram the bearing area is shaded grey, the
bearing pressures at the corners of the footing are indicated and dimensions between the corners of the footing and
line of zero pressure are shown.
References
· 'Bearing Pressures for Rectangular Footings with Biaxial Uplift' by Kenneth E. Wilson, published in the Journal of
Bridge Engineering, Vol.2, No.1, February 1997.
Page 14 of 79
Bolt group analysis

Scope
· Calculates the shear force distribution across a group of bolts from an applied vertical and horizontal load.
Centre of gravity of bolt group (Xc, Yc) Point of load application (X, Y)
Px
Py
Sy
dy
dx Sx
Origin (0, 0)
Page 15 of 79
Cold formed local wind purlin design (AS1170)

Scope
· Calculates the equivalent UDL associated with local and global wind actions on a purlin or girt. This value is then
be compared to the design capacities of cold formed sections as given in manufacturers literature.
1425
General notes
· The roof is split in to several design zones depending on the roof dimensions and local and global wind pressure
areas. The local pressures as defined in AS/NZS 1170.2 Figure 5.3 are applied either within a zone of width a/2 or a
from the roof edge. The global external pressure coefficients are applied in accordance with Tables 5.3(A) to (C)
and may contain up to 5 zones. This calculation determines three basic design zones, for transverse wind from the
roof edge, as a/2, a and the roof ridge, and two zones for longitudinal wind from the roof edge as a and the roof
ridge. Additional zones may be required for the transverse wind case if the external pressure coefficients do not
coincide with the basic design zones. The walls area designed as a single zone taking the maximum negative or
positive external wall pressure for outward and inward forces.
· When the first purlin is designed this selection will be used as the default section for the remainder of the purlins
and girts which can be adjusted locally as required.
· There is an option to design the end bay separately as the local wind loads are normally much greater on the
edges/corners of the roof and walls. By default the calculation assumes all purlins and girts are designed taking
the maximum local and global wind pressures.
· The aspect ratios and critical patch lengths are calculated as detailed in 'Design of Portal Framed Buildings
including Crane Runway Beams and Monorails'.
References
· Australian/New Zealand Standard Structural design actions - Part 2: Wind actions AS/NZS 1170.2:2011
incorporating Amendment Nos. 1, 2 and 3.
· Australian Steel Institute - Design of Portal Framed Buildings including Crane Runway Beams and Monorails.
Fourth Edition
Page 16 of 79
· Stramit Exacta C&Z Purlnis & Girts. Design Capacity Tables and Member Moment Capacities.
· Lysaght Zed and Cees. Purlins and girts structural sections Part 1 and Part 2 dated August 2010.
· Fielders DHS Hi-Span Steel Sections
Page 17 of 79
Cold formed simple purlin design

Scope
· Calculates the equivalent UDL for a range of simple loading conditions and compares the capacities of cold formed
steel sections from various manufacturers published tables.
General notes
· Equivalent UDLs can be calculated for the following range of loading configurations
o Equidistant point loads - unlimited number of point loads
o Eccentric point loads - single or two symmetrical point loads
o Stepped loading - general UDL and a stepped UDL. The stepped UDL can be can be either fixed or variable
starting from the support in the end span extending up to or beyond the first internal support or located
anywhere along the span on any span respectively.
· Modification factors used for stepped loading were taken from Lysaght SupaZed and SuperCees Users guide.
References
· Stramit Exacta C&Z Purlnis & Girts. Design Capacity Tables and Member Moment Capacities.
· Lysaght Zed and Cees. Purlins and girts structural sections Part 1 and Part 2 dated August 2010.
Page 18 of 79
· Fielders DHS Hi-Span Steel Sections
Page 19 of 79
Column load chase down (AS1170)

Scope
· Calculates the factored axial loads on each stack of a multi-storey column due to permanent and imposed loading.
Interior
column
II I II I
III IV Re-entrant
III corner
column
I II I
Corner Edge
column column
General notes
· The calculations cover internal, edge, corner and re-entrant corner columns.
· For each column type the floor is divided into quadrants. Each quadrant may have a different load and edge loads
may be added to those quadrants forming the edge of the building.
· Imposed loads can be adopted reduced in accordance with clause 3.4.2 of the code, or the full imposed loads can
be applied with no reduction. Each individual quadrant can be selected to have imposed load reduction or not.
The calculations always start with a roof where load reduction factor is 1.0, and for remaining floors below roof it
is calculated.
References
· AS 1170.1-2002 – Structural design actions. Part 1 – Permanent, imposed and other actions.
Page 20 of 79
Compound section properties

Scope
· Calculates the section properties of one of three possible combined steel section shapes:
o Two I sections (at 90 degs)
o Channel on an I section
o Plate on an I section.
Equal Equal Equal

Section 1 Area Section 1 Area Section 1 Area
1 3 Axis Axis Axis
2 2 2
1 3
4 4 4
5 Neutral 5 Neutral 5 Neutral

X EQ XNA X EQ XNA X EQ XNA
Axis Axis Axis
y Section 2 y Section 2 y Section 2
6 6 6
x x x
General notes
· The section properties calculated are:
o Second moment of area about x & y axis - Ixx & Iyy
o Plastic section modulus about x & y axis - Sxx & Syy
o Elastic section modulus about x & y axis - Zxx & Zyy
o Radius of gyration about x & y axis - rxx & ryy
o Torsional constant - J and x
o Buckling parameters - u and g
Page 21 of 79
Comprehensive wind loading (AS1170)

Scope
· Calculates the site wind speed, design wind speed and design wind pressure.
b=0
North
AA
x q=0
f
y
b = 270 b = 90
y
x q = 90
b = 180 BB
General notes
· AS/NZS 1170.2 covers structures within the following criteria: (a) Buildings less than 200 m high. (b) Structures
with roof spans less than 100 m. (c) Structures other than offshore structures, bridges and transmission towers.
· The calculations provide wind pressures for ultimate and serviceability limit state. Wind speed multipliers can be
calculated and applied to cater for shielding and topographic conditions (these can be entered directly or can be
calculated).
· The site wind speeds are determined for each cardinal direction. The design wind speeds are determined for each
building orthogonal axes considering the maximum site wind speed in the range +/- 45 degrees for each
orthogonal direction. The design wind pressures are calculated from the design wind speeds for each orthogonal
direction.
· In this calculation only one value can be used for the terrain category for the site and no change in terrain
category can be calculated. The user can select Mzcat from a table (as per AS/NZS 1170.2) or can choose to specify
any value.
· Aerodynamic shape factors can be calculated for enclosed rectangular buildings in accordance with AS/NZS 1170.2
Section 5.
· No local pressure effect (Kl) has been included when determining the aerodynamic shape factor and this should be
considered separately. No consideration or reduction has been made for permeable cladding (K p) in the shape
factor calculations.
· Frictional drag forces have not been included.
Page 22 of 79
References
Page 23 of 79
Concrete industrial ground floor slab design (TR34)

Scope
· Calculation which checks the design of a concrete industrial ground floor slab subject to point loads, line loads and
uniformly distributed loads.
· The concrete slab can be designed for fabric, fibre or fibre and bar reinforcement.
· In accordance with Technical Report 34, Concrete Industrial Ground Floors. A guide to design and construction - Fourth
Edition
· Watch video
General notes
· For a single slab any number of load cases can be specified, of which, each load case can consist of single, dual or
quadruple point load(s), a line load or a uniformly distributed load.
· For point loads the punching shear at the face of the load and at 2d are also checked.
· For each load case the ultimate capacity of the slab is compared to the applied loading.
· For edge and corner point loads, load transfer can be included which can take the form of dowels, fabric
reinforcement or proprietary systems. All transfer types can also include a percentage of aggregate transfer.
· In accordance with Technical Report 34 the design analysis principles for point loads are in limit state format, in line
with Eurocode 2. UDL's and line loads on ground supported floors are designed using a permissible stress approach,
with a global factor of safety being applied to the material properties of plain uncracked concrete.
Page 24 of 79
References
· Technical Report 34, Concrete Industrial Ground Floors. A guide to design and construction - Fourth Edition.
Page 25 of 79
Co-ordinate conversion
Scope
· This calculation is based on the first principles of setting out co-ordinates, given the co-ordinates of a base station it
will determine either:
o The coordinates of the target if the bearing angle from north and distance along the bearing are known.
o The bearing angle from north and distance along the bearing to the target if the coordinates of the target
are known.
North
Bearing
East
Station (E,N)
Len
gth
L
Target (ETarget,NTarget )
General notes
· If you specify the bearing from north to the target and the distance along the bearing to the target the calculation will
calculate the co-ordinates of the target.
· If you specify the co-ordinates of the target the calculation will calculate the bearing from north to the target and the
distance along the bearing to the target.
· In practice coordinates are used for checking as well as setting out. As an example say bolt positions for structures
the Engineer can work these out from general setting out measurements if two positions on the site are known. See
the drawing below as an example of setting out the corners of a building to a coordinates.
Page 26 of 79
1000.000E, 110 deg E

1000.000N
1 40.0
00 m
2 1037.588E,
986.319N
00 m
989.739E, 4
30.0
971.809N
1027.327E,
958.128N
· From the information shown in the sketch above, position 2 can be calculated from the coordinates of station 1
(1000E, 1000N), the bearing angle to position 2 (110 degrees) and the distance to position 2 (40m).
· When position 2 is known, position 3 can be calculated by adding 90 degrees to the previous bearing (110 degrees)
and the distance (30m) which is known from the geometry of the structure.
· This procedure can then be repeated until position 1 is found (closure) which also serves as a check.
· In practice the information given for setting out curves is the coordinates of centre point, the coordinates of the start
of the curve, the coordinates of the end of the curve and the radius of the curve. The radius can often be too long and
therefore too far to sight and be used as a station. Even with a small radius this can often be impractical as the centre
point is theoretical and may not be on the site or maybe within an existing building.
828.990E,
1469.846N
End
1086.824E,
1492.404N
616.978E,
1321.394N
r=
50
N
0m
Start
507.596E,
1086.824N E
1000.000E,
1000.000N
· From the information in the drawing above the bearing angle can be found from the centre point to the start
coordinate and from the centre point to the end coordinate. Taking the centre point as the base station the bearing
angle can be incremented to the number of setting out points required along the curve using the radius as the
distance along the bearing.
Page 27 of 79
Cut and fill

Scope
· Calculates the area of cut and fill of cross sections where existing and proposed profiles are specified. If more than
one cross section is present and all the cross sections are valid, a quantity distribution table is calculated to determine
the cumulative cut or fill volume.
General notes
· There are several ways the coordinate data for the existing and proposed profiles can be input within the calculation.
o Inputting the coordinates within the user interface
o Importing from a text file
o Defining a template
· Coordinates can be entered using the user interface where a sketch will be produced detailing the profile as the
coordinates are input. The calculation will determine the cut and fill areas when the first and last x coordinates of the
existing and proposed profiles match. The levels of these matching coordinates do not have to be the same so a
retaining wall or similar can be taken in to account.
· Profiles can be imported from a text file which must be written in the correct format. The cut and fill areas will be
calculated when the chainages and the proposed and existing cross sections exist. The first and last x coordinates of
the existing and proposed profiles must match in order for the areas to be calculated.
Page 28 of 79
· A predefined template can be used for the proposed profiles which can be used in conjunction with the input or
import methods for the existing profiles as described above. The predefined templates comprise a typical single
carriageway, a typical dual carriageway, a cutting/embankment or a trench. The dimensions, levels and an x offset
relative to the template centreline can be specified. Each template except the trench has a slope to each side in
which the gradient of this slope is specified. These slopes are then used to determine an intersection point with the
existing profiles. It should be noted that the calculation will determine if the slope is required to be positive or
negative and only a positive gradient is needed. If the coordinate limits of the existing profile lie within the main
template (not including the slopes) the section is deemed to be invalid and the areas will not be calculated.
Page 29 of 79
Dead loading
Scope
· Calculates the unfactored dead loads of a series of composite constructions.
General notes
· The composite constructions are intended to represent the various floor, wall and roof components of a building or
structure.
· When using SI units the calculation includes a data list of typical material densities as well as a datalist based on
Tables A.1 to A.12 from annex A of Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions - Densities, self-
weight, imposed loads for buildings.
· When using US units the calculation includes a data list of typical material specific weights.
Page 30 of 79
Design rainfall
Scope
· Calculates the rainfall intensity, peak flow and design runoff for a chosen return period and storm duration.
General notes
· To determine the design rainfall intensity it is necessary to define the IDF coefficients to be substituted in the
rainfall intensity equation. IDF coefficients can be found at the Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology
web site using coordinate data for the site.
· If selected in the calculation the design runoff is calculated using the rational method. Although AR&R 2016
doesn't recommend the use of the Rational Method it is included here for basic first estimations for small sites as
this method is widely used and recommeded by some authorities. It is the engineers responsibility to check that
the method is suitable for the size and location of the site. The frequency factor used in this method is obtained
from AR&R 2001.
References
· Australian Rainfall and Runoff (AR&R) - A guide to flood estimation (2001)
Page 31 of 79
Drain and sewer design

Scope
· Checks the design of a surface water drain or foul sewer.
General notes
· The calculations use the Chezy and Escritt equations to determine a value for the design pipe diameter based on a list
of commonly available sizes.
· The calculations use the Colebrook-White equation to determine the flow rate and flow velocity of the design pipe
flowing full.
· The proportion of the design flow rate to the full flow rate is used in conjunction with design tables to determine the
design flow velocity and depth of flow when the pipe is running at the design flow rate.
· The calculations check that the maximum flow rate of the selected pipe exceeds the design flow rate. If specified they
also check that the design velocity exceeds the required minimum design flow velocity. If selected the calculations
also check that the design depth is less than 0.75 times the full depth.
Page 32 of 79
Gabion retaining wall analysis and design

Scope
· Checks the stability of a gabion retaining wall against sliding and overturning, and determines the maximum and
minimum base pressures beneath the wall.
General notes
· The soil surface to the rear of the wall may be inclined at an angle b.
· The retained material to the rear of the wall may have different properties to the material beneath the base of the
wall.
· Active pressure coefficients are calculated using the Coulomb equation.
· The calculation can be used in two different ways depending on how the soil, loading and combination values are
specified.
To design the wall using traditional methods, using factors of safety greater than 1.0, the soil properties and the
loading should be specified as the design values together with the partial factors in the combinations being set to 1.0.
To design the wall using limit state methods the soil properties and loading should be input as characteristic values
and the partial factors set according to the required combinations.
· The presumed allowable bearing capacity of the soil is compared to the applied bearing pressure calculated using
characteristic soil properties and characteristic loads assuming a trapezoidal pressure distribution
Page 33 of 79
Hipped end loading

Scope
· Calculates the loading on a gable frame, flat top portal and first portal frame resulting from a hip extending over two
frame centres.
Portal Frame
S3
Portal Frame
S2
Jack rafters
Flat Top Portal Frame
S1
Hip raker
Gable Frame
0 1 2 3
x1
a = Crsg =
x2
Point loads
x3
Lspan/2
General notes
· In the case of there being an odd number of jack rafters (ie there is a jack rafter at the centreline of the portal
building span), the calculations, which consider only a half frame span, also include loads on the central jack rafter
from the other half span.
· In the case of there being an even number of jack rafters (ie there is no jack rafter at the centreline of the portal
building span), there is a small approximation in the calculations - it is assumed that the hip raker connects to the jack
rafters (simply supported) throughout its length.
Page 34 of 79
Holding down bolt design

Scope
· Calculates the embedment depth of one of a pair of holding down bolts, and using table 1 from the BCSA/Constrado
guide, calculate whether the effective conical surface area and concrete shear stress is sufficient to withstand the
tension (pull-out) force applied.
· The calculations also check that the bolt tension capacity for the bolts selected is adequate to resist the tension force
L_proj (Clear projection of bolt above nut)
t_was (Washer thickness) t_p (Base plate thickness)
t_gr (Thickness of bedding)
L_bolt (Overall length of bolts) Concrete
References
· From 'Holding down systems for steel stanchions' BCSA/Constrado guide to holding down systems.
Page 35 of 79
Road design
Scope
· Horizontal curve design - Designs a circular horizontal curve (no transitions). The calculation uses a 'generic
number of chords' method, which calculates the optimum chord length based on the criteria of the length of
chord required to approximate the arc length of the curve.
· Vertical curve design - Designs a vertical curve and provides the setting out information (reduced levels at the
relevant chainage points). This calculation can be phased with the horizontal curve design, to enable the same
setting out points to be used.
General notes
· For phasing of the horizontal and vertical curves, a reference point on the horizontal curve must be given. The
chainage points are then calculated in relation to this reference point. The chord length (or frequency of levels)
should also coincide with the chord length used in the horizontal alignment calculations. Where applicable the
appropriate default values are given.
Page 36 of 79
Moment connection design (AS4100)

Scope
· Checks the design of an extended bolted end plate connection for beam to beam and beam to column flange
(single or double sided) connections with or without a haunch for universal beam, universal column, welded beam
and welded column sections. The beam sections may be horizontal or inclined.
References
· Australian Standard for Steel Structures (AS4100-1998) incorporating Amendment No. 1-2012.
· Design of Structural Connections by Australian Institute of Steel Construction.
Page 37 of 79
Notional load chase down (AS4100)

Scope
· Calculates the notional horizontal loads at the roof and each floor level of a multi-storey building.
General notes
· The floor area and perimeter wall lengths can be calculated for a range of building shapes, or values for these
parameters can be entered directly, by selecting the user-defined shape option.
References
· Australian standard - Steel Structures (AS4100-1998)
Page 38 of 79
Open channel flow

Scope
· Calculates the discharge of an open channel which may consist of multiple sections.
General notes
· The calculation uses the Manning equation in the following form:
A 2/3
Q= ´ R ´ S0
1/ 2
· It is possible to calculate the discharge of compound sections by adding the total flow of a series of partial sections, as
shown in the following sketch and corresponding equation.
A1 , n 1 A3 , n 3
A2 , n 2 P3
P1
P2
æA A A 2/3 ö
Q = çç 1 ´ R1 + 2 ´ R2 + 3 ´ R3 ÷÷ ´ S 0
2/3 2/3 1/ 2
è n1 n2 n3 ø
· The compound channel may consist of up to four separate sections, each with a different set of properties.
Page 39 of 79
Pad footing analysis and design (AS3600)

Scope
· Checks the design of a pad footing subjected to axial & horizontal loads and moments as indicated in the sketch
below.
MyA MxA
MyB MxB PA
PB
H xA H yA
H xB
H yB
General notes
· The calculations check the stability of the base with regard to uplift, sliding and overturning. They also check the
maximum and minimum base pressures.
· The reinforced concrete design calculations check the design of the base in bending and shear as appropriate.
References
· Australian Standard – Concrete structures (AS 3600-2018) incorporating Amendment No. 1.
Page 40 of 79
Pile analysis (AS2159)

Scope
· Static analysis of the resistance capacity of single piles, displacement or non-displacement, in multiple geomaterial
strata.
· Steel, concrete, or timber piles can be analysed for compression actions, uplift actions and lateral actions.
· This calculation is intended as a preliminary evaluation tool only and is not valid for final design. Please refer to
the General notes
· Multiple geomaterial strata may be defined. Calculation assumes a geotechnical strength reduction factor for
compression actions (fc,g), a geotechnical strength reduction factor for uplift actions (ft,g) and a similar
geotechnical strength reduction factor (flat,g) for lateral actions and the same are valid for the entire strata depth.
· Geomaterial may be defined as cohesive soil, cohesionless soil, or rock. Calculation of axial resistance capacity is
capable of analysing multiple strata of different geometrical types.
· Additional information required for lateral analysis are defined in the ‘Lateral Analysis’ dialog. Lateral capacity and
deflection are determined according to Broms’ Method (per FHWA-HI_97-013) and Brinch Hansen method
(applicable to either uniform or layered, cohesive or cohesionless soil) respectively. See below for limitations of
the methods.
· Plugging action may be assumed for steel piles. Steel pipes and tubes can be defines as closed or open ended.
References
· AS 2159-2009 – Australian Standard, Piling – Design and installation
· Tomlinson, M. J., Foundation Design and Construction, Seventh Edition
· FHWA HI 97-013 – Design and Construction of Driven Pile Foundations, Workshop Manual – Volume 1
Page 41 of 79
Pile group analysis

Scope
· Calculates the reactions of a series of piles subject to one or more loads assuming distribution through a rigid pile
cap.
General notes
· If required, the pile cap self weight should be added manually as an additional load applied through the centroid of
the pile cap.
· The calculation adopts the following procedure:-
o 1. Calculates the centroid and total value of all applied loads. Take moments about the origin in the x and
y directions and divide the resultant moment values by the total load to get the coordinates of the
centroid.
o 2. Express all pile reactions in terms of the reaction of the first pile P1 plus a rate of increase in the X-
direction, rateX and a rate of increase in the Y-direction, rateY.
o 3. Take moments about the resultant load in both the X and Y direction, expressing the results in terms of
P1, rate X and rateY – eqn.1 and eqn.2.
o 4. Sum all the pile reactions in terms of P1, rateX and rateY and equate them to the total load. Express P1
in terms of rateX and rateY – eqn.3.
o 5. Substitute eqn.3 into eqn.1 and express rateX in terms of rateY – eqn.4.
o 6. Substitute eqn.3 and eqn.4 into eqn.2 to solve rateY.
o 7. Substitute rateY back into eqn.3 to solve rateX.
o 8. Substitute rateY and rate X into eqn.1 to solve P1.
o 9. Use rateX, rateY and P1 to solve remaining pile reactions.
· The calculation output lists the co-ordinates of the centroid of the total loads and the co-ordinates of the centroid of
the total pile reactions. If the centroid of the loads does not match the centroid of the pile reactions the output
includes a note warning that the pile group is not in equilibrium.
Page 42 of 79
RC 2D analysis & design (AS3600)

RC beam analysis & design (AS3600)
RC beam design (AS3600)
Scope
· The calculations checks the design of rectangular, flanged T and flanged L section subject to major axis bending
and shear.
· The ‘RC 2D beam analysis & design’ and ‘RC beam analysis & design’ calculations are integrated with the separate
‘2D analysis’ calculation therefore please also refer to the calculation notes for that calculation.
· The ‘RC beam analysis & design’ calculation allows for the analysis and design of a single beam. The ‘RC 2D beam
analysis & design’ calculation allows for the analysis & design of multiple beams which are defined in a single 2D
analysis model. Beams can be a single span or a continuous span beam consisting of an unlimited number of
spans. Each span in the beam is checked according to the specified zones which can be amended in the design
process.
· The ‘RC beam design’ calculation can be used to design multiple sections based on defined values for bending
moment and shear force.
· In accordance with AS3600-2018
General notes
· For the beam analysis and design calculations various reinforcement styles can be selected for the main
longitudinal reinforcement.
Page 43 of 79
· For the beam analysis and design calculations for moment design the beam is separated in to 3 top and 3 bottom
zones which can be adjusted in the design process. A design check will be carried out for any zone where a
moment is present. Additionally a design check will be carried out for a monolithic beam on an end support even if
the elastic moment in that zone is zero.
· For the beam analysis and design calculations for shear design the beam is separated in to 3 zones which can be
adjusted in the design process. A design check will be carried out for all zones which are greater than zero length.
A minimum area for shear reinforcement is displayed on the interface together with the minimum length of end
zones can be in order to accommodate the maximum amount of minimum reinforcement.
· The beam analysis and design calculation includes an option to redistribute the moments and shears in a member.
The redistribution is undertaken on a combination by combination basis at each applicable support. If the
'calculated' option is selected the calculation will determine the maximum moment at each support and
redistribute that combination to the maximum allowable. All the other combinations at that support will then be
redistributed down to the value of the first, unless it is already lower and will not be adjusted in this case.
· The beam analysis and design calculation uses serviceability loads to define the deflection criteria. As long and
short term service loads are required the combination generator will automatically define two service types with
the correct factor. If combinations are defined manually and two service types are added the calculation will
assign the long and short term loads according to the factor applied to the service loads. The load with the lesser
factor will be assigned as long term and the other as short term. If only one service load is defined this will be used
for the long term and the short term load. If multiple combinations are defined the calculation will determine the
deflection for all the combinations but only report the most critical. See below for more details.
· When using this calculation it is the Engineers responsibility to assess the reported results and ensure that the
calculation has selected all the appropriate locations on the beam where critical results occur and that all of these
locations have been designed. If there are any locations on the beam where critical results occur which have not
been designed then the results at these locations should be checked using a separate design calculation.
· Both calculations check that each member passes the appropriate bending, shear checks, crack and spacing check.
In addition the member analysis and design calculations also check that the member passes the span to depth
ratio check.
· In the beam analysis and design calculation once the reinforcement has been specified for the first designed span
this reinforcement will be copied across to all the other spans and include any multiple layers specified.
· In the analysis if a load combination type of 'none' is specified the calculation will treat this load as a strength load.
· In the beam analysis and design calculation the longitudinal strain in the concrete, to calculate the concrete strut
angle used for the shear strength of the beam, is calculated using the maximum shear and the maxium moment
within the designed shear zone. The longitudinal strain in the concrete, to calculate the concrete strut angle used
for the web crushing limit, is calculated using the maximum shear within the designed shear zone and zero
moment.
· In the beam design only caalculation the longitudinal strain in the concrete, to calculate the concrete strut angle
used for the shear strength of the beam, is calculated using the design shear and the coexisting moment specified
for the section. The longitudinal strain in the concrete, to calculate the concrete strut angle used for the web
crushing limit, is calculated using the design shear for the section and zero moment.
Deflection
The deflection calculation requires both a long term and a short term service combination to determine the deflections
correctly. This calculation automatically detects service combination pairs (long and short term) if the combination
generator is used and assigns the combinations accordingly. The deflection calculation is then undertaken for each
Page 44 of 79
deflection pair and the worst case is then reported. Each combination pair can also be assigned different deflection
limits. If combinations have been automatically assigned incorrectly all the properties can be amended. Like-wise if a
combination pair is not required to be calculated or output the pair can be excluded by changing the service term to
'none'.
If combinations are input manually the calculation will look for pairs of service combinations that have been input
together and assign the long term and short term properties using the lesser and greater factor respectively.
In cases where say only long term load combinations are present the calculation will assume that the short term
deflection used in the calculation is the same as the long term deflection.
Once the combinations have been set up these combination criteria will not be updated unless a load combination is
deleted or added, at which point the calculation will invalidate the 'Deflection criteria' button and all the service
combination information will be recalculated when the dialog is accessed. However if a service combination is amended,
say if a factor is changed, the 'Deflection criteria' button will be not be invalid and the deflection properties will only be
recalculated if this dialog is accessed.
Automation
This calculation has been optimised for automation using the Tedds Application Programming Interface (API) which
allows anyone with Windows programming experience to integrate Tedds with existing in-house software applications or
applications and services from other 3rd parties.
For information on this calculations input and output variables refer to the separate "Variables" documentation which is
accessible from the calculations Calc Set.
When used for automation the "_CalcUI" variable can be defined to specify how the calculation will operate:
· _CalcUI = 1
The calculations user interface will be shown and the user must interact with the user interface to satisfy all the input
validation checks in order to complete the design and produce the required output variables and document.
· _CalcUI = 0
The calculations user interface will be hidden and progression through the user interface will be simulated automatically,
if the input validation checks fail then the user interface will be shown and the user must interact with the user interface
to satisfy all the input validation checks in order to complete the design and produce the required output variables and
document.
· _CalcUI = -1
The calculations user interface will not be executed at all, therefore no input validation will occur.
Warning! - The design will be completed automatically according to the specified input regardless of whether that input
or the calculated results are valid.
References
· Australian Standard: Concrete structures - AS 3600-2018 incorporating Amendments No. 1.
Page 45 of 79
RC beam deflection (AS3600)

Scope
· Calculates the effective second moment of area in accordance with AS 3600 clause 8.5.3 and has the option to
determine the total deflection and/or the deflection following the installation of finishes.
Service load
b fc
Cs
kd - d'
fc
kd Cc kd
d'
D d
T
d - kd
fc
kd
References
· Australian Standard – Concrete structures (AS 3600 - 2009) incorporating Amendments Nos. 1 & 2.
Page 46 of 79
RC circular column design (AS3600)

Scope
· Checks the design of a braced or unbraced, slender or short symmetrically reinforced solid circular column
subjected to axial load and / or uniaxial bending.
Minor Axis
Y
c
Tie
A sc do
Major
Axis
X X
A st
d'
Y
D
General notes
· The calculation checks whether the column is short or slender. If the column is slender then magnified moments
are calculated.
· Axial load and moment capacity are determined by finding actual depth of NA.
· For the given column configuration the procedure adopted by the calculation to determine the ultimate strength
is as follows: The value of the neutral axis parameter, ku, (and therefore the extent of the column section in
compression) is gradually increased until the ultimate strength in compression, Nu, is equal to (or slightly greater
than) the applied axial load, N*d. The ultimate strength in bending, Mu, is calculated for this same value of neutral
axis parameter. If this is less than the design bending moment (magnified if necessary for slenderness), M*d, the
column is deemed to have failed otherwise it is deemed to have adequate capacity to resist the design forces and
moments and therefore passes the design.
References
· Australian Standard – Concrete structures (AS 3600 - 2018) incorporating Amendment No. 1
Page 47 of 79
RC column design (AS3600)

Scope
· Calculates the cross-section strength of a reinforced concrete column subjected to combined axial force and
bending moment.
Nuo
Mul, Nul d
do
Axial load
ecu
do
ecu
Mud, Nud
esy kuodo
ecu
k ud
Muo
Moment
General notes
· The calculation determines the four key points on the load-moment strength interaction diagram.
· To determine the first point of the diagram, the condition of pure bending, the calculation uses an iterative
process. The depth to the neutral axis, kud, is entered as a finite value and varied until the value Nu is zero (this is
equivalent to C=T).
· The 'balanced condition' is where the ultimate strength in combined bending and compression is reached when
the stress in the outermost layer of the tensile reinforcement has just reached yield stress.
· The ‘decompression point' is where the strain in the extreme compression fibre is equal to 0.003 and the strain in
the extreme tensile fibre is equal to zero.
· The design rules utilized are based on considerations of equilibrium and strain compatibility (plane sections
remain plane after bending) to determine the load and moment strength.
References
· Australian Standard – Concrete structures (AS 3600 - 2018) incorporating Amendment No. 1.
Page 48 of 79
RC corbel design (AS3600)

Scope
· Checks the design of an RC corbel for factored vertical and horizontal loads.
Vf
Main Bearing
tension plate
bar
Nf
Closed Framing
stirrup bar
General notes
· The calculation checks dimensions of corbel as per cl. 12.1.1. Dimension of bearing plate as per cl. 12.6 and
reinforcement check as per cl. 8.1.6.1.
· Forces in truss are found by static method by assuming strut and tie model and reinforcement is checked
according to forces.
References
· Australian Standard – Concrete structures (AS 3600 - 2009) incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 & 2.
Page 49 of 79
RC slab design (AS3600)

Scope
· Checks the design of one or two way spanning slabs performing bending, ductility and shear checks and
determining the minimum reinforcement required to control cracking due to shrinkage and temperature effects in
accordance with clause 9.4.3. For the case of one way spanning slabs up to eight spans can be specified.
General notes
· Bending moments and shear forces may be calculated using the simplified methods given in clauses 6.10.2 and
6.10.3 or alternatively they may be input directly from an independent analysis.
· Punching shear check with or without moment transfer may be included.
· Deemed-to-comply span-to-depth deflection check in accordance with clause 9.3.4 for either one or two way
spanning slabs may be included.
· The calculation automatically determines the required depth of cover based on the required period of fire
resistance and the exposure conditions.
· The approximate required area of hogging and sagging reinforcement is calculated for each span and support
allowing the reinforcement (loose bars or mesh or a combination) to be specified.
References
· Australian Standard – Concrete structures (AS 3600 - 2009) incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 & 2.
Page 50 of 79
Retaining wall analysis & design (AS4678/AS3600/AS3700)

Scope
· Checks the analysis or analysis and design of a reinforced concrete or masonry retaining wall.
· The retaining wall stem may be either cantilevered or propped and may feature either stepped or inclined faces.
The retaining wall base may also be propped.
· The retaining wall may be subject to vertical or horizontal loads applied at any point to the base or wall stem. It
may also be subject to surcharge loads applied as area loads directly behind the wall.
· The analysis calculations check the stability of the retaining wall with regard to sliding and overturning as well as
checking the maximum base pressures.
· The design calculations check the stem and base in flexure and shear and will include crack width checks if
required.
· Masonry stem design includes unreinforced or hollow reinforced masonry options.
· The calculation design output includes an indicative reinforcement arrangement sketch.

200
1800
2600
500
3250
200
600
350
500
Page 51 of 79
General notes
· The calculation uses two sets of soil properties, retained soil for the soil to the back of the retaining wall and base
soil for the soil beneath and to the front of the retaining wall. Active and at-rest pressure coefficients are
calculated using the retained soil properties while the passive pressure coefficient is calculated using the base soil
properties.
· The design of the stem can be carried out at multiple locations but must include the foot of the stem for cantilever
walls and the point of maximum moment for propped cantilever walls.
· The design of the base is carried out once for the maximum and minimum moments generated in the heel and toe
of the base.
· The design of a key, if included is carried out at a single location for the worst moment induced in the key.
· The design of transverse reinforcement is carried out once for the stem and once for the base. For the stem the
calculation is based on the maximum overall stem thickness.
References
· Structural design actions AS1170.0:2002 including Amendment Nos.1, 2 and 4.
· Concrete structures AS3600-2009 incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 & 2.
· Masonry structures AS3700-2011 incorporating Amendment No.1.
· Masonry structures - Commentary AS3700 Supplement 1 - 2012.
· Earth-retaining structures AS4678-2002 incorporating Amendment No.1.
Page 52 of 79
Rigid diaphragm force distribution

Scope
· Determine the distribution of rigid diaphragm lateral forces to supporting lateral resisting elements.
· Define multiple types of lateral elements including steel columns and concentric braced frames, concrete columns
and shear walls.
· Define any type of lateral element by defining element stiffness directly.
No. fxf fxm fx fyf fym fy

(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN)
SW1 15.87 -13.53 2.33 0 0 0
SW2 15.87 -6.01 9.86 0 0 0
SW3 0 0 0 75.56 -47.56 27.99
SW4 34.27 19.54 53.81 0 0 0
SW5 0 0 0 94.44 47.56 142.01
General notes
· Lateral force resisting elements can be defined as:
o Columns (steel or concrete)
o Braced bays (steel concentric braced frames)
o Individual shear walls (concrete)
o Other elements
Page 53 of 79
· Other elements may be defined with section properties and stiffness will be calculated assuming a continuous cross
section OR element stiffness may be defined directly allowing any type of lateral element to be defined.
· The lateral loads are distributed to each lateral load resisting element based on the applied loading and its position
relative to the centroid of rigidity.
Page 54 of 79
Rolling load analysis

Scope
· Rolling load analysis of a continuous beam with unlimited spans and a load train with unlimited wheel point loads.
· The beam self-weight can be included or excluded from the analysis.
· An optional beam UDL can be applied.
· Video demonstration
General notes
· The sequence of wheel loads is defined in the opposite direction to the sequence of spans, i.e. the first defined load is
at the front of the load train. For non-symmetrical load trains, the analysis should be repeated with a mirror image of
the load train (where this is physically possible in the real structure) to obtain the worst load effects at each location.
Automation
This calculation has been optimised for Batch design and Automation using the Tedds Application Programming Interface
(API) which allows anyone with Windows programming experience to integrate Tedds with existing in-house software
applications or applications and services from other 3rd parties.
For information on this calculations input and output variables refer to the separate "Variables" documentation which is
accessible from the calculations Calc Set.
Page 55 of 79
Section properties calculator

Scope
· Calculates the section properties of a section constructed from rectangles, triangles and circles, with or without holes.
General notes
· The calculated section properties are returned to the Tedds document as variables for use in further calculations.
· Standard section types can be designed quickly from within the calculation user interface by specifying the
dimensions of the section.
· Custom sections can be created by using the Section Designer application. This application allows a section to be
designed using a simple CAD style user interface. Sections can be saved for re-use at a later date.
· Sections can be imported from Tedds data lists either as a starting point for new sections or to create combined
sections (such as a channel on an I section). Sections are available for the UK, USA, Canada, Japan, South Africa,
Singapore and Australia.
· The properties calculated include:
o Area
o 2nd moment of area
o Radius of gyration
o Plastic section modulus (only shapes with all rectangles at 90 degrees)
o Distance to combined centroid
o Distance to equal axis area (only shapes with all rectangles at 90 degrees)
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o Elastic section modulus
Page 57 of 79
Seismic loading (AS1170)

Scope
· Calculates earthquake actions on building structures. Domestic structures are also covered and the racking loads
determined when applicable.
hi+2
hi+1
hn
hi
References
· Australian standard - AS 1170.4-2007 Part 4: Earthquake actions in Australia.
Page 58 of 79
Simple connection design (AS4100)

Scope
· Checks the design of angle cleat, web side plate and flexible end plate beam to beam (single or double sided),
beam to column web (single or double sided) and beam to column flange connections for universal beam,
universal column, welded beam and welded column sections.
General notes
· As appropriate, user defined copings are considered in beam to beam connections
References
· Australian standard - Steel Structures (AS4100-1998) incorporating Amendment No. 1-2012.
· Design of Structural Connections by Australian Institute of Steel Construction.
Page 59 of 79
Slope stability - slip circle analysis

Scope
· Calculates the factor of safety for the stability of a slope assuming a circular slip failure.
q R
qA
qB
dA
E F
D
y WA
dB HA
C
H
G
WB
HB
A B b
General notes
· Auto analysis allows a number of trial circles to be analysed in a single process.
· Undrained slopes are analysed using a total stress analysis, this approach is appropriate to newly cut or constructed
slopes in fully saturated clays. Drained slopes may be analysed using either the Fellenius (Swedish circle) method or
Bishop's simplified method.
Page 60 of 79
Infiltration system design (SUDS)

Soakaway design (BRE digest 365 / SUDS)
Scope
· Calculates the maximum storage required for each rainfall duration over a return period of between 5 and 200 years.
In order to allow a range of return periods to be selected, table 2 has been extended to include Z2 growth factor
values for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 years using figures taken from “The Wallingford Procedure for Europe -
Best Practice Guide for urban drainage modelling”, published in 2000. The Z2 values have then been further
extrapolated from the 50 and 100 year values to obtain a return period of 200 years.
Circular ring pit soakaway
w
Incoming invert dia
d
l
w w
Rectangular pit soakaway Pit is depth - d
General notes
· The design of the soakaway can be calculated using either the BRE method or the SUDS manual method.
· The design of an infiltration blanket and infiltration pavement can be calculated using the SUDS manual method.
· Using the BRE method either the required minimum pit depth, width and length can be calculated by selecting the
appropriate required dimension and specifying the remaining ones.
· Using the SUDS Manual method the calculation will determine the minimum required depth for a suitable storage
capacity.
· The calculations also check that the soakaway/infiltration system discharges from full to half volume within 24 hours.
· These calculations determine the M5 rainfalls using table 1 and then calculate the growth factor for table 2 and, using
this, calculate the relevant rainfall for each rainfall duration. Using these values the inflow for each duration is
calculated along with the outflow (given the soil infiltration rate)
· The calculations can (optionally) determine the soil infiltration rate - from trial pit size and the test results for the
time taken for the water level to fall from 75% to 25% of the effective storage depth in the pit.
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· If the soil infiltration rate is to be calculated, the trial pit size and the test results for the time taken for the water level
to fall from 75% to 25% of the effective storage depth in the pit are required, otherwise the soil infiltration rate must
be entered.
· The Wallingford Procedure is used to calculate the rainfall and is limited, by the value Z2, to 100 years. When
selecting a return period of 200 years the calculation uses linear extrapolated values from the 50 year and 100 year
values.
References
· BRE digest 365 - Soakaway designs for either rectangular or concentric ring soakaways (2016).
· CIRIA C753 The SUDS Manual (2015)
· The Wallingford Procedure for Europe - Best Practice Guide for urban drainage modelling. Version 1.1 (Dec. 2000)
Page 62 of 79
Steel 2D analysis & design (AS4100)

Steel member analysis & design (AS4100)
Steel member design (AS4100)
Scope
· The 'Steel 2D analysis & design' and 'Steel member analysis & design' calculations check the design of I sections,
channel sections, and rectangular and circular hollow sections subject to major axis bending, shear and axial
tension or compression, and rolled T sections, angles and double angles and flats subject to axial tension.
Steel member analysis & design
· The 'Steel member design' calculation incorporates the same design checks as the analysis & design calculations,
plus I sections, channel sections and rectangular and circular hollow sections may also be subject to minor axis
bending.
Steel member design
Page 63 of 79
· The 'Steel 2D analysis & design' and 'Steel member analysis & design' calculations are integrated with the separate
'2D analysis' calculation therefore please also refer to the calculation notes for that calculation.
· The 'Steel member analysis & design' calculation allows for the analysis and design of a single member. The '2D
member analysis & design' calculation allows for the analysis and design of multiple members which are defined
in a single 2D analysis model. In either case each design member is checked at multiple points across all spans to
ensure that the worst combination of moments, shears and axial forces is considered.
· The 'Steel member design' calculation can be used to design multiple sections based on defined values for
bending moment, shear force, and axial compression or tension.
General notes
· For the member analysis & design calculations the deflection calculations are based on the selected load
combinations and include the option to define the criteria used to check each combination. No deflection check is
included in the member design calculation.
· The calculations always check that each member passes the appropriate bending, shear and tension or
compression checks. In addition the member analysis & design calculations also check that the member passes the
selected deflection checks.
References
· Australian Standard: Steel structures - AS4100-1998 incorporating Amendment No. 1 - 2012.
· Australian Standard: Steel structures - Commentary - AS4100 Supplement 1 - 1999.
Page 64 of 79
Steel base plate design (AS4100)

Scope
· Checks the capacity of a base plate for the specified axial compression load for I, H, C, RHS, SHS or CHS sections .
Major axis
yce
0.95 d
xce
a2
0.8bf a1 bf bi Minor axis
d
di
Effective Actual
concrete concrete
area A 2 perimeter
General notes
· Column end may be specified as prepared or not prepared for full contact.
References
· Australian Standard: Steel Structures (AS 4100-1998) incorporating Amendment No. 1-2012.
· Australian Standard: Concrete Structures – (AS 3600-2009) incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 & 2.
Page 65 of 79
Steel beam analysis & design (AS4100)

Scope
· Checks the design of rolled and welded I and H sections, rolled channel sections, rolled T sections, rolled
rectangular hollow sections and rolled circular hollow sections subject to major or minor axis bending, shear and
axial tension or compression.
· The calculation allows you to analyse beams of up to 10 spans with up to 20 beam loads, 20 loads per span, 20
loads per support, 8 different load cases and 20 load combinations.
· The section is designed for worst case applied moment, shear, compression or tension and deflection across all
spans.
General notes
· The design can include up to 5 sections working together to support the load.
References
· Australian Standard: Steel structures - AS4100-1998 incorporating Amendment No. 1 - 2012.
Page 66 of 79
Steel beam torsion design (SCI-P-057)

Scope
· Checks the design of a single span, simply supported, straight steel beam loaded normal to the major axis.
· Full torsional restraint at both ends of beam.
General notes
· At each end, the section may be may be free to warp or fully fixed against warping.
· No intermediate lateral, torsional or warping restraint.
· No axial loading or applied loading perpendicular to the minor axis. (Induced minor axis moments are covered.)
· Hot-rolled RHS, SHS, CHS, UB, UC, RSJ or Channel section.
· One load combination, comprising any number and arrangement of concentric loads, acting simultaneously with
one pattern of eccentric loading, from the following:
o an eccentric uniformly distributed load;
o one eccentric point load, at midspan;
o two eccentric point loads, at third points; or
o three eccentric point loads, at quarter points.
References
· BS 5950-1: 2000 - Structural use of steelwork in buildings - Part 1. Code of practice for design - Rolled and welded
section.
· Design for torsion, and combined effects including torsion, follows the guidance in the Steel Construction
Institute's publication SCI-P-057 Design of Members Subject to Combined Bending and Torsion.
Page 67 of 79
Steel sheet piling design

Scope
· The calculation checks the stability of either a cantilever or a propped/tied steel sheet pile wall by determining the
required minimum embedment length and calculating the maximum moment and shear forces. Where appropriate
the calculation will determine the tie/prop force.
· The design can be carried out by specifying combinations where partial factors are used to determine design values
for the soil and loading or to the method prescribed in U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Design of sheet pile walls.
· Video demonstration
18.0 kN/m2
dL1 0 6.2
0
Soil 1 - 5000
dL2 4000 0.0 26.5
61.0 31.6
dL3 5000
95.3 26.7
-196
dL4 6000 195.2 31.2
Soil 2 - 2700
Balanced, dL6 7162 278.8 45.9

-0.1
Hpile 7700
SECTION THROUGH SHEET PILE WALL BALANCE PRESSURE DIAGRAM (kN/m2)
General notes
· This calculation uses the Limiting equilibrium method (LEM) to design either a cantilever or propped-cantilever sheet
pile wall. This method assumes that the ground surrounding the wall is in a state of collapse, with its strength fully
mobilised on both sides of the wall. The wall is assumed to rotate as a rigid body about a fixed point, which for a
cantilever lies below formation level and in the case of a propped cantilever wall is coincident with the location of the
prop/tie.
· Water table may be added at any level on the retained side. When the water level on the retained side is higher than
ground level on the unretained side, there is an option to have different water levels to both sides of the wall. The
lowest water level on the unretained side in this case is limited to the lower ground level.
Page 68 of 79
· The maximum bending moments in the piles are determined using the Tedds 2D analysis engine with the piles being
analysed as vertical beams. The applied loads used in the analysis are the active and passive pressures as determined
in the calculation. Hence the balanced pressure diagram is effectively the loading diagram used in the analysis. There
are two methods of analysis available for the design of sheet pile walls and are governed by the restraint conditions
imposed by the soil at the bottom of the embedded length.
o Free-earth conditions assume that the wall has insufficient embedment to prevent rotation at the toe but
the wall is still in equilibrium.
o Fixed-earth conditions assume that the wall is sufficiently embedded and the soil stiff enough to prevent
rotation about the toe.
· The design of a cantilever wall assumes fixed earth conditions and is analysed as a vertical cantilever beam. The
design of tie/propped walls can be designed by either fixed or free earth conditions, and are analysed as a propped
cantilever or simply supported vertical beams respectively.
· The calculation can be used either to design a new wall or to analyse an existing wall. For the design of a new wall an
initial estimated total length of pile is required and the calculation will determine the actual length of pile required to
satisfy equilibrium. The fixed earth method also calculates a total minimum required length based on a 20% multiplier
to the embedded length below the point of contraflexure, due to the simplification of the fixed earth method. A
minimum plastic section modulus is calculated which can then be compared to manufactures information to
determine the type of pile required. If an existing wall is to be analysed the total length of pile is input in to the
calculation and the required minimum height will be calculated and compared to the actual, resulting in a pass or fail
statement.
References
· Department of the Army U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Design of sheet pile walls. CECW-ED EM 1110-2-2504 dated
31 March 1994.
Page 69 of 79
Stormwater attenuation design

Scope
· Calculates the permissible site discharge (PSD) and the site storage requirement (SSR) due to stormwater events
for development sites.
General notes
· The calculation of the peak stormwater flows are undertaken using the Rational Method.
· The Site Storage Requirement is calculated by using a site hydrograph. The Permissible Site Discharge is plotted on
a graph along with the hydrograph for a range of storms, where the two graphs intersect a line is drawn from the
origin to this point and the area between the lines is determined. The maximum area for all the storm durations is
determined and this is the Site Storage Requirement.
· To determine the design rainfall intensity it is necessary to define the IDF coefficients to be substituted in the
rainfall intensity equation. IDF coefficients can be found at the Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology
web site using coordinate data for the site.
· The rational method is used in this calculation and although AR&R 2016 doesn't recommend the use of the
Rational Method it is included here for basic first estimations/small sites as this method is widely used and
recommeded by some authorities. It is the engineers responsibility to check that the method is suitable for the
size and location of the site. The frequency factor used in this method is obtained from AR&R 2001.
References
· Queensland Urban Drainage Manual (2007)
Page 70 of 79
Stormwater drainage
Scope
· Calculates and plots the Energy Grade Line (EGL) and the Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) for a pipe line and
determines if they conform to freeboard requirements.
General notes
· The EGL and HGL are calculated to take in to effect, frictional pipe losses according to the roughness of the pipe
material and local losses relating to the type of structure that is present along the pipe line.
· The frictional pipe losses are based on the Colebrook-White formula.
· The diameter of the pipes and the flow within them can be altered along the length of the pipe. Adjusting the flow
along the pipe can be used to model additional flows, say from an inlet or branch line, within the system.
· The calculation will determine structure loss coefficients but these can be overwritten with user defined values if
preferred.
Page 71 of 79
Strip footing analysis and design (AS3600)

Scope
· Checks the design of a reinforced concrete strip footing subjected to axial and horizontal loads and moments as
indicated in the sketch below.
M
P
General notes
· The calculations check the stability of the base with regard to uplift, sliding and overturning. They also check the
maximum and minimum base pressures.
· The reinforced concrete design calculations check the design of the base in bending and shear as appropriate.
References
· Australian Standard – Concrete structures (AS 3600-2018) incorporating Amendment No. 1.
Page 72 of 79
Swale and filter strip design

Scope
· Checks the design of swales and filter strips.
· A filter strip is an area of vegetated land through which run off water is directed, they usually lie between a hard-
surfaced area and a receiving stream, surface water collector or disposal system. Filter strips can take any natural
vegetated form, from grass verge to shrub area.
· A swale is a linear grassed drainage feature in which surface water can be stored or conveyed. Swales have a
significant pollutant removal potential and can be designed to allow infiltration under appropriate conditions.
They are particularly suitable for diffuse collection of water runoff from small residential or commercial
developments, paved areas and roads.
General notes
· The critical rainfall intensity can be defined directly or calculated by defining the IFD coefficients for the site
location. The Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology website gives the coefficients for coordinated
locations.
· The provision for climate change can be included and is taken from Australian Rainfall and Runoff (AR&R) 2016
Book 1 chapter 6.
References
· Urban Stormwater: Best Practice Environmental Management Guidelines (CSIRO 1999)
Page 73 of 79
Tilt up wall panel design (AS3600)

Scope
· The panel is “check designed” for both the lifting sequence (assuming uncracked) and for in-position (assuming
cracked) for relevant dead, live, wind and seismic loads. Vertical loads may be applied to the top of the clear
height of the panel and may be located eccentric to the centreline thus inducing bending moments into the panel.
Lateral wind or seismic loads may also be applied resulting in further bending moments.
Loads
Load Load
Eccentricity
Tributary width Tributary width Tributary width
Hp
Hwu
Hwu
Dwindow
Ddoor
Lw
Hwindow
Ldoor Strip Strip

Lwindow
W
Footing
Tilt-up wall panel calculation Side view
General notes
· The panel is split into vertical design strips across the width of the wall panel based on panel geometry and
opening geometry.
· Maximum moment per unit width and deflection for each design strip is determined for each load combination
during analysis.
Page 74 of 79
· Initially mid span moments are calculated assuming a statically determinate simple beam and then secondary
bending moments resulting from P-D effects are accounted for using section 14.8 of the US reinforced concrete
code ACI 318.
· Lifting analysis for uncracked concrete properties is carried out for different angle of rotations from 0 to 90 deg
and the maximum moment due to lifting is calculated.
· The analysis of the lifting condition is calculated using a static deterministic method for a single or a two point lift.
Design moments and shears are determined for any number of specified angles of lift.
· Maximum secondary moment and maximum design vertical force is calculated from all load combinations and
based on that the wall is designed as a one way slab or column as per AS3600.
References
· AS3600-2009 - Concrete structures incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 & 2.
· ACI 318-08 - Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete.
Page 75 of 79
Timber, glulam and structural LVL beam analysis & design

(AS1720)
Timber, glulam and structural LVL member design (AS1720)
Scope
· Checks the design of timber, glulam and structural laminated veneer lumber (LVL) members.
b b
Lb
General notes
· The analysis and design calculation allows analysis of beams of up to 10 spans with up to 20 beam loads, 20 loads
per span, 20 loads per support, 8 different load cases and 20 load combinations.
· The member section is checked against applied bending, shear and bearing stresses, further calculations check the
member deflection and axial compression or tension if appropriate.
· The member design calculation allows users to design a single section based on a defined values for reaction,
bending moment in both major and minor axis, shear force and compression or tension.
References
· Australian Standard: Timber Structures Part 1: Design methods AS 1720.1-2010 incorporating Amendment No.1
dated December 2010, Amendment No.2 dated August 2010, and Amendment No.3 dated August 2015.
Page 76 of 79
Road design
Scope
· Horizontal curve design - Designs a circular horizontal curve (no transitions). The calculation uses a 'generic
number of chords' method, which calculates the optimum chord length based on the criteria of the length of
chord required to approximate the arc length of the curve.
· Vertical curve design - Designs a vertical curve and provides the setting out information (reduced levels at the
relevant chainage points). This calculation can be phased with the horizontal curve design, to enable the same
setting out points to be used.
General notes
· For phasing of the horizontal and vertical curves, a reference point on the horizontal curve must be given. The
chainage points are then calculated in relation to this reference point. The chord length (or frequency of levels)
should also coincide with the chord length used in the horizontal alignment calculations. Where applicable the
appropriate default values are given.
Page 77 of 79
Wall load chase down (AS1170)

Scope
· Calculates the strength and service design actions on the foundations under the walls in consideration for a multi-
storey building, based on the loading from the floors either side of the wall on each level and the self weight of the
wall.
Roof
Span roof_1 Span roof_2

w roof
Wall self weight

h2
2nd floor w2 Floor loads
Span 2_1 w floor2 Span 2_2

h1
1st floor w1
Span 1_1 w floor1 Span 1_2

h grnd
Ground floor w grnd
Span grnd_1 w grnd Span grnd_2 h below

w below
Wall load chase down

Note:- cw, iw and pw subscripts are use
to designate wall type
u and f subscripts are used to
to designate unfactored and
factored loads
General notes
· These calculations also calculate the wall design load at each level of the building, again based on the loading from
the floors above the wall on each level and the self weight of the wall. The total load includes the whole self
weight of the wall on the level at which it is being considered.
· The permanent loads are built up from the separate elements of each area, such as the roof, including sensible
default values e.g. under roof loading the total dead load is built up from Tiles, Battens, Felt and Rafters etc., all of
which have default values but which can changed to suit.
· The wall types that can be considered are party, internal or cavity walls.
· The roof can be timber or steel and sloping or flat. Each floor can be timber, in-situ or precast concrete.
Page 78 of 79
Wind pressure coefficients (AS1170)

Scope
· Calculates the internal and external pressure coefficients for a rectangular enclosed building. Aerodynamic shape
factors can be calculated for enclosed rectangular buildings in accordance with AS/NZS 1170.2 Section 5.
References
Page 79 of 79

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Beam analysis ..................................................................................................................................................... 7

Aerodynamic shape factor (AS1170) ................................................................................................................... 8

Basic wind loading (AS1170) ............................................................................................................................... 9

Batch design ..................................................................................................................................................... 10

Beam analysis ................................................................................................................................................... 12

Bearing pressures for rectangular footings with biaxial uplift ............................................................................ 13

Bolt group analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 15

Cold formed local wind purlin design (AS1170) ................................................................................................. 16

Cold formed simple purlin design ..................................................................................................................... 18

Column load chase down (AS1170) ................................................................................................................... 20

Compound section properties .......................................................................................................................... 21

Comprehensive wind loading (AS1170) ............................................................................................................. 22

Concrete industrial ground floor slab design (TR34) .......................................................................................... 24

Co-ordinate conversion .................................................................................................................................... 26

Cut and fill ........................................................................................................................................................ 28

Dead loading .................................................................................................................................................... 30

Drain and sewer design .................................................................................................................................... 32

Gabion retaining wall analysis and design ......................................................................................................... 33

Hipped end loading .......................................................................................................................................... 34

Holding down bolt design ................................................................................................................................. 35

Road design ...................................................................................................................................................... 36

Moment connection design (AS4100) ............................................................................................................... 37

Notional load chase down (AS4100) ................................................................................................................. 38

Open channel flow ........................................................................................................................................... 39

Pad footing analysis and design (AS3600) ......................................................................................................... 40

Pile analysis (AS2159) ....................................................................................................................................... 41

Pile group analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 42

RC beam deflection (AS3600) ........................................................................................................................... 46

RC circular column design (AS3600) .................................................................................................................. 47

RC column design (AS3600) .............................................................................................................................. 48

RC corbel design (AS3600) ................................................................................................................................ 49

RC slab design (AS3600).................................................................................................................................... 50

Retaining wall analysis & design (AS4678/AS3600/AS3700) .............................................................................. 51

Rigid diaphragm force distribution .................................................................................................................... 53

Rolling load analysis.......................................................................................................................................... 55

Section properties calculator ............................................................................................................................ 56

Seismic loading (AS1170) .................................................................................................................................. 58

Simple connection design (AS4100) .................................................................................................................. 59

Slope stability - slip circle analysis..................................................................................................................... 60

Steel base plate design (AS4100) ...................................................................................................................... 65

Steel beam analysis & design (AS4100) ............................................................................................................. 66

Steel beam torsion design (SCI-P-057) .............................................................................................................. 67

Steel sheet piling design ................................................................................................................................... 68

Stormwater attenuation design ........................................................................................................................ 70

Strip footing analysis and design (AS3600) ........................................................................................................ 72

Swale and filter strip design.............................................................................................................................. 73

Tilt up wall panel design (AS3600) .................................................................................................................... 74

Road design ...................................................................................................................................................... 77

Wall load chase down (AS1170) ........................................................................................................................ 78

Wind pressure coefficients (AS1170) ................................................................................................................ 79

o Model 2D frames with unlimited nodes and elements

· '=1 ft + 6 in' would assign 1.5 ft

· '=L' would assign the value of the variable 'L'

· '=+1' would add 1 to the current value.

· '=-2' would subtract 2 from the current value

· '=*2' would multiply the current value by 2

· '=+500 mm' would add 500 mm to the current value

o Model beams with an unlimited number of spans

Aerodynamic shape factor (AS1170)

Basic wind loading (AS1170)

· Working examples are included for the following calculations:

o Bearing pressures for rectangular footings (SI and US units)