Introduction To UMTS Radio KPI: June 2008

June 2008
Introduction to UMTS
Radio KPI
www.huawei.com
www.huawei.com
Huawei Northwest Africa Region

RNP Pre-Sale Manage: William.chen
William.chen@huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Agenda
n UMTS Radio KPI overview

n 3G Network Optimization
n Case Study of KPI Optimization
Page 2

3G KPIs Principle: S.M.A.R.T
the KPI has clear and complete definition and

Specific formula, include check point and procedure.
KPIs are measurable by given condition,

Measurable
measurement equipment and procedure.
all the KPIs should be reachable, it is refer to the

Attainable commercial network.
Relevant the KPI can show the subscriber experience
Time-bound the KPI target should be on the base of time-bound
Page 3

3G KPIs : Specific
Complete KPI definition include the formula combine with the check point or
procedure.
The example: RRC Connection Successful Rate
n formula
RRCConnectionSuccessservice
RRCS_SRService = ×100%
RRCConnectionAttempt service
n Check point
The number of “RRC Connection Attempt” is A1 or

A2?
A2 represent the effective number of “RRC
Connection Attempt”.
Page 4

3G KPIs : Measurable – Drive Test
n Field Test -> Drive Test Driver test route is based on

cluster, it is involved about 20
Evaluate the overall network sites in one cluster usually.
performance, usually on the network
pre-launch phase and initial stage of
commercial launch.
Test platform
Multiple test model
UEs can perform
different tests.
Data analysis
Probe & Assistant is used
for analyzing test data
Page 5

3G KPIs : Measurable – Stationary test
System KPI is suggested to be

n Field Test ->stationary Test test by stationary:
Evaluate the system / equipment performance. n Throughput KPI
n Delay KPI
n Quality KPI
Core Network
Stationary test condition is fixed,
NodeB and usually used in indoor test
scenario.
RNC
NodeB Radio Network KPI test is
suggested to be test by drive test
System performance Radio Network
performance n Call drop rate
nEquipment ability
nRadio network n Handover successful rate
nTransmission
planning
nNetwork construct
nSpecial environment
n…. condition
Page 6

3G KPIs : Measurable – Statistic test
n Statistic Test
Nastar
server
Monitoring & analysis

center
Recommended for security Essential

Optimization team
OM system
Pre-Condition for Statistic Test

Subscriber care center
There must be enough statistic sample, that

Terminal: ordinary PC or laptop, no distance
mean network traffic should be reach high
limitation
Local networks level.
Any corresponding dept.
Page 7

Huawei KPI test platform
comprehensive analysis of the iManagerTM M2000
performance, configuration,
alarm obtaining test data
GENEX Nastar 3G op para
tim me
iza
tion ter
fil au
es to
de matic
sharing of l ive
ry
analysis results Node B
RNC
v GENEX Probe
GENEX Assistant
v AGILENT 3G Node B
v QUALCOMM HLR/AC
multiple test data
v HUAWEI RNC
Node B
RNS
R NC PSTN
GENEX Probe te
d a ta s t MSC/SSP/ PLMN
wireless test data WCDMA ISDN
VLR
Node B
RNC
GMSC/SSP
CN
GENEX U- Node B
Net
Node B RNS
network pre-planning/planning
Page 8

3G KPIs: Relevant
Examples of User Experience (QoE)
completion of a End-to-end response The voice and video

download file is fast is Clare
Voice, Video Phone, MMS, WAP, Email, FTP, HTTP…

Service Performance
Radio Network KPI

AMR12.2, CS64k,PS64k/128k/384k, HSDPA/HSUPA
Accessibility Retainability Integrity Mobility Utilization Availability
Statistic / Measurement data
Page 9

Huawei 3G KPIs Architecture
3G KPIs
Accessability Retainability Service Integrity Mobility Delay/Latency Availability
• Call Setup • Call Drop • PS Throughput • SHO • Call Setup Delay • Worst Cell
Success Rate Rate Success (Voice/VP) Rate
(Voice/VP) (Voice/VP) Rate
• PDP Context
• PDP Context • PDP • Hard Activation Time
Activation Context Handover
• RTT
Success Rate Drop Rate Success
Rate
• SMS/MMS
Success Rate • Inter-RAT
Handover
Success
Rate
Page 10

3G KPIs: It is not only a value
3G KPI is not only a value, but a system, for example of CDR (Call Drop Rate)
Network Planning Network Construct Transmission optimization
Coverage Root cause drop-call
Hand Pilot Neighbor

over pollution cell Others
Transport 2G
problem
Interference Scramble congestionresource
Call drop
cause
59.45% 10.02% 7.29% 4.56% 0.68% 0.68% 3% 2.28% 11.94%
Page 11

3G KPIs: Attainable
3G KPI is output of combination with investment include technology, HR,
cost, competition strategy etc. Cost
Huawei KPI comply principle:

n Huawei will be responsibility for every complied KPI;
Reasonable
n Cooperate with OTA to work out a CompetitiveKPI
KPI;target
n Use the experience from other commercial network;
Competition
Attainable Common target for OTA and Huawei Technical
Page 12

3G KPIs: Time-bound
nMature Network
100
ü Drive Test KPIs

100
90
90
nOngoing Optimization
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
ü Stationary test KPIs

4050
3040
2030
1020
010
0
0
3
ü Network Statistics
6
9
12
0
15
3
18
6
21
9
24
12
27
15
30
18
33
21
36
24
27
39
42
30
33
45
48
Number of Sites
36
39
42
45
48
Number of Sites
ü Network Statistics
nCommercial Launch ü Benchmark test
Nastar
Probe & Assistant
Probe & Assistant
Ea
lif c h K
n Pre-Launch ed P
Probe & Assistant ur I h
KPI Acceptance at a s
io
n
ü Drive Test KPIs

ü Stationary test KPIs
nNetwork construct
ü Site verification
Page 13

Recommend test methodology
Test Methodology Pre-launch Acceptance On-going Optimization
RRC connection success rate Drive Test -
Call setup success rate Drive Test Statistic Test
PDP activation success rate Drive Test Statistic Test
CS Call drop rate Drive Test Statistic Test
PS Call drop rate Drive Test Statistic Test
CS Call complete rate - Statistic Test
PS Call Complete rate - Statistic Test
HSPA Call drop rate Stationary Stationary
R99 PS Throughput Stationary Stationary
HSPA Throughput Stationary Stationary
Soft handover success rate Drive Test Statistic Test
Inter-RAT handover success Drive Test Statistic Test

rate
Page 14

Agenda
• UMTS Radio KPI overview

• 3G Radio Network Optimization
• Case Study of KPI Optimization
Page 15

Optimization throughout Life Cycle
Subs. Number
Drop call • RF adjustment
Congestion • Para. adjustment

• Maintenance and upgrade
Poor quality
• Contingency planning
Access failure
Pre-launch optimization • Network expansion
tio is
……
• …….
s
n
es nal y
olu
a
an lem
Customized and
dr
differentiated
ob
services
Pr
Single site verification
Billing strategies
Investment Return
RF plan review DT & CQT KPI Complaints

analysis
Construction
phase Commercia Booming phase Mature phase Time
l launch Optimizing Balancing
Troubleshooting
Page 16

Network Optimization Phases
Optimization
preparation
RF optimization
New site integrated Service test and

parameter optimization
Routine drive test and

Single site verification stats. analysis
Acceptance criteria
N satisfied?
80％ sites in the Y
Y
N cluster ready?
Acceptance
Page 17

RF Optimization Target
n To optimize coverage
n To minimize pilot pollution
n To optimize cell dominance
n To optimize neighbor cell list
n To resolve RF-related drop calls
Page 18

RF Parameters Optimization
n Engineering parameters adjustment
To adjust antenna down tilt
To adjust antenna azimuth
To adjust antenna location
To adjust antenna height
To replace antenna
To replace site
To add new cell
n Radio part parameters adjustment

To optimize neighbor cell list
Page 19

Pilot Pollution Minimization
Pilot pollution definition:
n SHO candidates (A) Pilot pollution will result in:
(1) low signal quality
n Active set size (B)
(2) decreased system
n If A>B, pilot pollution exists capacity
(3) Call drops easier
-60
-65 Margin
-70
RSCP (dBm)
Ways to optimize:
-75 (1) Antenna adjustment
-62
-64 -66 (e.g. azimuth or down tilt)
-68 -69
-80
(2) Pilot power optimization
-85 -81
-90
SC1 SC2 SC3 SC4 SC5 SC6
Not
Active Set Pilot Pollution
Pilot Pollution
Page 20

Pilot Pollution: Example
Page 21

RF-related Drop Calls
Problems Appearance
n Poor coverage Poor RSCP & Ec/Io
n High interference Poor Ec/Io or RTWP
n Poor UL coverage UE max Tx power
n Poor dominance many SHO events
n Pilot pollution many cells present
n Missing neighbors
Fast change of RF conditions usually

causes drop calls, e.g. turning a corner.
Page 22

Para. Optimization Target
n To reduce access failures Para. optimization

is an important step
after RF optimization
n To reduce drop calls
n To enhance service quality
Service quality and network resources

utilization will be improved after para.
optimization
Page 23

Parameters to be Optimized
n CCCH power allocation para.
n RL maximum power para.

Seldom
n Cell re-selection para. adjusted
n Intra-freq. handover para.

An effective way to
n Inter-RAT handover para. reduce drop calls
n Power control para.
n Access power para. The influence caused by the

cell parameters adjustment
n Other related para. should be analyzed carefully.
Page 24

Agenda
• UMTS Radio KPI overview

• 3G Radio Network Optimization
• Case Study of KPI Optimization
Page 25

Case study from commercial network
• Example of Handover KPI analysis

• Example of Call Drop KPI issue & solution
Page 26

Two kinds of handover problem
nCorner problem Main road

If the time UE pass
The problem is usually happened on street corner the cross road is very
short, there is no
enough time for
Main road Cell2 handover also
The time UE pass the
corner is very short,
there is no enough
time for handover Cell1 Main road
Cell2
Pin-point
Cell1 Main road
nPin-point problem
The problem is usually happened on cross road
Page 27

Problem Analysis
Which time is short for handover?
∆T ∆T ∆T
Signal
Strength A
As_Th + As_Th_Hyst
AS_Th – AS_Th_Hyst
As_Rep_Hyst
Time
A Connected Add B Replace A with C Remove C
Page 28

Suggestion solution
Optimize Event thread hold, Time to Trigger and CIO so as
to have minimum ping-pong and fast the handover
CPICH_Ec/Io CIO
nIncrease 1A event
thread hold;
nShorten time to
Thread hold trigger;
nIncrease CIO
Time to trigger
Page 29

Case study from commercial projects
• Example of Handover KPI analysis

• Example of Call Drop KPI issue & solution
Page 30

Drop Call Analysis
• Drop Call Distribution
The example of drop call 1
is analyzed to show the
process of analysis in the
following.
Drop call 1 occurred at an

area of frequent change of
best server as shown by
the scanner scrambling
code plot
Page 31

Receiver signal level Analysis
• CPICH RSCP and Ec/Io before the Call Drop
Compare Ec/Io from both scanner and UE

at the time of the drop as shown in Figure.
This clearly shows the UE Ec/Io to drop to
< -21 dB while the scanner remained
above -11 dB.
Page 32

Drop Call Reason Analysis
n Best server Cell comparison n Active monitor set comparison
Examining the UE Active and Monitored

set, Figure does not show SC018 to be
measured by the UE prior to the drop.
This scenario resembles a missing
neighbor problem
Drop Call 1 (UE vs. scanner best server)

shows that for the scanner and UE SC008 is
the best server prior to the drop. However,
about 30 seconds before the drop, the
scanner selected SC018 as the best server
while the UE continued to have only SC009
in its active set resulting in the drop call.
Immediately after the drop, the UE camps on
SC018.
Page 33

Drop Call Solution
• Solution:
Looking at drop call Figure clearly shows that at the location of
the drop, SC018 should not be the best server.
Cell SC018 clearly requires some down tilting to control its
interference into the area of Drop 1. To illustrate this, RSCP
coverage of SC018 shows clearly that the cell’s is extending
into a large area. E.g. around the location of drop call, SC018
RSCP is > -75dBm.
Add the Missing Neighbors
Page 34

June 2008
Thank You
www.huawei.com
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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June 2008

Huawei Northwest Africa Region

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

n UMTS Radio KPI overview

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

the KPI has clear and complete definition and

KPIs are measurable by given condition,

all the KPIs should be reachable, it is refer to the

Relevant the KPI can show the subscriber experience

Time-bound the KPI target should be on the base of time-bound

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

The example: RRC Connection Successful Rate

The number of “RRC Connection Attempt” is A1 or

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

n Field Test -> Drive Test Driver test route is based on

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

System KPI is suggested to be

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Monitoring & analysis

Recommended for security Essential

Pre-Condition for Statistic Test

There must be enough statistic sample, that

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

completion of a End-to-end response The voice and video

Voice, Video Phone, MMS, WAP, Email, FTP, HTTP…

Radio Network KPI

Accessibility Retainability Integrity Mobility Utilization Availability

Statistic / Measurement data

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Accessability Retainability Service Integrity Mobility Delay/Latency Availability

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Network Planning Network Construct Transmission optimization

Coverage Root cause drop-call

Hand Pilot Neighbor

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Huawei KPI comply principle:

Attainable Common target for OTA and Huawei Technical

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

ü Drive Test KPIs

ü Stationary test KPIs

ü Drive Test KPIs

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Call setup success rate Drive Test Statistic Test

PDP activation success rate Drive Test Statistic Test

CS Call drop rate Drive Test Statistic Test

PS Call drop rate Drive Test Statistic Test

CS Call complete rate - Statistic Test

PS Call Complete rate - Statistic Test

HSPA Call drop rate Stationary Stationary

R99 PS Throughput Stationary Stationary

HSPA Throughput Stationary Stationary

Soft handover success rate Drive Test Statistic Test

Inter-RAT handover success Drive Test Statistic Test

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

• UMTS Radio KPI overview

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Congestion • Para. adjustment

RF plan review DT & CQT KPI Complaints

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

New site integrated Service test and

Routine drive test and